Estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por praticantes de Artes Marciais

O presente estudo teve por objetivos, descrever as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por praticantes de artes marciais; relacionar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por praticantes iniciantes em artes marciais com aquelas utilizadas por praticantes formados; e relacionar as estratégias de enfrentamento ao tempo de pratica das artes marciais. Participaram 94 sujeitos do sexo masculino, numa faixa etária de 15 até 56 anos, com nível de instrução médio, praticantes de: Kung Fu Chinês, Kung Fu Vietnamita (Qwan Ki Do), Taekwondo e Karatê, artes marciais de contato semelhantes tecnicamente. Foram distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 67 praticantes com tempo de pratica superior a 12 meses podendo ser ou não formados faixa-preta, ou seja, aqueles que tiveram experiência, treino e estudo necessários exigidos dentro de sua modalidade marcial e entre esses estão incluídos também os que se formaram e lecionam e o Grupo 2 - 27 praticantes chamados iniciantes, com tempo de prática compreendido até 12 meses. Utilizou-se a Escala de Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas: EMEP e um Questionário. Os dados foram submetidos ao Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), versão 15.0 para Windows, para analise estatística descritiva e r-Person. Os resultados indicaram que quanto ao uso de estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por estes praticantes de artes marciais não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os dois diferentes grupos. Numa compreensão conforme o ponto médio da escala pôde-se observar que as estratégias de enfrentamento focado no problema e busca de suporte social, apresentaram uma média de utilização (estável); isso significa que os sujeitos utilizam-nas dentro de um padrão adequado em ambos os grupos. É interessante também observar que com relação à estratégias focadas na emoção, estas estão entre as menores médias observadas. Isto significa que os sujeitos praticantes de artes marciais utilizam menos estas estratégias, denotando pouco mais de controle emocional em relação às outras estratégias. Outros aspectos interessantes, dizem respeito a um índice significativo, ou uma relação entre os anos de ensino e busca de suporte social entre os sujeitos do Grupo 1 (formados que lecionam). Pode-se entender que quanto mais tempo essas pessoas se dedicam ao ensino, mais estratégias de suporte social eles desenvolvem. De um ponto de vista lógico, pode-se dizer que essa convivência com alunos durante os anos que o sujeito leciona, também favorece um melhor contato social.

Estratégias de enfrentamento e avaliação de stress em adolescentes atletas

O presente estudo teve por objetivos: a) descrever estratégias de enfrentamento (coping) utilizados por adolescentes atletas participantes de competições; b) descrever e relacionar os tipos de enfrentamento desses adolescentes segundo a prática esportiva individual e coletiva c) identificar o nível de stress desses atletas; d) relacionar as estratégias de enfrentamento com grau de stress. Selecionou-se por critério aleatório e conveniência, uma amostra de 141 atletas-adolescentes, estudantes, com idades entre 15 e 18 anos, sendo 66 meninas e 75 meninos. Estes eram estudantes do ensino médio de escolas privadas da região da Grande São Paulo, atletas que treinavam e participavam de competições esportivas de âmbito escolar e alto rendimento em categorias de base. Utilizou-se uma escala auto-aplicável de enfrentamento (coping) para adolescentes, composta por 80 itens, e um inventário de stress composto por 44 itens. Os resultados indicaram qure na amostra geral houve maior emprego da estratégia de aproximação; porém, numa separação em sub-grupos foram verificadas diferenças quanto ao gênero, pois as houve predomínio da estratégia de evitação entre as meninas. Quanto ao tipo de esporte coletivo e individual não se encontraram diferenças significativas, mestre entre meninos e meninas. O grau de stress esteve em média normal na amostra geral, porém quando se separa meninos e meninas, observou-se maior presença de sintomas entre os meninos e entre atletas praticantes da modalidade individual - xadrez. Também não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na correlação entre enfrentamento e stress. Entendeu-se que esse tipo de investigação pode auxiliar na compreensão desses jovens praticantes de esporte, bem como se levanta a hipótese de que a prática esportiva escolar, ainda que em nível de competição, pode ter uma influência positiva, tanto no enfrentamento quanto na administração do stress entre esses jovens.

ESTRATÉGIAS DE EXPANSÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR PRIVADAS NO BRASIL: ESTUDO DE CASO DO CURSO DE BACHARELADO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO

A dissertação teve como objetivo principal estudar como uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Privada (IES) atuante no Brasil tem crescido pós Lei de Diretrizes e Bases (LDB) de 1996 até 2015, por meio da análise do curso de bacharelado em Administração de Empresas, nas modalidades: presencial, EAD e Flex (semipresencial). Para este fim, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, de caráter qualitativo baseada no método do estudo de caso. Para coleta de evidências foram analisados relatórios corporativos (Annual Report, Relatórios Internos e outros documentos), entrevistas baseadas em roteiro semiestruturado com gestores da IES privada e observações. Dentre os principais achados, verificou-se que as principais estratégicas de crescimento da IES privada estudada se basearam em fusões e aquisições de outras IES, abertura de novos polos de EAD, na abertura de novas unidades próprias, bem como em inovações em várias dimensões da organização. Os programas governamentais de financiamento aos alunos também são fortes contribuintes para este crescimento, como o Fundo de Financiamento ao Estudante do Ensino Superior (FIES) e o Programa Universidade para Todos (Prouni). Com essa nova realidade, o ensino superior privado recebeu incentivo e facilitação para o seu crescimento, a um ritmo acelerado. Consequentemente pode-se concluir que a IES privada estudada adotou as seguintes estratégias de crescimento: Expansão orgânica com fusões/ aquisições de Instituições menores, com desenvolvimento de planos para todos os campi Brasil; Greenfield (por meio de solicitação de autorização de novas unidades e/ou cursos) em cidades sem possibilidades de aquisições/fusões, e aumentando o número de vagas/ matriculas nas unidades já existentes, aderiu aos programas do governo e também cuidou da evasão por meio de: Seguro educacional; gestão preparada para atender necessidades do discente; Sistema de Ensino com currículos integrados nacionalmente; Intercâmbio de alunos e professores entre as diversas unidades em todas as regiões do país e padronização dos processos.

Estratégias de busca reativa utilizando aprendizagem por reforço e algoritmos de busca local

Técnicas de otimização conhecidas como as metaheurísticas tem conseguido resolversatisfatoriamente problemas conhecidos, mas desenvolvimento das metaheurísticas écaracterizado por escolha de parâmetros para sua execução, na qual a opção apropriadadestes parâmetros (valores). Onde o ajuste de parâmetro é essencial testa-se os parâmetrosaté que resultados viáveis sejam obtidos, normalmente feita pelo desenvolvedor que estaimplementando a metaheuristica. A qualidade dos resultados de uma instância1 de testenão será transferida para outras instâncias a serem testadas e seu feedback pode requererum processo lento de “tentativa e erro” onde o algoritmo têm que ser ajustado para umaaplicação especifica. Diante deste contexto das metaheurísticas surgiu a Busca Reativaque defende a integração entre o aprendizado de máquina dentro de buscas heurísticaspara solucionar problemas de otimização complexos. A partir da integração que a BuscaReativa propõe entre o aprendizado de máquina e as metaheurísticas, surgiu a ideia dese colocar a Aprendizagem por Reforço mais especificamente o algoritmo Q-learning deforma reativa, para selecionar qual busca local é a mais indicada em determinado instanteda busca, para suceder uma outra busca local que não pode mais melhorar a soluçãocorrente na metaheurística VNS. Assim, neste trabalho propomos uma implementação reativa,utilizando aprendizado por reforço para o auto-tuning do algoritmo implementado,aplicado ao problema do caixeiro viajante simétrico e ao problema escalonamento sondaspara manutenção de poços.

Estratégias de cuidados por familiares de portadores de transtornos mentais severos residentes na zona rural do alto sertão paraibano

In the current configuration of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, family plays a key role in mental health care: shared responsibility and active participation in the process of rehabilitation of people with severe mental disorders. It´s considered that the family member who cares can help users in their daily tasks and articulating trajectories, networks and ways to potentiate social connections. This research was motivaded by interest in the subject and by the lack of research and studies about this reality in rural areas. This study aimed to identify ways of mental health care by relatives of severe mental disorder patients living in rural zone located at sertão of Paraiba. Methodologically was made a work with qualitative research structured in two moments. In the first one, was held a Documentary Research in CAPS II in order to identify: a) users living in rural that had a history of at least one psychiatric hospitalization, b) users who no longer use the reference service (CAPS II) for at least one year. The second stage consisted by home visits and semi-structured interviews with eleven families in rural areas. Results pointed out a profile composed by 56 users: 56 women and 26 men aged between 50 and 64 years, unmarried, without study, farmers and housewives, living six miles from CAPS II and carriers with severe mental disorders. Strategies and resources used by the families for mental health care were: religion, work, medication and help from relatives, neighbors and community. Factors related to non-use of substitute services were lack of internment in CAPS II and lack of money and transportation. The hospital, the house arrest, the police aid and religion were strategies used by family members as support to psychiatric crises. The data pointed to non-solving of care offered by psychosocial support network and the importance of redirecting practices aligned to the asylum model in favor of psychosocial strategies that aimed at rehabilitation and community participation in mental health care

Estratégias de enfrentamento de pessoas vivendo com AIDS frente à situação da doença

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), considered today one chronic nature of the disease due to the advent of antiretroviral therapy (TARV), brings to individuals living with this disease, difficulties related to social interaction and adaptation to new physical condition and the routines imposed by the treatment. This reality has a strong impact on the lives of these people in order of overcoming them use coping strategies, Coping. In this context, the aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiological, clinical and life habits of people living with AIDS and analyze the coping strategies used with the situation of the disease, according to sociodemographic, clinical and life habits. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 331 people registered at the clinic of the Hospital Giselda Trigueiro (HGT), located in Natal / RN, who had scheduling for outpatient medical consultation from January to August 2014. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte with the Presentation of Certificate for Ethics Assessment (CAAE), paragraph 16578613.0.0000.5537. The data of social characterization showed predominance of men (52%), young people (42%) coming from the capital (58%), mulatto (53%), single (56%), heterosexual (79%), poor (68 %). With regard to clinical aspects it has been found that most held the first HIV testing for less than five years (60%) had signs and symptoms of AIDS before the examination (90%) were hospitalized (90%) started ART for less than five years (60%) believe they have good knowledge of the disease (75%) and believe that their health has improved (92%). For lifestyle, it became clear that most do not consume alcohol (71%), do not smoke (88%) and do not use illicit drugs (92%) and never used condoms before diagnosis (62%) and only 192 (58%) use the currently codon. With regard to the reference was higher coping focused modes of emotion, although the problem solving has been the second most common. The mean scores of women, workers, religious and never abandoned the treatment were higher for all factors. Having a partner, living with family members and support in the treatment had higher average scores for various factors, coinciding in the confrontation, withdrawal and social support. As for the leisure and physical exercise also dominated the modes focused on emotion as was seen in the correlation between the time of treatment, education and family income and IEEFL factors, although with low intensity. The profile of the study population confers with national characteristics, suggesting feminization, internalization, pauperization, heterosexual, increased CD4 cell count and viral load reduction during treatment and maintaining healthy lifestyle habits. Coping strategies used were more focused on emotion. In this context, it is understood that the identification of these strategies can facilitate care planning, encouraging such persons to adapt to stressors with the situation of the disease

O estrategista em perspectiva: um estudo sobre o processo de formação de estratégias no ramo varejista de construção civil de Natal e região metropolitana

The strategy research have been widespread for many years and, more recently, the process of formation of the strategies in the individual perspective has also gained attention in academia. Confirming this trend, the goal of this study is to discuss the process of formation of the strategies from an individual perspective based on the three dimensions of the strategic process (change, thinking and formation) proposed by De Wit and Meyer (2004). To this end, this exploratory-descriptive study used the factor analysis techniques, non-parametric correlation and linear regression to analyze data collected from the decision makers of the 93 retail in the industry of construction supplies in the Natal and metropolitan area. As a result, we have that the formation factors of the dimensions investigated were identified in the majority, thus confirming the existence of paradoxes in the strategic process, and that there is a relationship between logical thinking and deliberate formation with the hierarchical level of decision makers.

Estratégias para obtenção de adequada iluminação natural em escolas: uma análise de sistemas de aberturas para Natal/RN

The purpose of this research is to analyze different daylighting systems in schools in the city of Natal/RN. Although with the abundantly daylight available locally, there are a scarce and diffuse architectural recommendations relating sky conditions, dimensions of daylight systems, shading, fraction of sky visibility, required illuminance, glare, period of occupation and depth of the lit area. This research explores different selected apertures systems to explore the potential of natural light for each system. The method has divided into three phases: The first phase is the modeling which involves the construction of three-dimensional model of a classroom in Sketchup software 2014, which is featured in follow recommendations presented in the literature to obtain a good quality of environmental comfort in school settings. The second phase is the dynamic performance computer simulation of the light through the Daysim software. The input data are the climate file of 2009 the city of Natal / RN, the classroom volumetry in 3ds format with the assignment of optical properties of each surface, the sensor mapping file and the user load file . The results produced in the simulation are organized in a spreadsheet prepared by Carvalho (2014) to determine the occurrence of useful daylight illuminance (UDI) in the range of 300 to 3000lux and build graphics illuminance curves and contours of UDI to identify the uniformity of distribution light, the need of the minimum level of illuminance and the occurrence of glare.

A escrita no Ensino Fundamental II: uma análise dos desvios ortográficos e sugestões de estratégias de intervenção

This paper presents a reflection on the written language, a social practice that is increasingly strengthened in everyday life. Unveiling its nature, organization and function must be the first step for teachers to change their posture towards the teaching of this linguistic mode, helping students use it more effectively and securely. Considering these principles, this dissertation seeks to understand on the light of contemporary linguistic theories, the factors that influence the writing deviations were found in the text production of students of the 8th grade of elementary school II, enrolled in a public school in Rio Grande do Norte, whereas those deviations reveal the beginning of learning of this communication tool, representing the first hypotheses raised by students to dominate it. To analyze the data we used the works done by Lemle (1995), Cagliari (2009), Carraher (1985), Zorzi (1998), Guimarães (2005), Miller (2008), Veçossi (2010), among others, starting from of which, the scientific production on reading and writing learning come developing. The results of this analysis showed that the writing deviations present in the texts of the students are motivated not only by lack of knowledge of standard orthographic of the Portuguese language, but, also, stem from phonetic, phonological and grammatical factors. Thus, we seek to present new teaching and learning strategies of writing that might lead students to reflect on the use of the same, developing this ability more critically and creatively. We believe that the activities presented can minimize writing with orthographic deviations or linguistic variation practiced by students. Keywords: Variances writing, spelling, teaching strategies and students

A escrita no ensino fundamental II: uma análise dos desvios ortográficos e sugestões de estratégias de intervenção

Why students of 6th year still present oral marks in written? To answer this question our paper presents what they are and how writing and grammatical deviations occur and emerged in an attempt to expand on these studies. The same objective to evaluate the presence of these deviations in genres produced by students of the 6th year of the Municipal School Manoel Catarino Filho and check if there are more variation deviations or grammatical deviations. It also aims to improve the linguistic and discursive ability of students in various traffic environments of certain genres and consequently the formation of active readers and writers. In order to better understand how this process occurs, the text starts of the socio discursive conception of gender, with the theoretical background studies of Bakhtin (1992) and Marcuschi (2002) about this conception and the rhetoric conception of Aristoteles and Platão. The text underlies even the works of Callou (2007), Neves (2003), Faraco (2002), Franchi (2006) and Cagliari (2005) on the Grammar School, linguistic variation as also on the sociolinguistic parameters as well in research on the phonetics and phonology of Oliveira e Nascimento (1990), Seara (2009), Hora (2009) and in the PCN. To compose the corpus of this study we collected 23 texts produced by students to serve as a data source for analysis of the presented deviations by quantitative and qualitative research method, in which categorize the deviations found in two groups: oral and linguistic variation deviations and writing and grammar deviations. The results showed that there was a rate of occurrence of oral and variation deviations greater of writing and grammar deviations. We concluded that the orality has a great influence on the written production of students. Finally, we propose some activities aimed at minimizing the occurrence of deviations in written productions of the students.

Narrativa transmídia e a expansão do universo ficcional: os princípios e as estratégias de transmidiação da telenovela Cheias de Charme

This research analyzes the transmedia narrative television series Cheias de Charme, understood as a fictional multiplatform world, composed of several pieces distributed in different media, and into the context of media convergence. With a view to its expansion in various media controlled by production, we investigated how the principles (Jenkins 2008, 2009a, 2009b) and the strategies of expansion and spread (Fechine et al., 2013) were appropriate for fiction. To do this, literature reviews were conducted about transmidiation processes and the specifics of transmedia narrative, in order to identify possible areas of action and forms of engagement with the public. In addition, he reflected on reconfigurations of the soap opera genre in the era of participatory culture. For a better understanding of the dissertation, the observations were divided into four distinct chapters, taking as a guide and starting point the inclusion of the soap opera in the internet environment. With the aid of a descriptive research with a view to the application of the Case Study procedure in the light of Gil contributions (2010), it is believed that the proposed objectives were achieved. Finally, it was concluded that Cheias de Charme, aired by TV Globo in 2012, in time of 19h, we used creative and planned actions that have worked effectively in developing a transmedia narrative.

Narrativa transmídia e a expansão do universo ficcional: os princípios e as estratégias de transmidiação da telenovela Cheias de Charme

This research analyzes the transmedia narrative television series Cheias de Charme, understood as a fictional multiplatform world, composed of several pieces distributed in different media, and into the context of media convergence. With a view to its expansion in various media controlled by production, we investigated how the principles (Jenkins 2008, 2009a, 2009b) and the strategies of expansion and spread (Fechine et al., 2013) were appropriate for fiction. To do this, literature reviews were conducted about transmidiation processes and the specifics of transmedia narrative, in order to identify possible areas of action and forms of engagement with the public. In addition, he reflected on reconfigurations of the soap opera genre in the era of participatory culture. For a better understanding of the dissertation, the observations were divided into four distinct chapters, taking as a guide and starting point the inclusion of the soap opera in the internet environment. With the aid of a descriptive research with a view to the application of the Case Study procedure in the light of Gil contributions (2010), it is believed that the proposed objectives were achieved. Finally, it was concluded that Cheias de Charme, aired by TV Globo in 2012, in time of 19h, we used creative and planned actions that have worked effectively in developing a transmedia narrative.

Turismo e patrimônio cultural: processo de tombamento e estratégias de utilização turística do Centro Histórico de Natal/RN

In a globalized society, the relations between heritage and tourism are reflected in an ambiguous reality, shaped between the interests of preservation and the aspirations for economic benefits. On the one hand, the cities as a main generating cultural offerings needs to contemplate its heritage as a development axis, finding in the cultural tourism promotion a strategy to support the high cost of recovery and maintenance of its historical center and its expressions cultural. On the other, adds to the new requirements of demand, causing the tourism projects to turn to the cultural factor in the formation of their products, which allows municipalities to attract the growing cultural tourism segment. In this perspective, this study develops into a focused cross-cut in the analysis of Natal’s Historical City Center, in order to understand how this cultural heritage fallen has been used by the municipal administration for tourism. By understanding the heritage as a reference to identity and memory, as well as a cultural symbol of Natal society, characterized as an element surrounded by complex and strictly private situations, it identified the need for a qualitative approach to his deep understanding. The in-depth case study developed in two stages, first the realization of bibliographical and documentary research; and thereafter the interpretation of data collected through semi-structured interviews with municipal administrators and local residents. The survey results show that the official representatives of heritage are concerned about the preservation of the material dimension of the architectural heritage of the city, however, still can not reach and sensitize the local population, which seems to be part of a process that should be democratic and strengthening the sense of belonging of these people. Finally, it indicates an absence of revitalization strategies by the current municipal public administration for Natal’s Historical City Center, revealing a speech covered by a positivist interpretation of tourism, which deals with the use of assets by the scope of the marketing empiricism.

Marketing político e mídias sociais: as estratégias utilizadas no facebook e twitter de Cássio Cunha Lima PSDB/PB, nas eleições de 2014

This dissertation aims to analyze and understand the process and practices of political marketing strategies applied to social media facebook and twitter Cássio Cunha Lima - PSDB candidate for governor of Paraíba, in the 2014 elections The work is divided into three parts . The first two chapters, both of theoretical nature, underlie the discussion about the use of the Internet as a campaign space and political marketing campaign as well as the different communication strategies and electoral marketing already presented in the literature. Following, is dedicated to a topic for the presentation of the methodology and subsequently makes the discussion of empirical data analysis. Finally, we present the conclusions. The analysis takes as its starting point the models Figueiredo et al. (1998) and Albuquerque (1999) to observe the traditional strategies and suggests the inclusion of typically recorded on the Internet strategies. The methodology used for the analysis was the qualitative and quantitative content from variables that we list different campaign strategies. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, we conducted a case study as an analytical object online campaign Cássio Cunha Lima. The case study took place from the construction of a candidate's biographical and political profile, presented and discussed in the text. This research also made use of virtual ethnography. Therefore, were monitored social media facebook and twitter that political, with the help of image capture program - Greenshot by creating pre-defined categories of analysis, for example, calendar, prestige and support, negative campaign , engagement, among others. The period chosen for monitoring the candidate's official profiles was from 24 August to 28 October 2014, because it holds the pre, during and post-election where there was greater candidate drive level and his team marketing in social media selected for analysis. The results indicate that mobilization strategy (online and offline), merged with the promotion schedule, it is predominant in the social media Cassio. They also indicate that they do not show the failure of the campaign of the candidate in 2014.

Programa "Engajando famílias na escola": estratégias, possibilidades e desafios

Education and community are currently intertwined, so that social practices, situated problems and emancipation processes have, more and more, entered in the school environment. Considering this context, the expansion of studies focusing on family literacy becomes necessary for the mobilization of alternatives and actions in this area. This research forms part of the project "The habitus of study: builder of a new reality in metropolitan Natal" (CAPES/OBEDUC/UFRN) and the program "Literacies and public policies: the family at school" (MEC/PROEXT/UFRN). In view of the chosen object – family literacy – therefore, we try to: 1) discuss actions implemented in a family literacy program, with specific reference to create literacy resources to register, discuss material, events, texts, 2) actions and promote forms of interaction by the family in the school environment; 2develop bonding strategies between school and families; 3) point the impact of such experiences of family literacy. To achieve these objectives, we base the discussion on theoretical contributions of the New Literacy Studies (STREET, 1984; McLAREN, 1988; BARTON & HAMILTON, 1993; KLEIMAN, 1995, 2000), focusing on Family Literacy and Literacy Project issues. Regarding to the research paradigm, we consider the Applied Linguistics field of study and we take the qualitative model (ERICKSON, 1990; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008), with ethnographic critical approach (MOITA LOPES, 1993; THOMAS, 1993; HEATH & STREET, 2008). We understand, through our analysis, that families have much to contribute to the reality of schools, and, having seen relevance and value, these collaborators participate and act in support of the actions and the student’s education, even in the midst of complex routine situations. Still, we have learned that dialogues and activities with the community are necessary, looking forward to having involvement, local knowledge and the construction of shared learning; following this path, the collaborative environment is produced and the collaboration is effective.