Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 499]

Quando a Constituinte terminar esta fase do trabalho, começa a votação em segundo turno de tudo o que já foi aprovado. No segundo turno, nada pode ser acrescentado ao texto, mas pode haver emenda supressiva, ou seja, muita coisa já aprovada pode ser retirada. Alguns constituintes lembram que houve avanços, principalmente na área dos direitos sociais, que devem permanecer no texto. Todavia, muitos constituintes acham que alguns direitos dos trabalhadores não devem permanecer no texto constitucional, assim como algumas das matérias que dizem respeito às restrições ao capital estrangeiro. Constituintes temem a interferência do Governo na votação, no segundo turno, suprimindo matérias aprovadas no primeiro turno.

Asociación Argentina de Limnología (AAL)

Este año se cumplieron veinticinco años de la creación de la Asociación Argentina de Limnología. En 1984, en la vieja aula magna de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (en esa época esta unidad académica funcionaba en las instalaciones del Museo de La Plata) un conjunto de mujeres y hombres relacionados con esta disciplina concretaban ese ansiado anhelo aprobando los fundamentos de su formación y eligiendo su primer comisión directiva. Los años siguientes fueron de gran impulso concretando la realización de talleres reuniones, ediciones de boletines y una gran comunicación entre sus asociados. En 1991 se realiza la primer reunión internacional en la ciudad de La Plata con gran repercusión y convocatoria, posteriormente se hacen los congresos de 1994 y 1998 en la ciudades de Tucumán y Buenos Aires respectivamente. A partir de esta fecha comienza a diluirse la actividad de la asociación para desaparecer en los primeros años del presente siglo. No obstante, ya sin el marco de la asociación, se realizan congresos en 2004 y 2008, en las ciudades de Chascomús y San Carlos de Bariloche respectivamente, con singular éxito. Este archivo es una pequeña muestra de algo que unió a un grupo de profesionales con un objetivo común: el desarrollo y proyección regional de esta disciplina. A simple vista lo podríamos calificar de un nuevo fracaso, ya que tuvo el mismo fin de la ALOA (Asociación Limnológica y Oceanográfica Argentina), pero no sería totalmente cierto, ya que la magnitud de las últimas reuniones nos indica que el crecimiento de esta ciencia es importante. Por ello, me parece adecuado que dejemos a un sociólogo y un historiador de la ciencia la interpretación de este fragmento de la rica historia del “limnobios” en nuestro país.

Asociación Latino-Americana de Ictiólogos y Herpetólogos (ALAIH)

Recopilación histórica de la ALAIH

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Francisco Juan José Risso Ceriani.

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Hendrik Weyenbergh.

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 462]

O líder do PMDB, senador Mário Covas reuniu hoje os vice-líderes do partido para repassar o acordo feito com o Centrão em torno do capítulo 2, do título 3. Este capítulo trata da competência e dos bens da União. Pertencem à União por exemplo, o mar territorial, os recursos minerais, lagos, ilhas e rios, além do subsolo e das terras indígenas. Pelo acordo, esse bens continuam de posse da União, que dará concessões à iniciativa privada para a sua exploração. Os recursos minerais e os recursos do subsolo são bens da União. Uma emenda que concede royalties aos estados e municípios pela exploração de petróleo, energia hidráulica e elétrica e gás natural em seus territórios foi aprovada. Foi aprovada também a emenda que suprimiu do texto do Centrão a expressão "posse imemorial das terras indígenas", para que o texto ficasse de acordo com a realidade brasileira.

Evidence for classification of c.1852_1853AA > GC in MLH1 as a neutral variant for Lynch syndrome

Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant inherited cancer syndrome characterized by early onset cancers of the colorectum, endometrium and other tumours. A significant proportion of DNA variants in LS patients are unclassified. Reports on the pathogenicity of the c.1852_1853AA>GC (p.Lys618Ala) variant of the MLH1 gene are conflicting. In this study, we provide new evidence indicating that this variant has no significant implications for LS. Methods: The following approach was used to assess the clinical significance of the p.Lys618Ala variant: frequency in a control population, case-control comparison, co-occurrence of the p.Lys618Ala variant with a pathogenic mutation, co-segregation with the disease and microsatellite instability in tumours from carriers of the variant. We genotyped p.Lys618Ala in 1034 individuals (373 sporadic colorectal cancer [CRC] patients, 250 index subjects from families suspected of having LS [revised Bethesda guidelines] and 411 controls). Three well-characterized LS families that fulfilled the Amsterdam II Criteria and consisted of members with the p.Lys618Ala variant were included to assess co-occurrence and co-segregation. A subset of colorectal tumour DNA samples from 17 patients carrying the p.Lys618Ala variant was screened for microsatellite instability using five mononucleotide markers. Results: Twenty-seven individuals were heterozygous for the p.Lys618Ala variant; nine had sporadic CRC (2.41%), seven were suspected of having hereditary CRC (2.8%) and 11 were controls (2.68%). There were no significant associations in the case-control and case-case studies. The p.Lys618Ala variant was co-existent with pathogenic mutations in two unrelated LS families. In one family, the allele distribution of the pathogenic and unclassified variant was in trans, in the other family the pathogenic variant was detected in the MSH6 gene and only the deleterious variant co-segregated with the disease in both families. Only two positive cases of microsatellite instability (2/17, 11.8%) were detected in tumours from p.Lys618Ala carriers, indicating that this variant does not play a role in functional inactivation of MLH1 in CRC patients. Conclusions: The p.Lys618Ala variant should be considered a neutral variant for LS. These findings have implications for the clinical management of CRC probands and their relatives.

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 545]

Rejeição pelo Plenário da proposta do Centrão sobre reforma agrária. Busca de acordo pelos Líderes entre o texto do Centrão e a proposta apresentada pela Comissão de Sistematização. Inclusão da definição de empresa brasileira de capital nacional na nova Carta Magna. Resguardo do patrimônio nacional. Autorização da distribuição dos derivados de petróleo por empresas multinacionais. Necessidade de regulamentação da remessa de lucros obtidos por empresas de capital estrangeiro.

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 583]

Votação dos direitos dos povos indígenas. Reconhecimento do direito de posse permanente de terras ocupadas pela comunidade indígena. Eliminação da proposta que distinguia índios aculturados de índios não aculturados. Possibilidade do índio recorrer ao Poder Judiciário para garantir o cumprimento de seus direitos. Condicionamento da ocupação de terras indígenas ao interesse da União. A matéria vai ser regulamentada por lei complementar.

Association between CASP8-652 6N Del Polymorphism (rs3834129) and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results from a Multi-Centric Study

The common 2652 6N del variant in the CASP8 promoter (rs3834129) has been described as a putative low-penetrance risk factor for different cancer types. In particular, some studies suggested that the deleted allele (del) was inversely associated with CRC risk while other analyses failed to confirm this. Hence, to better understand the role of this variant in the risk of developing CRC, we performed a multi-centric case-control study. In the study, the variant 2652 6N del was genotyped in a total of 6,733 CRC cases and 7,576 controls recruited by six different centers located in Spain, Italy, USA, England, Czech Republic and the Netherlands collaborating to the international consortium COGENT (COlorectal cancer GENeTics). Our analysis indicated that rs3834129 was not associated with CRC risk in the full data set. However, the del allele was under-represented in one set of cases with a family history of CRC (per allele model OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69-0.90) suggesting this allele might be a protective factor versus familial CRC. Since this multi-centric case-control study was performed on a very large sample size, it provided robust clarification of the effect of rs3834129 on the risk of developing CRC in Caucasians.

Phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of histone H1: effects on secondary structure and DNA condensation

Linker histone H1 plays an important role in chromatin folding. Phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinases is the main post-translational modification of histone H1. We studied the effects of phosphorylation on the secondary structure of the DNA-bound H1 carboxy-terminal domain (CTD), which contains most of the phosphorylation sites of the molecule. The effects of phosphorylation on the secondary structure of the DNA-bound CTD were site-specific and depended on the number of phosphate groups. Full phosphorylation significantly increased the proportion of -structure and decreased that of -helix. Partial phosphorylation increased the amount of undefined structure and decreased that of -helix without a significant increase in -structure. Phosphorylation had a moderate effect on the affinity of the CTD for the DNA, which was proportional to the number of phosphate groups. Partial phosphorylation drastically reduced the aggregation of DNA fragments by the CTD, but full phosphorylation restored to a large extent the aggregation capacity of the unphosphorylated domain. These results support the involvement of H1 hyperphosphorylation in metaphase chromatin condensation and of H1 partial phosphorylation in interphase chromatin relaxation. More generally, our results suggest that the effects of phosphorylation are mediated by specific structural changes and are not simply a consequence of the net charge.

Presio ultzeren agerpen arriskua: Iritzi klinikoa eta balorazio eskalen arteko konparaketa

Presio ultzerak osasun publikoaren arazo bat dira, asaldura fisiko, psikologiko, ekonomiko eta sozial asko eragiten dituztelako. Ultzerak tratatzeko hainbat modu ezagutzen dira, baina argi dago tratamendu onena prebentzioa dela. Haien agerpena saihesteko ezinbestekoa da ultzera bat pairatzeko arriskua baloratzea. Hau egiteko profesionalek iritzi edo epaiketa klinikoa erabili dezakete (haien esperientziaren bitartez ultzera begi bistaz baloratu) edo eskala protokolizatuak erabili ditzakete. Lan honetan, berrikuspen bibliografiko baten bitartez, gehien erabiltzen diren balorazio eskalei buruzko informazioa lortu da. Beste aldetik, iritzi klinikoaren eta balorazio eskalen eraginkortasun klinikoa konparatu da. Azkenik, eskalak euren artean konparatu dira, bakoitzaren ezaugarriak aztertuz. Eskala asko argitaratu egin dira denboran zehar baina gehien balioztatuak eta erabilienak bost dira: Braden, Norton, EMINA, Waterlow eta Cubbin-Jackson. Eskalen artean Braden eta Norton dira eraginkorrenak (hurrenez hurren), Waterlow postu baxuago batean geratuz. EMINA gutxiago erabiltzen da, baina bere eraginkortasuna Braden-en antzekoa da. Dena den, hau baieztatzeko ikerketa gehiago behar dira. Cubbin-Jackson oso eraginkorra da ere baina bere erabilpena paziente akutuetan bereizita dago. Eskalen harrera profesionalen partetik nahiko ona izan da. Haien erabilpena erraza dela diote gehienek, eta ia erdiek metodo hau erabiltzen dute arriskua baloratzeko. %20ak epaiketa eta eskalak batera erabiltzen dituzte, eskalei garrantzia handiena emanez. Frogatu izan da eskalek epaiketa klinikoarekin konparatuz sentsibilitate altuagoa daukatela, hau da, arriskuan dauden paziente kopuru gehiago detektatuko dituztela, nahiz eta bi metodoen efikazia antzekoa izan. Eskalek beraz, faktore gehiago kontuan hartu eta pazientea modu zehatzago batean aztertzen dute. Orokorrean esan daiteke eskalak eraginkorrak direla baina ikerketa gehiago behar dira balidazio sakonago bat egiteko.