1000 resultados para Mata ripária
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A hipertensão arterial é uma doença basicamente detectável por meio da medida da pressão arterial; caracteriza-se por ser uma doença crônica, silenciosa, de grande prevalência na população que requer grande atenção devido ao seu potencial de gerar complicações. O povoado de Santa Cruz do Deserto do Município Mata Grande-Al apresenta alta prevalência de pacientes com hipertensão arterial que a despeito do tratamento farmacológico adequado não controlam a cifras de tensão arterial, devido aos maus hábitos de vida entre eles o sedentarismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar um Projeto de Intervenção sobre a aplicação de uma atividade física chinesa o Qi gong a variante aplicada foi o Baduanjin no intuito de melhorar o controle das cifras de tensão arterial nos pacientes hipertensos na população da área de abrangência. Realizaram-se tomadas da tenção arterial ao inicio e final dos exercícios e durante as consultas e visitas domiciliares apoiando-se na participação de todos os membros da equipe. O desenvolvimento do Plano de Intervenção baseou-se no Método de Planejamento Estratégico Situacional e na revisão da literatura realizada na BVS, LILACS e SCIELO cuja localização de artigos, teses, dissertações e documentos técnicos se deu a partir das palavras-chaves: Hipertensão arterial, estilo de vida, stress e sedentarismo. A estruturação do processo de trabalho e o enfrentamento de outros nós críticos, foram necessários para que o projeto fosse realizado com êxito, ou seja, obter, a diminuição das cifras pressóricas dos pacientes hipertensos.
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O uso abusivo dos jovens que utilizam substâncias psicoativas e álcool começa precocemente, sendo imprescindível a Equipe de Saúde da Família tomar ciência e conhecimento acerca do assunto, a fim de diminuir e a adesão a este tipo de uso, preservando a saúde, atuando na educação das famílias e consequentes gerações a surgirem. Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar uma proposta de intervenção para efetivar a ação da Equipe da Saúde da Família no controle, conscientização, baixa adesão dos adolescentes e jovens de São João da Mata MG quanto ao uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas e álcool no município. A metodologia do estudo é a Qualitativa, Descritiva e Transversal, do tipo Intervenção, que constatou o uso e consumo de álcool e substâncias psicoativas entre os adolescentes e jovens na faixa de 12- 16 anos, da Escola Estadual da cidade, percebido pela vivência comum na vida escolar e social, utilizando-se também dos resultados semelhantes de um trabalho desenvolvido anteriormente com o mesmo tema em 2012. O fator tido como precursor para o uso de tais substâncias após análise da Equipe da ESF, aponta diretamente para a falta de ações e espaços sociais, atividades de lazer e entretenimento para a população mais jovem, adicionado à resistência da população mais velha. As ações aqui propostas buscarão conscientizar os jovens as famílias, a escola e os profissionais de saúde do município a atuarem de forma a diminuir o alto consumo destas substâncias entre os jovens, promovendo saúde e qualidade de vida para a população
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Atualmente, estima-se que mais de 80% dos casos de morte estão associadas a fatores de riscos ou complicações da hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), por isso é importante o controle visando uma melhor adesão ao tratamento. Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar um projeto de intervenção visando estimular mudanças de hábitos e comportamentos que proporcionem melhor qualidade de vida e, ampliem a adesão medicamentosa e não medicamentosa dos usuários com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, na ESF Novo Silvestre, município Viçosa/MG. Primeiramente, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica no período de junho a dezembro 2015. A busca de artigos foi na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde do Ministério da Saúde (BVSMS), por meio das bases de dados do Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), aqueles disponibilizados na língua portuguesa, publicados entre 2004 a 2015. Como palavras chaves foram utilizadas: Hipertensão Arterial. Adesão terapêutica. Estilo de vida. Assistência à Saúde. Em seguida, foi elaborado o projeto de intervenção, segundo o método de Planejamento Estratégico Situacional Simplificado, conforme módulo de Planejamento e Avaliação das Ações em Saúde do Curso de Especialização em Estratégia Saúde da Família/UFMG. Espera-se alcançar melhor adesão ao tratamento e mudanças de estilos de vida tornando esses pacientes mais saudáveis. Os resultados deste projeto poderão ser ampliados para o município e podem constituir um importante apoio na luta por melhoria na qualidade de vida dos pacientes com HAS
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Approximately 7.2% of the Atlantic rainforest remains in Brazil, with only 16% of this forest remaining in the State of Rio de Janeiro, all of it distributed in fragments. This forest fragmentation can produce biotic and abiotic differences between edges and the fragment interior. In this study, we compared the structure and richness of tree communities in three habitats - an anthropogenic edge (AE), a natural edge (NE) and the fragment interior (FI) - of a fragment of Atlantic forest in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°50'S and 42°28'W). One thousand and seventy-six trees with a diameter at breast height > 4.8 cm, belonging to 132 morphospecies and 39 families, were sampled in a total study area of 0.75 ha. NE had the greatest basal area and the trees in this habitat had the greatest diameter:height allometric coefficient, whereas AE had a lower richness and greater variation in the height of the first tree branch. Tree density, diameter, height and the proportion of standing dead trees did not differ among the habitats. There was marked heterogeneity among replicates within each habitat. These results indicate that the forest interior and the fragment edges (natural or anthropogenic) do not differ markedly considering the studied parameters. Other factors, such as the age from the edge, type of matrix and proximity of gaps, may play a more important role in plant community structure than the proximity from edges.
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Studies in several countries have shown the occurrence of forest transition, when forest cover increase overcomes the loss by deforestation. In Brazil, although deforestation is still higher than afforestation, this relationship may be inverse in some regions. Recent assessments suggest the tendency of the state of São Paulo towards forest transition. Aiming to analyze forest transition evidence and facilitate the use of existing information, we review data on native vegetation cover variation in São Paulo from four data sources (Instituto Florestal, SOS MataAtlântica/INPE, IBGE and CATI/IEA). Our results indicate that discrepancies among these assessments may be accounted by differences in methodologies and objectives. We highlight their common grounds and discuss possibilities to harmonize their information.
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An inventory of the woody flora (trees and shrubs), was carried out in the Ribeirão Cachoeria forest (233.7ha, 650m high, 46°55'58''W, 22°50'13''S), the second largest and best conserved fragment of semideciduous tropical forest in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo state, Southeastern Brazil. The soil is a red-yellow podsol and the climate is of Köppen's Cwag type. Collections were made from August/1996 to September/1997. Only fertile individuals with a perimeter at breast height of 9cm or greater were included in the survey. One hyndred and seventhy five species were identified, belonging to 119 genera and 49 families. The most important families were Myrtaceae (14 species), Rutaceae and Fabaceae (13), Caesalpiniaceae (11), Solanaceae (9), and Rubiaceae (8). Some species were found for the first time in the region: Tachigali multijuga Benth. and Schoepfia brasiliensis A.DC. The flowering peak for most species was from August to October. Maximum fruit production was from August to November. Most species are zoochoric (58%), but 23% were anemochoric and 19% autochoric. The floristic composition of this forest and another 20 forests from São Paulo state were compared. The results obtained indicate the existence of distinct groups of forests. The most homogeneus group contains forests from the municipality of Campinas with similarity of 40%. This suggests that these forests are possibly fragments of a original continuous forest in the Campinas region.
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Lianas are characteristic, abundant and ecologically important members of tropical forest but they have been neglected in floristics and phytossociological studies. This work presents a floristic survey of the lianas species at Estação Ecológica do Noroeste Paulista (EENP), and a comparison of the list of species recorded in this work with those reported for other fragments of São Paulo state. The EENP (20º48'36'' S and 49º22'50'' W) is at 468 m of altitude and comprises an area of 168,43 ha, divided into three fragments of vegetation. Samples of lianas were collected in the interior and along the edges of the forest fragments. It was identified 105 species: 99 Magnoliopsida (60 genera and 22 families); six Liliopsida (three genera and three families). The richest families in species comprised 59% of the total of lianas sampled. The dendrogram of similarity showed a low similarity between the forest situated in the littoral (Atlantic Forest) and those located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Some other authors, also analysing the similarity of forest of the interior and Atlantic Forest of São Paulo state, but considering only the trees reported similar result.
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We estimate litter production and leaf decomposition rate in a cerradão area, physiognomy little studied and very threatened in São Paulo State. During the period of study, litter production was 5646.9 kg.ha-1.year-1, which the 'leaf' fraction corresponded to 4081.2 kg.ha¹.year¹; the 'branch' fraction, to 1066.1 kg.ha-1.year-1; the 'reproductive structures' fraction, to 434.1 kg.ha-1.year-1; and the 'miscellaneous' fraction to 65.5 kg.ha-1.year-1. Litter production was highly seasonal and negatively correlated with relative humidity and air temperature. Leaf production was negatively correlated with relative humidity, rainfall, and air temperature. There was no significant difference between litter production found in this study and those in two other sites with cerradão and semideciduous forest, but these physiognomies differed significantly from the cerrado sensu stricto. Leaf decomposition rate (K) was 0.56. Half-life of the decomposing material was 1.8 years and turnover time was 2.3 years.
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Due to its geographical location, the northeastern Coast of Brazil (Litoral Setentrional do Nordeste - LSN) is a hotter and drier climate than the eastern coast. In addition, because of its proximity to caatinga and cerrado, the LSN contains species from these vegetation biomes and from the restinga on the coast, which comprise different plant formations and creates a vegetation complex. Despite the great importance of this ecotone, there are few studies about its flora. The objective of this work was to contribute to what is known about the floristic and phytosociological composition of this region. We made a floristic survey in the area (between 2007 and 2011), consulted herbaria data from the region and made a phytosociological study in a stretch of coastal semideciduous forest (mata de tabuleiro). The study recorded 382 plant species from 96 families. In the phytosociological survey (0.32 ha) we recorded 2,970 individuals and 52 species. The most abundant plants surveyed were the trees Manilkara triflora, Chamaecrista ensiformis and Guapira nitida and the shrubs Cordiera sessilis and Maytenus erythroxyla (average height 3.8 m, average diameter 6.2 cm, basal area 39.28 m²/ha). The local flora includes floristic elements of caatinga, cerrado and restinga, corroborating the idea that the plant community of the coastal region of Ceará has an ecotonal nature.
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Food habits of jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) (Geoffroy, 1803) (Carnivora, Felidae) were studied between November 2000 and November 2001, in a 24.9 km² area of secondary Atlantic Rainforest and eucalypt plantation, in the Serra de Paranapiacaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. Analyses of 26 fecal and regurgitate samples, obtained over a stretch of 570.1 km, showed the consumption of 19 prey items and 74 prey occurrences. Small mammals were the most frequent food item (42.5%), followed by birds (21%), reptiles (14%) and medium-sized mammals (3%). The percent occurrence (PO) suggests that the diet consisted mainly of small rodents (30%) and birds (21%). We recorded for the first time the predation of Viperidae snakes by P. yagouaroundi. Although having a large list of items and range of dietary niche breadths (Bsta = 0.76), our data show that jaguarundi prey mainly on small vertebrates (mammals, birds or reptiles), and even in tall tropical forests or eucalypt plantations, it preys mostly on animals that come to, or live on, the ground.
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The unusual development of branches along the stem of Euterpe edulis is described for the first time. Branches originated at 2 to 190 cm from the ground. Ramified individuals and branches were able to produce reproductive structures and some branches produced roots. A plausible cause for the observed anomaly could be genetic problems due to small population sizes. The better agreement of this process can have a positive effect in the harvest of the heart of palm through the artificial induction of sprouts, what would prevent the death of the individual.
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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The lianas observed in this study, Abuta convexa (Vell.) Diels, Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler, and Chondrodendron platiphyllum (A. St.-Hil.) Miers, all have successive cambia in their stems. The terminology applied to stem histology in species with successive cambia is as diverse as the interpretations of the origins of this cambial variant. Therefore, this study specifically investigates the origin of successive cambia through a developmental analysis of the above-mentioned species, including an analysis of the terminology used to describe this cambial variation. For the first time, we have identified several developmental stages giving rise to the origins of successive cambia in this family. First, the pericycle originates in 1-3 layers of conjunctive tissue. After the differentiation of the first ring, the conjunctive tissue undergoes new divisions, developing approximately 10 rows of parenchyma cells. In the middle portion, a layer of sclereids is formed, again subdividing the conjunctive tissue into two parts: internal and external. New cambia originate in the internal part, from which new secondary vascular strands will originate, giving rise to the second successive vascular ring of the stem. The external part remains parenchymatous during the installation of the second ring and will undergo new periclinal division, repeating the entire process. New cambia will originate from the neoformed strands, which will form only rays. In the literature, successive cambia are formed by a meristem called "diffuse lateral meristem."However, based on the species of Menispermaceae studied in this report, it is demonstrated that the diffuse lateral meristem is the pericycle itself.
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The purpose of this study was to develop and validate equations to estimate the aboveground phytomass of a 30 years old plot of Atlantic Forest. In two plots of 100 m², a total of 82 trees were cut down at ground level. For each tree, height and diameter were measured. Leaves and woody material were separated in order to determine their fresh weights in field conditions. Samples of each fraction were oven dried at 80 °C to constant weight to determine their dry weight. Tree data were divided into two random samples. One sample was used for the development of the regression equations, and the other for validation. The models were developed using single linear regression analysis, where the dependent variable was the dry mass, and the independent variables were height (h), diameter (d) and d²h. The validation was carried out using Pearson correlation coefficient, paired t-Student test and standard error of estimation. The best equations to estimate aboveground phytomass were: lnDW = -3.068+2.522lnd (r² = 0.91; s y/x = 0.67) and lnDW = -3.676+0.951ln d²h (r² = 0.94; s y/x = 0.56).