O processo de organização social do Grupo Herança Viva de Chapecó-SC e suas estratégias de ação conjunta

The consequences resulting from economic modernization model generated social and environmental imbalances, resulting in the exclusion and social isolation, perceived consequences in the agricultural sector. When studying social organizations, tends to see how they keep their forward cooperation processes all a company incorporated by the appreciation of individualism and competition. The overall objective for this research was to analyze the organizational dynamics of Agroecology Group Heritage Viva Chapecó, Santa Catarina, in order to identify the strengths and threats and collaborate in this way for preparation of action strategies for sustainability. The selected group is based on the principles of agroecology for the conduct of their agricultural production systems, avoiding the use of agrochemicals, proven through the use of participatory certification seal Ecovida Network, and the products sold mainly in street fairs in the city of chapecó. To fulfill such a proposal were consulted the minutes of meetings and questionnaires with farmers to assess the dynamics of cooperation among its members, through the understanding of their social capital and social network analysis (SNA). To extend the study of the group and its members was adopted methodological approach of action research where activities were developed to identify strengths and weaknesses and contribute to its organizational restructuring, resulting in the construction, carried out by farmers, the guiding principles of the Living Heritage Group will contribute to the decision-making and strengthen their identity. The survey also brought the group is inserted in the Social Transition Agroecology therefore change the current paradigm is not inserted only in the alternative model of production, but in the form of organization of social actors and their role in the marketing process of their products, in discussing the scenario of food supply chains.

Diagnóstico de qualidade ambiental em unidades de conservação: o caso do Parque Estadual Vitório Piassa

Over time, humanity began to realize the negative impact that the modern world has caused to the environment. The Atlantic Forest is one of the richest biomes in biodiversity, covering more than 60% of all species on the planet. This biome covered about 15% of the Brazilian territory, leaving currently only 7% of its fully fragmented forest remnants. This was the biome that suffered most from modernization and strong anthropogenic pressures in Brazil. For the account of environmental degradation, in the second half of the nineteenth century there was a shift in thinking, giving greater emphasis on conservation of some natural landscapes, with the intention of removing the man still preserved nature. Based on American models of conservation there were created the Nature Conservation Units. This study aimed to analyze the environmental quality of the State Park Vitório Piassa, a Conservation Unit located in the city of Pato Branco - PR. The environmental quality was measured by use of bio-indicators and some environmental pressures that the Park has suffered over the years also were identified. Beetles of the familiy Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were used as the bioindicators. To compare the most conserved areas and the most degraded areas of the Park, three specific sites were defined within the Atlantic Forest fragment, these insects were captured with pitfall traps and identified as to their species and genera. There were two collections in February and March 2015, which resulted in 945 individuals in 22 species and nine different genus. Then the population of beetles in each area were classified based on ecological measures such as species richness, abundance of individuals of each species through diversity index (Shannon and Simpson) to identify the differences between the sampled groups and equitability (Pielou) to measure the distribution of the total abundance of the species in each area. To meet the objective of identifying the environmental pressures that occur in PEVP, evidence were collected through photographs, watching the field, aerial images and conversations with the resident population in the park. Similarly, if made relevant to build on the project running by the municipality for the construction of infrastructure for public viewing. These data served as subsidies to confront the current situation of the park and the current Brazilian legislation for UC's of full protection, highlighting the existing socio-environmental conflicts in the park, involving political issues and the proximity of the Conservation Unit with the urban area of the city.

Abolição da escravatura no Brasil sob o prisma da imprensa: fontes para o ensino e a pesquisa da história (1871-1885-1888)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo dar continuidade à pesquisa desenvolvida em minha especialização em História do Rio Grande do Sul, momento em que investiguei sobre as formas de divulgação das leis abolicionistas, Ventre Livre, Sexagenários e Lei Áurea através da imprensa rio-grandina do século XIX representada pelos periódicos Echo do Sul, Artista, Comercial e Diário do Rio Grande. Dando continuidade à investigação, e partindo do pressuposto de que o jornal pode ser utilizado em sala de aula como fonte de pesquisa histórica, busquei verificar como esta fonte pode ser trabalhada com alunos do ensino fundamental de forma a desenvolver sua consciência histórica. A pesquisa foi pautada em investigações na área da Educação Histórica e na teoria da Consciência Histórica de Jörn Rüsen que investiga a caracterização e os fundamentos do conhecimento histórico e sua relação com a vida prática, buscando compreender como crianças e jovens aprendem história. Usei a metodologia de pesquisa-ação privilegiando o trabalho com a interpretação da linguagem dos textos históricos e a construção de narrativas por parte dos aprendizes de uma turma do 8º ano e uma turma de 8ª série do ensino fundamental de uma escola municipal da cidade do Rio Grande, nos dois últimos meses de 2013. Constatei que é possível a construção do aprendizado de História a partir da análise de matérias jornalísticas, comparando fontes e buscando a compreensão das possibilidades do discurso dos jornais, bem como este trabalho pode ser realizado através das tecnologias digitais de forma a torná-lo prazeroso para o estudante. Algumas considerações podem ser apontadas, entre elas a necessidade do professor de história oportunizar condições de aprendizagem que propiciem ao aluno sentir-se agente na construção do conhecimento e de um ensino de história significativo, dando-lhe condições de compreender de forma mais profunda a vida humana, bem como a necessidade da utilização, por parte dos professores, da narrativa como forma de ensino-aprendizagem. Seria a utilidade prática da história.

Sentimento de pertença psicológica : uma contribuição da educação na educação social inclusiva na cidade de Arapiraca no Estado de Alagoas Brasil

ABSTRACT Background: The school needs proficiar education able to meet the needs of every child regardless of the social and physical condition linguistically. Objective: This study aims to identify the sense of psychological belonging as a contribution to inclusive social education in the city of Arapiraca / al. Method: The methodology used to conduct this study was triangulated. The quantitative, descriptive and explorative, it was .desenvolvido at a school in Arapiraca - AL, in the period from January 2014 to March 2014, having been asked 38 students and their teachers with special necessidaes. With regard to the qualitative study was chosen for conducting interviews with teachers and students. Results: We questioned 38 students with special educational needs and 20 teachers, and it was found that 25% of teachers have specific training and 75% have no specific training. As for the students most had needs intellectual level. As for the teachers felt unprepared to meet students with special educational needs. On the other hand, it is important to note that among the students surveyed most are affected by stress and depression and reported that such things happen because you often see in the classroom in situations that do not know how to solve and when they seek help, found. Conclusion: The school, set in this context has an important role follow the changes, preparing their students more consciously to exercise citizenship by providing means proficionais skilled resources to this function. It is within the perspectiva of inclusive education we believe to achieve in the future, a society where everyone has their rights respected. The sense of psychological belonging experienced by educators in the classroom has special students is part of their lives. School social inclusion is a process that involves access, retention and success of students, but that requires a lot of educator and many times that is not prepared to answer all the expectations of the particular student. Focusing on the issue of the current situation that the public school experience, is undoubtedly recognize the need for changes in their practices. The search we are undertaking it is to carry on with this discussion in order to build the mission of educators grounded in a conscious inclusion within the educational possibilities available today. Key - words: Education. Inclusion. Citizenship. Psychological, Feeling of belonging.

Impactos da adoção do padrão contábil IFRS no Brasil : houve redução na percepção do risco de seleção adversa pelos credores não bancários das empresas de capital aberto brasileiras?

Dissertação (mestrado)—UnB/UFPB/UFRN, Programa MultiInstitucional e Inter-Regional de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, 2016.

Inclusão de crianças especiais em uma escola pública de Ribeira do Pombal, Bahia, Brasil : um estudo de caso

A inclusão de crianças com necessidades especiais nas escolas comuns é uma idealização voltada para a oportunidade e o respeito à diversidade. Com a Constituição Federal Brasileira (1988), no seu capítulo III, da Educação, da cultura e do desporto, Art. 205, rege que ―A educação, direito de todos e dever do Estado e da família [...]‖ denota que lugar de criança é na escola, independente de credo, deficiência, raça e cultura. O presente estudo de caso na escola pública Rui Barbosa, situada na cidade de Ribeira do Pombal, Bahia, Brasil, pretende conhecer a práxis educativa e o perfil dos profissionais sobre a proposta e a prática pedagógica inclusiva, como também analisar o espaço físico, observando se há ou não barreiras arquitetônicas e acessibilidade para os alunos com deficiência e também a participação da família, em inserir o filho no ambiente formal. Esta investigação tem como base a revisão da literatura sobre inclusão, com a utilização, no enquadramento teórico, da legislação brasileira, entre outros autores voltados ao tema. O desenvolvimento do estudo possui característica qualitativa, através de observação, questionário, entrevista, visitas, ou seja, uma construção através do diálogo e vivência diária realizada no turno matutino. Os participantes dessa investigação foram: gestores, coordenadora da Educação Especial e coordenadora do ensino comum, professores, agentes administrativos, representante da secretaria municipal, profissional da saúde (psicóloga), famílias e alunos do ensino comum e especial. A análise dos resultados obtidos revela que a proposta inclusiva encontra-se em processo de evolução humana e arquitetônica, mas também regista-se pontos positivos no aumento de número de matrículas, ou seja, os pais estão sendo conquistados e adquirindo confiança na instituição. Os professores, apesar da insegurança, da carência de auxílio, não tratam os alunos com desdém e buscam auxiliá-los como podem e sabem. Por fim, a escola aposta num trabalho que envolva o interpessoal e intrapessoal em busca da inclusão sem obstáculos.

Meio ambiente e planejamento: a relação cidade-natureza nos Planos Urbanísticos da cidade de Natal no século XX

This research studies the relation between city and nature in the urbanity s plans from Natal RN, Brazil, during the 20th century. Investigates and analyses the main documents that bring environmental s ideas inside from the urbanity s plans of Natal; gives the historical and economical situation from the city in each period studied; features the urbanity s plans, using categories of analyses to comprehension of this instruments. Try to contribute in the bigger process of historical rescue of Natal, and stimulates new studies. It was used documental s research, and bibliographic material. It was identified four (04) kinds of plans: the ones that focus in health and aesthetic (1901, 1929, 1935) technology and science (1968), zoning and control (1974, 1984) and environment. The hints founded shows that environmental ideas were put inside of the plans by government demands, especially in 1994 s plan, almost always without popular contribution and without this population get understands its meanings and implications

Parques lineares ao longo de corpos hídricos urbanos : conflitos e possibilidades; o caso da orla do lago Paranoá – DF

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Programa de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, 2016.

Ribeira, técnica versus natureza: transformações em prol de um projeto de modernização (1860-1932)

The necessity of the insertion of the capital of Rio Grande do Norte in the world-wide commercial scene and its claim as the seat of political power, in ends of nineteenth and beginning of twentieth century, determined the direction of urban interventions undertaken by government to restructure the city. In that matter, there were several actions of improvements and embellishment in Natal, which had, as a starting point, the adequacy works of the port, located in the Ribeira quarter, with the aim of ending the physical isolation that reinforced its economic stagnation. Besides the problems faced in the opening bar of the Potengi River, and would complement the required improvements, other barriers demonstrate the tension established between the physic-geographic field and the man: the flooded and slope which connected Cidade Alta and Ribeira the first two quarters of the city.The execution of these works demanded knowledge whose domain and application it was for engineering. But, how the actions done for the engineers, in sense to transform natural areas into constructed spaces made possible the intentional conformation of the quarter of the Ribeira in a commercial and politician-administrative center, in the middle of the XIX century and beginning of the XX? Understand, therefore, the employment effects of technology on the physical-geographical Ribeira, is the objective of this work that uses theoretical and methodological procedures of Urban Environmental History, by analyzing the relationship between the environment and the man, mediated by knowledge and use of technologies. The documental research was used, as primary sources, the Messages of the Provincial Assembly Government that later became the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Norte reports and articles on specialized publications, in addition to local newspapers. The work is structured in five chapters. First, some comments about Urban Environmental History (Chapter 1) supplemented with analysis of the conceptual construction of nature in the Contemporary Era and its application in the city (chapter 02), the following chapters (03 and 04) deal with the rise of engineers as a active group in the Brazilian government frameworks and their vision about the nature inside the urban environment and it is studied how the professional technicians dealt with the improvement work of the harbor and in the shock with the natural forces. Other works that would complement this "project" of modernization and had had natural obstacles to be removed the Ribeira flood and slope constitute the subject of the fifth chapter. Finally, some final considerations retake the initial discussions aiming an association between the technique and the nature as junction elements inside the process of constitution of a Modern Natal

Tensões e contradições do processo de construção das diretrizes para a politica pública de educação infantil do campo

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2016.

Impactos socioeconômocos e ambientais e construção de cenários em áreas tradicionais e de expansão da cana-de-açúcar no N-Ne do Brasil.

2009

Dos caminhos de água aos caminhos de ferro: a construção da hegemonia de Natal através das vias de transporte (1820-1920)

At a time of changes on the territory during the 19th century, the political and socioeconomic elites of the province and later State of Rio Grande do Norte evolved a discourse in order to justify the permanence of Natal as a city holding a status of capital. In this work we analyze the means employed by the ruling classes to impose their wish to raise Natal to an outstanding position among the existing cities by intervening on the territory during a period of one hundred years (1820-1920). During that time, which was characterized by changing commercial flows and technological development, the elites interventions were essentially directed to the implementation of modes of transportation, especially the railway. We try to understand the reinforcement of Natal as a capital city not only in political and administrative terms, but mainly in a commercial and symbolic manner, through the discourse and interventions undertaken by the local administrative elites, who stimulated the creation of a set of relations on the territory that also imprinted visible marks in the capital s urban fabric. These interventions were based upon the establishment of an infrastructure for exporting the State s production, firstly through and despite the Potengi River, and later on by the construction of railways. Although the project of Natal s hegemony had been outlined before the establishment of the railway network, in both cases the ultimate objective was to reinforce and develop the capital city as a commercial urban center to the detriment of other cities

O Plano Diretor como instrumento de gestão da cidade: o caso da cidade de Fortaleza/CE

According to article 182 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, cities should perform social function, what brings the concept that the city should be a place for one to live well. For that to happen, it should be well administered by its public managers. However, so that there is a sound administration, one that really performs that social function, there must be, first, an efficient planning. We understand that such a thing occurs when the master plan is the main planning instrument of a city and serves as basis for its administration. We notice, however, that in most of the cities the master plan is formulated as a law that regulates urban planning but that both the population and the government most of the times are not aware of its importance concerning the relevant issues related to municipal administration, such as its relationship with the economy, taxation, the social issue, land use regulation, and, in summary, with all the aspects that constitute and that a municipal government should manage in the best possible way. One also knows that, in general, the attempt of city planning has always been connected to the duration of a mandate and that way public managers many times implement restricted measures aiming to just attain a political-electoral objective and publicizing their administration. That implies actions and works that in some cases have negative impacts or ones that cannot be removed from the cities. This study intends to show that the master plan should be the planning instrument guiding the municipal administration but that, however, what we note is a lack of connection between that instrument and the government guidelines of the municipal managers. In order to study what happens to the cities that have a planning which is not taken into account in its administration, we will use the city of Fortaleza, capital of the State of Ceará as a case study. Historically, in Fortaleza the public managers have seldom decided to administer the city in according to the master plans developed for it. We should emphasize that planning begins in the city quite late and until the current days it is being substituted by temporary measures. Through the analysis of the planning process and of the urban management of the city of Fortaleza, especially the master plans predicted since 1933, we explain that if such plans had been implemented, they could have been important tools for its administration to attain a social function, becoming therefore a place for one to live well

O acesso à habitação no Brasil em tempos de capitalismo financeirizado : uma análise do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Serviço Social, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Política Social, 2016.

O crescimento urbano e a problemática da conservação das características do acervo arquitectonico: O caso das alçadas da Rua Grande, São Luís-Maranhão-Brasil

Esta dissertação estuda a problemática da conservação dos alçados da Rua Grande, localizada no Centro antigo da cidade de São Luís, capital do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil, a partir do crescimento urbano ocorrido principalmente a partir do século XIX à atualidade, com interferências devido às alterações do uso do solo. Iniciado com pesquisa in loco e nos departamentos de preservação do património arquitetónico do Município, Estado e Governo Federal, este estudo busca elaborar estratégias de intervenção adaptadas às necessidades locais, visando a participação da população, com cursos de educação patrimonial e consultas públicas. Esta proposta foi possível a partir da realização de diversas etapas de trabalho, partindo do enquadramento geral e histórico de São Luís, com foco específico na Rua Grande, discorrendo sobre a importância desta via ao desenvolvimento urbano da cidade. Desta forma, com vistas a possibilitar um melhor entendimento da morfologia urbana do Centro da cidade, analisou-se a malha delimitada pelo Anel Viário, importante via perimetral à zona central. Posteriormente, seguiu-se com a caracterização do acervo arquitetónico, com pesquisa acerca dos materiais e sistemas construtivos, permitindo o entendimento das diversas anomalias observadas a partir de análise laboratorial das amostras coletadas em algumas edificações. A elaboração de Cartas Temáticas permitiu um melhor entendimento de situações como uso do solo, gabarito, estilos arquitetónicos e dos estados de conservação e preservação, contando com o estudo da legislação local, o que permitiu, posteriormente, delinear-se as estratégias de intervenção. /SUMMARY: This dissertation examines the problems related to the conservation of the facades of the Grande street, located in the old city center of São Luis, capital of the northeastern state of Maranhão, Brazil, caused by the extensive urban growth that occurred from the XIX century to the current days, with numerous interferences due to changes in the building codes. The study began with a research in the federal, state and municipal departments of architectural heritage. The main objective was to suggest strategies of intervention adapted to the local needs, with community participation such as educational courses and public consultations. This proposal was made possible after completing several phases of work, starting with the general framing and historical background of São Luis, focusing on the Grande street, portraying the important role played by this street in the urban development of the city. Thus, with the intention of allowing a better understanding of the urban morphology in the city center, an analysis was made within the area limited by the road ring that surrounds the center. The study continued with the characterization of the architectural estate, with a research about the materials and construction systems, allowing the understanding of the several anomalies observed in the laboratorial analysis on the samples gathered from some buildings. The elaboration of the Thematic Charts allowed for a better understanding of the situation, such as land use, building codes, architectural styles and level of conservation and preservation, taking into account the local regulations, which made possible to set out some strategies of intervention.