Efeitos de um Protocolo Modificado da Terapia Por Contensão Induzida em Criança com Paralisia Cerebral Hemiparética

Evaluate the effects of a modifi ed ConstraintInduced Therapy intervention protocol regarding movement quality and frequency of use of the affected upper extremity on children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Longitudinal study of a single case, performed with a four year old submitted to intervention during three hours daily, for ten days, restricting the non-affected upper extremity for eight hours daily. Data were collected using the Pediatric Upper Extremity Motor Activity Log and analyzed using the arithmetic mean. Signifi cant improvement in quality of movement and frequency of use of the upper limb from pre to post-intervention were noted, maintaining the result in later data collection, besides the acquisition of functional motor skills. The modifi ed constraint-induced movement therapy protocol of this study was effective in treating the child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy, the results may be useful for professionals working with this clientele, assisting them in the intervention process.

Criança, Infância e Teoria Histórico-Cultural: convite à reflexão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicação do modelo de tutoria em tarefas de leitura e escrita para criança com dislexia do desenvolvimento

Developmental dyslexia is characterized by impairment in reading and writing as a result of changes in the cognitive-linguistic behavior. The goal of the research was to analyze and compare the performance on tasks of reading and writing in children with developmental dyslexia after a mentoring program. Participated in this study 15 children of both genders from 3rd to 7th grade public schools of a city in the State of São Paulo, with average age (M = 9.4) and (DP = 1.08) divided into GIexperimental group (7 children who received intervention) and GII – control group (8 children did not receive the intervention, they were matched according to sex and age group with GI). The children were subjected to the diagnostic survey of reading and writing and to the intervention program in Reading Recovery tutoring. The data regarding reading and writing tasks related to mentoring program were collected in CEES-Centro de Estudos de Educação e Saúde da UNESP. The results revealed statistically significant difference between the GI and GII, where children with dyslexia in the GI showed superior performance on the task of reading words and reading the book I in relation to children of the GII. It was concluded that the GI introduced significant advances compared to GII that did not receive mentoring intervention, demonstrating that due to variability of cognitive-linguistic profile of children with dyslexia, it is necessary to develop, mainly, in the school context programs with specific difficulties that focus on interventions of this population.

livros infantis adequados para uma criança com deficiência visual: a experiência de bolsistas PIBID da FFC/UNESP/Marília

This article tells the experience of some scholarship holders of Subproject PIBID Pedagogy Literacy FFC, who have developed, between its activities: planning, analysis, confection and adequacy of books of infantile histories so that they can be read and better understood for a child with visual deficiency. The idea arose from the fact that the school in which the pupil is enrolled does not have in its collection such resources. The books followed the criteria of adequacy and present in the literature of specific preparation area and the results pointed to the schoolgirl showed interest and motivation to run the task to read the stories with the adjustments that are made.

Eficácia de mobiliário escolar adaptado de baixo custo no desempenho funcional de criança com paralisia cerebral

Indivíduos com Paralisia Cerebral apresentam desenvolvimento motor atípico, caracterizado por alterações posturais, de coordenação motora e de tônus muscular, que resulta em limitações no desempenho de atividades funcionais. Neste contexto destaca-se a prescrição e confecção de recursos de tecnologia assistiva com objetivo de maximizar as habilidades funcionais destas pessoas e prover sua inclusão social. Os indivíduos com paralisia cerebral, muitas vezes, têm dificuldade para a manutenção da dinâmica corporal, principalmente na postura sentada. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de confeccionar uma cadeira e mesa escolar adaptadas com material de baixo custo e verificar sua eficácia no desempenho grafomotor de uma criança com paralisia cerebral. O participante foi uma criança com diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral diplégica, do gênero masculino. A coleta e registro dos dados foram feitos em três momentos, com a criança posicionada no mobiliário adaptado, no mobiliário escolar comum e novamente no mobiliário adaptado, para se estabelecer a comparação. A análise de dados se deu por meio de testes estatísticos não paramétricos. Não houve significância estatística e foi verificada uma inconstância nos dados apresentados, já que não se pode afirmar ao certo qual mobiliário foi mais eficaz na realização da atividade proposta e nem se houve aprendizado motor com a sua repetição. Esse fato não invalida a adequação de mobiliário escolar ao aluno com paralisia cerebral, visto que este é um fator importante para favorecer o controle e estabilidade postural ao individuo, o que interfere na coordenação motora fina destes indivíduos, influenciando no seu desempenho em atividades escolares.

Educação ambiental na educação da criança: análise de uma prática docente

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Métodos da eletrorresistividade e polarização induzida aplicados nos estudos da captação e contaminação de águas subterrâneas: uma abordagem metodológica e prática

A pesquisa teve como objetivos gerais à aplicação dos métodos geoelétricos na hidrogeologia, visando: (1) estudos para captação de águas subterrâneas para abastecimento em geral; e, (2) estudos das contaminações de solos, rochas e águas subterrâneas, envolvendo as fases de investigação preventiva, confirmatória, remediação e monitoramento. Como objetivos específicos, através da aplicação dos métodos da eletrorresistividade e polarização induzida, utilizando-se das técnicas de campo da sondagem elétrica vertical - arranjo Schlumberger e caminhamento elétrico - arranjo dipolo-dipolo, e dos parâmetros de Dar Zarrouk, tem-se uma discussão e proposição metodológica e prática, em função da geologia local, sobre os produtos obtidos por essa metodologia, tais como: caracterização geológica na identificação de aqüíferos promissores e investigação de áreas contaminadas e/ou sujeitas à contaminação. Portanto, esse trabalho procurou apresentar uma discussão sobre os principais métodos e técnicas de campo dos métodos geoelétricos aplicados em estudos hidrogeológicos, com destaque na captação para abastecimento e diagnóstico de solos, rochas e águas subterrâneas frente a poluentes. A proposição metodológica apresentada, procurou aplicar uma relação entre a resolução de métodos e técnicas com custos e prazos adequados a um trabalho envolvendo a Geofísica Aplicada em estudos hidrogeológicos. O emprego da eletrorresistividade, com as técnicas da SEV e CE, por si só, revela-se decisivo para atingir os mais variados fins envolvendo esses tipos de estudos. A resistividade elétrica dos materiais geológicos, é definida, principalmente, em função de seus constituintes mineralógicos e o tipo de fluido presente, sendo, portanto, ideal para os estudos hidrogeológicos de maneira geral. Cabe ressaltar ainda... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Tecnologia assistiva para a criança com paralisia cerebral na escola: identificação das necessidades

Studies about Assistive Technology have emphasized the need to integrate resources, services and strategies for inclusion and special education to foster the learning process and skill development of students with disabilities. The literature describes that the first step towards implementing assistive technology in schools should enable professionals to understand the situation involving the student in order to expand his or her participation in the teaching and learning process. This study aimed to identify the need for assistive technology services, resources and strategies for students with cerebral palsy in school. Two children with cerebral palsy and their teachers were selected. The data collection phase included three successive procedures: interviews with teachers, completing the identification protocol of the school routine and participant observation conducted in the classroom using filming and field diary. Based on the material gained from these three procedures, data triangulation was proposed, i.e., grouping information in a single document in order to establish categories of analysis. After preparing the material, the categories were assessed by judges from the field of knowledge. The results showed that after understanding the situation of the disabled student within the school context, it was possible to establish his or her skills and needs to indicate the appropriate assistive technology resources for the teacher's planning and thus provide proper teaching and learning for the children with disabilities. The study identified the need to establish specific procedures, an organized pedagogical plan and participation of health professionals as consultants on using assistive technology in school.

Habilidade auditiva em criança desnutrida

PurposeTo characterize and compare the performance of malnourished children and normal children in auditory processing. MethodThe sample comprised 30 children from five to ten years old, both genders, being 15 malnourished children (G1) and 15 children with adequate nutritional status, as a control group (G2). The groups were paired according to gender, age and grade level. Both groups underwent peripheral and central auditory assessment, noting that malnourished children had higher changes in the skill of sequencing score for verbal and nonverbal when compared to normal children, and the same occurred in closing skills and background figure. ResultRegarding the degree of auditory processing disorder, it was more severe in malnourished children. ConclusionChildren with malnutrition have higher frequency alterations in auditory abilities when compared to normal children, being the temporal ordering skills, auditory memory, selective attention, figure-ground and closing the most affected skills.

Prevalência do uso de chupeta e conhecimento dos educadores numa escola de educação infantil: estudo piloto

Pacifier use is very common among children, but despite being considered a harmless article, there is ample evidence of their misdeeds. Therefore, concern about its use is great for us who work in the promotion of breastfeeding. It is this delicate subject in schools because the child, in most cases, already goes to school with the habit installed. The pacifier use may interfere with speech aspect, because the child can come to the wrong talk, dental, dental occlusions, may cause bacterial contamination and encourage early weaning. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pacifier use among children of pre - school and knowledge of educators about the role of pacifier and its consequences. The research methodology was based on a questionnaire to teachers, monitors and direction and determine the prevalence of pacifier use with parents. According to the result, we developed an orientation for school. The results show that of the 57 children at the age of 4 months to 3 years, 50.88% used a pacifier, 92.98% and 96.49% used the bottle were breastfed. The guidance given after the data collection has clarified many questions for educators. We conclude that the methodology was effective because we can collect data addressing quantitative and qualitative questions and managed to get percentages on pacifier use and breastfeeding and student opinions, comments and more relevant phrases that emerged from parents and educators, complementing the result. Furthermore, through the data, it was possible to do an intervention. The results indicate that half of the children between 4 months and 3 years investigated makes use of a pacifier, so despite the advice given, it would be important to follow up these data over the next few years. We also conclude that a partnership is needed between parents and the school, because if the family does not help, you can not work in school guidance

Contaminação das águas subterrâneas por resíduos de postos de combustíveis: uma abordagem no município de Rio Claro

The contamination of underground waters is a subject of great importance, since a lot of people use this kind of source for public supply. This paperwork manages with how gas stations can contaminate these waters and what are some remediation techniques, used nowadays to solve this problem. The contamination caused by the gas stations can have its origin in the underground storage tanks when they suffer corrosion and show leaking problems. It’s a topic of great relevance, because the hydrocarbons derivated from petroleum present in the fuels can stay for a long time in the environment. Besides that, an analyses of the risk of contamination by gas stations in the city of Rio Claro was made based on three parameters: density of the gas stations, depth of the underground water and hydraulic conductivity. To achieve such goal, maps were elaborated considering those parameters individually and considering the three of them together. Analyzing those maps, it was concluded see that the spots that represent the biggest risks of contamination in Rio Claro are located southeast and center-west.

Radônio como indicador de contaminação de solos por hidrocarbonetos

Previous studies show that in areas contaminated by fuel spill (NAPL- non-aqueous phase liquids), from operational activities, transport and storage, it was possible to observe a significant decrease of ²²²Rn (radon) gas concentration in the soil, even a non-uniform distribution of this gas in top soil, even with a geological situation was practically homogeneous. These anomalies may be associated with the preference partitioning of radon in NAPLs. This work consists of applying ²²²Rn as an indicator for locating subsurface contamination by NAPLs in an area of the city of Rio Claro (SP) where, according to the “Survey of Contaminated and Rehabilitated Areas in the State of São Paulo (Environmental Sanitation and Technology Company - CETESB), there was, in the year 2007, groundwater contamination from leaks of liquid fuels. The challenges of this research are: Promulgate the use of a new tool with greater efficiency in obtaining results, in addition to generate less impact in half and have less expenditure; disseminate scientific culture promoting greater integration of C&T (culture & technology) between universities and businesses. The emanometric technique to estimate the location, number and interfacial area of NAPL in saturated and non-saturated zone, has the advantage of locating and determining plumes of free phase even when the amount of VOC's (Volatile Organic Compounds) that reaches the surface is low or non-existent. In addition, the measurement techniques ²²²Rn are quite developed. The results obtained show that, similar to the other studies, the 222Rn soil gas presents an anomalous behavior in the area bounded by NAPL plume, being possible to note a significant deficit in the concentration of the gas in spots where the saturation by NAPLs is still critical. Therefore it is concluded that this tool is really promising, but we must be careful to evaluate the initial conditions of the area, as well as the type of...

Efeitos da contaminação in situ por níquel em peixes da espécie Oreochromisniloticus (Cichlidae)

A contaminação de rios com metais pesados vêm aumentando nas últimas décadas em resposta ao crescimento do setor industrial e seus dejetos, que frequentemente são despejados no ambiente sem que o tratamento adequado seja realizado. As implicações ambientais da contaminação dos ecossistemas naturais de água doce com níquel ainda são mal compreendidas, entretanto, a demanda global por este metal e as descargas antrópicas provenientes do setor industrial só aumentam. Embora o níquel não seja considerado altamente tóxico como outros metais, ele tem a capacidade de ser bioacumulativo e é, portanto, potencialmente perigoso para os peixes. Assim, é importante que seja desenvolvida uma compreensão mais profunda da fisiologia básica do níquel em peixes, tanto como um nutriente essencial quanto como um agente tóxico. Desse modo, o presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise do potencial genotóxico e mutagênico do níquel em peixes da espécie Oreochromis niloticus (Cichlidae), e a comparação das concentrações utilizadas deste metal nos bioensaios com a concentração limite, estabelecida pelo Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). A resolução 357/05 do CONAMA, para controlar e taxar os limites máximos de contaminantes na água define que o limite máximo da concentração total de níquel permitida em corpos de água doce é de 0,025 mg/L Ni. Assim, os organismos-teste foram expostos a três diferentes concentrações de cloreto de níquel diluído, sendo que, a primeira concentração foi de 0,0125 mg/L, ou seja, metade da concentração máxima definida pelo CONAMA. A segunda concentração utilizada, 0,025 mg/L é o próprio limite de concentração estabelecido pela resolução. Por fim, a terceira concentração utilizada foi de 0,050 mg/L, que consiste no dobro da concentração máxima total de níquel permitida em corpos de água doce... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Reflexão sobre prevenção de acidentes à criança no âmbito doméstico

The aim was to reflect what action to prevent accidents used by caregivers / participants in the home. This is a prospecive cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Pediatric Inpatient Unit, Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu – Unesp, during the months from May to August 2010.A questionnaire was used in the form of check list (Annex I) on measures to prevent accidents. The participant chose two alternatives taking into consideration the order of priority in the prevention of accidents. This study shows that for the age group from 29 days to 2 years, the companions chose these preventive measures for falls, burns, poisoning and drowning, “do not put near the windows mobile” (27.8%), “no access the match, lighter and appliances (22.2%), leave toxic substances out of reach and sight of children (41.7%) and empty buckets, tubs and pools after use (27.8% ). Regarding the age group 2-6 years, the measures for these types of accidents were not put near the windows mobile (26.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (20.9% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (27.9%) and maintain tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (20.2%). For ages 6 to 10 years, the measures chosen to more such accidents were dry liquid spilled on the ground (23.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (22.5% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (31%) and keep tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (23.5%). One fact that attracted our attention was that the preventive measures most frequently used by caregivers, regardless of age, show results that differ in few alternatives. It is essential to the understanding of the escorts / participants on the importance of injury prevention. Even today is predominantly defined as accident, injury must be addressed through measures