Searching and retrieving in content-based repositories of formal mathematical knowledge

In this thesis, the author presents a query language for an RDF (Resource Description Framework) database and discusses its applications in the context of the HELM project (the Hypertextual Electronic Library of Mathematics). This language aims at meeting the main requirements coming from the RDF community. in particular it includes: a human readable textual syntax and a machine-processable XML (Extensible Markup Language) syntax both for queries and for query results, a rigorously exposed formal semantics, a graph-oriented RDF data access model capable of exploring an entire RDF graph (including both RDF Models and RDF Schemata), a full set of Boolean operators to compose the query constraints, fully customizable and highly structured query results having a 4-dimensional geometry, some constructions taken from ordinary programming languages that simplify the formulation of complex queries. The HELM project aims at integrating the modern tools for the automation of formal reasoning with the most recent electronic publishing technologies, in order create and maintain a hypertextual, distributed virtual library of formal mathematical knowledge. In the spirit of the Semantic Web, the documents of this library include RDF metadata describing their structure and content in a machine-understandable form. Using the author's query engine, HELM exploits this information to implement some functionalities allowing the interactive and automatic retrieval of documents on the basis of content-aware requests that take into account the mathematical nature of these documents.

La variante lingüística del español hablado en Galicia

El propósito de este trabajo es el de profundizar los aspectos fonéticos, morfosintácticos y léxicos que caracterizan en nuestros días el español hablado (y escrito) en Galicia, recopilando las peculiaridades más destacadas y recurrentes en estos tres ámbitos.

Pueblo Guaraní en Buenos Aires: nuevas formas de visibilidad política, lingüística y cultural

Il mio lavoro di tesi affronta la tematica del popolo Guaraní, situato nella città di Buenos Aires. La tesi si basa su una serie di interviste raccolte durante una ricerca sul campo e ha come obiettivo quello di fornire una visione generale di questa situazione, così come quello di smentire pregiudizi e stereotipi legati all’argomento e ancora molto diffusi. In prima istanza, abbiamo fornito un contesto storico e normativo. Per quanto riguarda l’aspetto storico, abbiamo ripercorso la storia della lingua guaraní e del territorio di Buenos Aires a partire dall’epoca precolombiana fino all’indipendenza, soffermandoci sull’importanza dell’evangelizzazione gesuitica nello sviluppo e nella preservazione della lingua e della cultura guaranì. Per quando riguarda l’aspetto normativo, partendo dal concetto di diritto umano abbiamo presentato la situazione legislativa argentina dal punto di vista linguistico, senza perdere di vista i riconoscimenti di cui la lingua guaraní gode anche in Paraguay e mettendo in rilievo i temi della comunicazione audiovisiva e dell’educazione nazionale. Successivamente, abbiamo trattato tutta una serie di tematiche relazionate con l’attuale presenza guaraní sul territorio di Buenos Aires: l’evoluzione del termine indio, il tema dell’indigenismo, il problema della discriminazione, la questione delle migrazioni e il tema dei censimenti con le sue limitazioni. Infine, sulla base delle analisi effettuate, abbiamo descritto l’attuale presenza di suddetta popolazione a Buenos Aires non solamente da un punto di vista linguistico, ma anche politico e sociale, classificando le varietà di lingua guaraní e le tipologie di parlanti presenti sull’area di studio. Nel descrivere la situazione attuale, ci siamo soffermati in particolare sull’insegnamento della lingua guaraní nel Laboratorio de Idiomas dell’Università di Buenos Aires e sulla forte presenza delle comunità indigene urbane nell’Area Metropolitana della capitale argentina.

Gray matter volume differences specific to formal thought disorder in schizophrenia

Formal thought disorder (FTD) is one of the main symptoms of schizophrenia. To date there are no whole brain volumetric studies investigating gray matter (GM) differences specifically associated with FTD. Here, we studied 20 right-handed schizophrenia patients that differed in the severity of formal thought disorder and 20 matched healthy controls, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The severity of FTD was measured with the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language, and Communication. The severity was negatively correlated with the GM volume of the left superior temporal sulcus, the left temporal pole, the right middle orbital gyrus and the right cuneus/lingual gyrus. Structural abnormalities specific for FTD were found to be unrelated to GM differences associated with schizophrenia in general. The specific GM abnormalities within the left temporal lobe may help to explain language disturbances included in FTD.

Semantic network disconnection in formal thought disorder

Structural and functional findings in schizophrenic patients with formal thought disorder (FTD) show abnormalities within left-side semantic areas. The present study investigate the network function of the involved brain regions as a function of FTD severity.

Life on the Edge: Patterns of Formal and Informal Help to Older Adults in the United States and Sweden

Objectives Our objective in this study was to compare assistance received by individuals in the United States and Sweden with characteristics associated with low, moderate, or high 1-year placement risk in the United States. Methods We used longitudinal nationally representative data from 4,579 participants aged 75 years and older in the 1992 and 1993 waves of the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) and cross-sectional data from 1,379 individuals aged 75 years and older in the Swedish Aging at Home (AH) national survey for comparative purposes. We developed a logistic regression equation using U.S. data to identify individuals with 3 levels (low, moderate, or high) of predicted 1-year institutional placement risk. Groups with the same characteristics were identified in the Swedish sample and compared on formal and informal assistance received. Results Formal service utilization was higher in Swedish sample, whereas informal service use is lower overall. Individuals with characteristics associated with high placement risk received more formal and less informal assistance in Sweden relative to the United States. Discussion Differences suggest formal services supplement informal support in the United States and that formal and informal services are complementary in Sweden.

Isolated Islands? Memory of the Holocaust in Formal and Non-Formal Education. The Case Study of Post-Communist Poland

Existing studies revealed several conflicts around the memory of the Holocaust in Poland: between understanding the need to teach about the Holocaust and indifference toward anti-Jewish graffiti; a conflict around the perception of Polish help to Jews; and the competing images of Polish and Jewish suffering during World War II. Those conflicts will be addressed in the paper as reflecting educational gaps in the Polish education system (lack of bad memory). This paper will look at the consciousness of young Poles, in terms of attitudes toward Jews, the Holocaust and memory of the Holocaust. The data presented are the preliminary results of the author’s longitudinal study „Attitudes of Young Poles toward the Jews and the Holocaust”. Quantitative and qualitative studies include field studies and participant observation of educational projects in Tykocin, Treblinka, Warsaw, Lublin, Bodzentyn and Kielce. The paper will present some components of the development of education about the Holocaust in Poland. There is a need to evaluate the attempt to bring back the memory of Jewish neighbours in some of the states of Central and Eastern Europe, a process with an ongoing effort to renovate monuments, destroyed cemeteries and synagogues. The number and scope of such initiatives in Poland indicate that civic institutions and individuals are intensifying their efforts to teach their fellow citizens about the Holocaust, however their impact should be assessed in detail.

Panel One: Formal Education and Non-formal Education

Format: 5 minute introduction, 15 min per speaker, 70 min discussion Moderator: Johanna Vollhardt, Clark University