Tetraphenylethene-Based Conjugated Fluoranthene: A Potential Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Nitroaromatic Compounds

This study reports the synthesis and photophysical properties of a star-shaped, novel, fluoranthene-tetraphenylethene (TFPE) conjugated luminogen, which exhibits aggregation-induced blue-shifted emission (AIBSE). The bulky fluoranthene units at the periphery prevent intramolecular rotation (IMR) of phenyl rings and induces a blueshift with enhanced emission. The AIBSE phenomenon was investigated by solvatochromic and temperature-dependent emission studies. Nanoaggregates of TFPE, formed by varying the water/THF ratio, were investigated by SEM and TEM and correlated with optical properties. The TFPE conjugate was found to be a promising fluorescent probe towards the detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), especially for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (PA) with high sensitivity and a high Stern-Volmer quenching constant. The study reveals that nanoaggregates of TFPE formed at 30 and 70% water in THF showed unprecedented sensitivity with detection limits of 0.8 and 0.5ppb, respectively. The nanoaggregates formed at water fractions of 30 and 70% exhibit high Stern-Volmer constants (K-sv=79998 and 51120m(-1), respectively) towards PA. Fluorescence quenching is ascribed to photoinduced electron transfer between TFPE and NACs with a static quenching mechanism. Test strips coated with TFPE luminogen demonstrate fast and ultra-low-level detection of PA for real-time field analysis.

Remarkable photo-induced anticancer activity of vitamin-S6 Schiff base copper(II) complexes of pyridyl bases

Vitamin-B6 (VB6) Schiff base (H2L) copper(II) complexes of pyridyl bases, viz. Cu(bpy)(L)] (1), Cu(phen)(L)] (2) and Cu(dppz)(L)] (3), where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, phen is 1,10-phenanthroline and dppz is dipyrido3,2-a:2',3'c]phenazine are synthesized, characterized and their phto-induced anticancer activity studied. The non-electrolytic one electron paramagnetic complexes exhibit a d-d band near 700 nm in DMF. The dppz complex intercalatively binds to calf-thymus DNA with binding constant (K-b) values of similar to 10(6) M-1. This complex exhibits low chemical nuclease activity but excellent DNA photocleavage activity when irradiated with red light of 705 nm forming (OH)-O-center dot radical. It displays remarkable photocytotoxicity in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) giving IC50 value of 0.9 mu M in visible light (400-700 nm) while being less toxic in darkness (IC50 : 23 mu M). The cellular uptake of the complexes seems to be via VB6 transporting membrane carrier mediated diffusion pathway. Photo-induced cell death follows apoptotic pathway involving photo-generated intracellular reactive oxygen species.

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR DIRECT SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE RECEIVER DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING

This paper establishes the design requirements for the development and testing of direct supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) solar receivers. Current design considerations are based on the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC). Section I (BPVC) considers typical boilers/superheaters (i.e. fired pressure vessels) which work under a constant low heat flux. Section VIII (BPVC) considers pressure vessels with operating pressures above 15 psig 2 bar] (i.e. unfired pressure vessels). Section III, Division I - Subsection NH (BPVC) considers a more detailed stress calculation, compared to Section I and Section VIII, and requires a creep-fatigue analysis. The main drawback from using the BPVC exclusively is the large safety requirements developed for nuclear power applications. As a result, a new set of requirements is needed to perform detailed thermal-structural analyses of solar thermal receivers subjected to a spatially-varying, high-intensity heat flux. The last design requirements document of this kind was an interim Sandia report developed in 1979 (SAND79-8183), but it only addresses some of the technical challenges in early-stage steam and molten-salt solar receivers but not the use of sCO2 receivers. This paper presents a combination of the ASME BPVC and ASME B31.1 Code modified appropriately to achieve the reliability requirements in sCO(2) solar power systems. There are five main categories in this requirements document: Operation and Safety, Materials and Manufacturing, Instrumentation, Maintenance and Environmental, and General requirements. This paper also includes the modeling guidelines and input parameters required in computational fluid dynamics and structural analyses utilizing ANSYS Fluent, ANSYS Mechanical, and nCode Design Life. The main purpose of this document is to serve as a reference and guideline for design and testing requirements, as well as to address the technical challenges and provide initial parameters for the computational models that will be employed for the development of sCO(2) receivers.

Direct numerical test of the B-G-K model equation by the DSMC method

In the present paper the rarefied gas how caused by the sudden change of the wall temperature and the Rayleigh problem are simulated by the DSMC method which has been validated by experiments both in global flour field and velocity distribution function level. The comparison of the simulated results with the accurate numerical solutions of the B-G-K model equation shows that near equilibrium the BG-K equation with corrected collision frequency can give accurate result but as farther away from equilibrium the B-G-K equation is not accurate. This is for the first time that the error caused by the B-G-K model equation has been revealed.

Strain gradient theory with couple stress for crystalline solids

A new phenomenological strain gradient theory for crystalline solid is proposed. It fits within the framework of general couple stress theory and involves a single material length scale Ics. In the present theory three rotational degrees of freedom omega (i) are introduced, which denote part of the material angular displacement theta (i) and are induced accompanying the plastic deformation. omega (i) has no direct dependence upon u(i) while theta = (1 /2) curl u. The strain energy density omega is assumed to consist of two parts: one is a function of the strain tensor epsilon (ij) and the curvature tensor chi (ij), where chi (ij) = omega (i,j); the other is a function of the relative rotation tensor alpha (ij). alpha (ij) = e(ijk) (omega (k) - theta (k)) plays the role of elastic rotation reason The anti-symmetric part of Cauchy stress tau (ij) is only the function of alpha (ij) and alpha (ij) has no effect on the symmetric part of Cauchy stress sigma (ij) and the couple stress m(ij). A minimum potential principle is developed for the strain gradient deformation theory. In the limit of vanishing l(cs), it reduces to the conventional counterparts: J(2) deformation theory. Equilibrium equations, constitutive relations and boundary conditions are given in detail. For simplicity, the elastic relation between the anti-symmetric part of Cauchy stress tau (ij), and alpha (ij) is established and only one elastic constant exists between the two tensors. Combining the same hardening law as that used in previously by other groups, the present theory is used to investigate two typical examples, i.e., thin metallic wire torsion and ultra-thin metallic beam bend, the analytical results agree well with the experiment results. While considering the, stretching gradient, a new hardening law is presented and used to analyze the two typical problems. The flow theory version of the present theory is also given.

用自相关法确定VITA法的门限K

研究了用ＶＩＴＡ条件采样方法壁湍猝发的门限值与壁湍流猝发平均周期之间的关系，根据用壁湍流流向脉动速度自相关函数检测得到的壁湍流猝发平均周期，确定壁，湍猝发ＶＩＴＡ条件采样的门限值Ｋ。

Efecto terapeutico del Jicaro Sabanero (Crescentia alata H.B.K.), Madero negro (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq) y Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Jus) en dermatopatias de los conejos y diagnostico de las mismas en el Rancho Agropecologico en especies menores ebenezer, Niquinohomo, Nicaragua

Con el objetivo de determinar los principales agentes etiológicos de las dermatopatías en conejos y determinar el efecto terapéutico de tres tratamientos fitoterapéuticos 1) Jícaro Sabanero, 2) madero negro y 3) Neem, sobre las mismas, se realizó un estudio en el Rancho Agropecológico en especies menores, Ebenezer (RAEME), Niquinohomo, Nicaragua. El trabajo se realizó en 59 conejos divididos en cuatro grupos y sometidos a los diferentes tratamientos. Para evaluar la efectividad de los tratamientos se realizaron 3 aplicaciones de cada uno de ellos a sus respectivos grupos, con intervalos de siete días cada uno, durante 21 días; a excepción del jícaro que se aplicó tres días continuos, cada siete días, durante 21 días. Se determinó que los principales agentes etiológicos presentes en el estudio, fueron el ácaro Listrophorus sp, los hongos Mucor sp, Aspergillus sp, zygomices sp, Penicillium sp. De los tres tratamientos aplicados, el tratamiento a base de Neem (Azadirachta indica) fue el que presentó un efecto altamente significativo (P< 0.0001)sobre el control de las dermopatías y permitió un mejor grado de recuperación de los conejos tratados. El tratamiento a base de jícaro (Crescentia alata) presenta algún grado de efectividad para el control de las dermopatías encontradas. El tratamiento a base de madero negro (Gliricidia sepium ), presentó muy poca efectividad en el control de las dermopatías en estudio.

Infrared Magnitude-Redshift Relations for Luminous Radio Galaxies

Infrared magnitude-redshift relations for the 3CR and 6C samples of radio galaxies are presented for a wide range of plausible cosmological models, including those with non-zero cosmological constant OmegaLambda. Variations in the galaxy formation redshift, metallicity and star formation history are also considered. The results of the modelling are displayed in terms of magnitude differences between the models and no-evolution tracks, illustrating the amount of K-band evolution necessary to account for the observational data. Given a number of plausible assumptions, the results of these analyses suggest that: (i) cosmologies which predict T_0xH_0>1 (where T_0 denotes the current age of the universe) can be excluded; (ii) the star formation redshift should lie in the redshift interval 5

Efecto de diferentes dosis de N.P.K. sobre el rendimiento agroindustrial de la variedad L-68-90 (Saccharum sp hibrido); en caña planta

El presente estudio se realizó de junio de 1992 a marzo de 1993 en El Ingenio Victoria de Julio. Se evaluó el efecto de 13 dosis de N-P-K (0-60-60, 40-60-60, 80-60-60, 120-60-60, 40-0-60, 40-30-60, 80-0-60, 80-30-60, 40-9Ó-60, 120-0-60, 120-30-60, 120-60-0 y 120-60-30), sobre el cultivo de la caña de azúcar (Saccharum sp. híbrido), las cuales se compararon con e1 testigo (0-0-0). Se plantó la variedad L 68-90. El diseño experimental utilizado fue de Bloques Completos al Azar modificado, las variables analizadas fueron: brotación, diámetro, altura, población, rendimiento agrícola, rendimiento industrial y rendimiento agro industrial. Los datos que se obtuvieron se sometieron al análisis de varianza y separación de medías según Tukey a un 5 % de margen de error. En ninguna de las variables evaluadas se observó diferencia estadística significativa. Con respecto a la Germinación el mayor porcentaje fue de 75.33 porciento y correspondió a los tratamientos 120-60-0 y 40-30-60. El mayor diámetro fue de 2.73 cm habiéndose obtenido con el tratamiento 120-60-30. La mayor altura se obtuvo con el tratamiento 40-30-60 y fue de 2.94 cm. La población mayor fue de 231 750 tallos/ha correspondiendo al tratamiento 40-30-60. El mayor rendimiento agrícola se logró con el tratamiento 80-0-60 y fue de 86.23 t/ha. El mayor rendimiento industrial fue de 93.80 kg/t correspondiendo éste al tratamiento 120-0-60. El mayor rendimiento agro-industrial se obtuvo con el tratamiento 80-0-60 siendo éste valor de 7.675 t/ha.

Rendimiento agroindustrial de la variedad L 68-40 (Sacharum SP) en respuesta a las aplicaciones de N, P y K, cultivada en un suelo rojo en caña planta

El presente estudio se realizó en el ingenio AGROINSA, de junio de 1994 a febrero de 1995. Se evaluó el rendimiento agro­ industrial en caña de azúcar . Se plantó la variedad L 68-40. El diseño experimental utilizado fue el de Bloques Completamente Azarizado (BCA), las variables analizadas fueron brotación, ahijamiento, diámetro, población, altura, peso promedio de tallos, rendimiento agrícola, rendimiento industrial y rendimiento agro-industrial. Los datos que se obtuvieron se sometieron al análisis de varianza y de regresión, además se realizó la separación de medias según Duncan a un 5 % de margen de error. En todas las variables evaluadas se observó diferencia significativa a excepción del diámetro y el rendimiento industrial, siendo el nitrógeno el elemento que presentó mayor influencia positiva, no encontrándose ningún efecto para el fósforo y el potasio. Las mejores dosis de nitrógeno para producir el 90 por ciento del rendimiento máximo agrícola y agro-industrial, obtenida a través del modelo matemático cuadrático fueron 58 y 55 kg/ha de N, respectivamente.