958 resultados para Argentine newspapers


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La Lanterne d’Arthur Buies, publiée à Montréal de 1868 à 1869 et inspirée de La Lanterne de Rochefort, se distingue des journaux de cette période durant laquelle le clergé, qui en contrôle un grand nombre, impose l’idée que tout bon catholique obéisse au pouvoir en place. En publiant La Lanterne, Buies s’oppose au milieu journalistique, non seulement par ses nombreuses critiques à son endroit, mais aussi par le choix du genre du pamphlet, qui confronte les normes de l’époque en empruntant une forme plus proche du discours oral et centrée essentiellement sur la dénonciation. Sans être officiellement victime de censure, le pamphlétaire subit les pressions du clergé et de la presse conservatrice, qui nuisent à ses projets de faire de son journal un grand organe de la jeunesse. Faire l’histoire de la publication de La Lanterne et son analyse littéraire, en comparaison avec la réédition de 1884, permet d’identifier les manifestations de l’ambition de Buies, qui s’oppose aux signes plus discrets indiquant les difficultés liées à la rédaction du journal. Le pamphlétaire se met en scène dans son propre journal, en interaction avec ses adversaires et ses lecteurs. De plus, l’étude de la réception de La Lanterne révèle que les rares journaux qui s’intéressent à Buies dénigrent son pamphlet, celui-ci lutte alors contre l’absence d’un véritable interlocuteur. Notre analyse du texte apporte une meilleure compréhension des objectifs de Buies et des outils dont il entendait se servir pour transformer la presse et, par là, la jeunesse canadienne. En nous intéressant à la réception, nous désirons également éclairer le fonctionnent du milieu journalistique canadien-français et comprendre le rôle que Buies a pu y tenir.

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La société québécoise a, comme toutes les sociétés, ses crimes et criminels légendaires. Or, si ces faits divers célèbres ont fait l’objet, dans les dernières décennies, de quelques reconstitutions historiographiques, on connaît beaucoup moins, en revanche, le mécanisme de leur légendarisation, le processus historique et culturel par lequel ils passent du « fait divers » au fait mémorable. C’est d’abord ce processus que s’attache à étudier cette thèse de doctorat, qui porte sur quatre crimes célèbres des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles (le meurtre du seigneur de Kamouraska [1839] ainsi que les crimes commis par « la Corriveau » [1763], par le « docteur l’Indienne » [1829] et par les « brigands du Cap-Rouge » [1834-1835]) : pour chacun de ces cas particuliers, l’analyse reconstitue la généalogie des représentations du crime et du criminel de manière à retracer la fabrication et l’évolution d’une mémoire collective. Celles-ci font chaque fois intervenir un système complexe de discours : au croisement entre les textes de presse, les récits issus de la tradition orale et les textes littéraires, l’imaginaire social fabrique, à partir de faits criminels ordinaires, de grandes figures antagoniques, incarnations du mal ou avatars du diable. Ce vaste processus d’antagonisation est en fait largement tributaire d’une époque (le XIXe siècle) où, dans les sociétés occidentales, le « crime » se trouve soudainement placé au cœur de toutes les préoccupations sociales et politiques : l’époque invente un véritable engouement littéraire pour le crime de même que tout un arsenal de savoirs spécialisés, d’idées nouvelles et de technologies destinées à connaître, mesurer et enrayer la criminalité. Dès les premières décennies du XIXe siècle, le phénomène se propage de ce côté-ci de l’Atlantique. Dans la foulée, les grands criminels qui marquent la mémoire collective sont appelés à devenir des ennemis imaginaires particulièrement rassembleurs : figures d’une altérité radicale, ils en viennent à constituer le repoussoir contre lequel, à partir du XIXe siècle, s’est en partie instituée la société québécoise.

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La présente recherche porte sur la traduction de la bande dessinée. Ce sujet, auparavant négligé par les traductologes, commence à susciter l’intérêt des chercheurs à partir les années 80. Toutefois, la plupart des travaux se sont concentrés sur l’aspect linguistique des BD. Ce mémoire, par contre, aborde la bande dessinée comme un texte multimodal. Il s’inscrit ainsi à la croisée des domaines de la traduction et de la multimodalité telle que proposée dans les travaux de Gunther Kress et Theo Van Leeuwen (2001). L’objectif de cette recherche est d’implanter un outil d’analyse pour la bande dessinée qui permettrait de rendre compte des différents modes intervenant dans le texte. Cet outil, conçu pour la présente recherche, a été développé à partir des travaux de Hatim et Mason (1990, 1997) sur les trois dimensions de la situation de communication : transaction communicative, action pragmatique et interaction sémiotique. L’analyse menée ici porte sur la traduction vers le français de la bande dessinée argentine Mujeres alteradas de Maitena Burundarena, parue sous le titre de Les déjantées.

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Face à l’émergence de la culture numérique, le marché de l’image subit depuis plusieurs années une série de mutations : obsolescence de l’argentique, difficultés des services photos de la presse écrite. Quel écho donnent les artistes, photographes ou écrivains, à cet état de crise avant tout économique du fait photographique? Assisterait-on vraiment à la mort du photographique? Cet article propose de mesurer l’impact de la révolution numérique à travers le prisme des photofictions de Joan Fontcuberta. Rejetant aussi bien les interprétations téléologiques qu’apocalyptiques de cette transition technologique, Joan Fontcuberta prend acte d’une désindexation du fait photographique, et signe une oeuvre résolument photolittéraire.

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Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur l’évolution du discours critique et théorique sur le cinéma développé par les écrivains français de l’entre-deux-guerres (1918-1939). À une époque où le cinéma prend de plus en plus de place dans la société, les écrivains s’intéressent à cette nouveauté, y réfléchissent et tentent d’élaborer des canevas à partir desquels peut se former une cinéologie, c’est-à-dire, une écriture sur le cinéma. De très nombreux textes (articles, chroniques, essais, manifestes, préfaces, biographies), issus de publications diverses (revues de cinéma, revues littéraires, revues d’art, presse quotidienne, édition), témoignent de l’engouement pour ce qui sera rapidement présenté comme un art. S’inscrivant dans un vaste réseau de diffusion, ces textes aux prémisses essayistiques laissent une place centrale à la réflexion et sont représentatifs des tendances et des enjeux de l'époque. Ainsi, ils montrent les débats autour de l’acceptation du cinéma comme art tout comme les prises de position au sujet du parlant, ils abordent les relations avec la forme de représentation rivale qu’est le théâtre, ils témoignent de la modernité du nouveau média et en proposent des définitions mettant l’accent sur certains de ses aspects – thématiques (comme le rêve et l’inconscient), pratiques (comme la dépendance vis-à-vis de l’industrie et de la finance) et techniques (comme la photogénie et le rythme). Cette production textuelle doit également être abordée comme une mémoire du cinéma où se côtoient des figures (Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, ou encore Erich von Stroheim) et des films (The Cheat, Le Cabinet du Docteur Caligari, ou Hallelujah!) dont les seules évocations fonctionnent comme des citations et des arguments appuyant les propos. En plus de la richesse des idées proposées, l'étude de la posture, l’analyse des renvois intertextuels et des inventions lexicales montrent que des écrivains comme Louis Aragon, Blaise Cendrars, Pierre Mac Orlan, Jean Prévost ou encore Marcel Pagnol, ont largement contribué à l'élaboration d’un pan du savoir cinématographique et au développement d'un discours qui place l’expérience du cinéma et celle du spectateur au centre des préoccupations cinéphiliques.

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In this paper I compare the habeas corpus systems of El Salvador, the United States and Argentina. My purpose is to develop a general understanding of the procedure for bringing the writ in each country and analyze the substantive law governing the rights of habeas corpus petitioners in each country. I evaluate the systems against the backdrop of each country’s political and legal history with respect to the writ of habeas corpus. The ultimate aim of this paper is to reform the habeas corpus law of El Salvador by analyzing the Salvadoran system as compared to the Argentine and U.S. systems. I conclude that the Argentine habeas corpus system provides a better model for the Salvadoran system than does the U.S. system. I draw this conclusion because the two countries share common foundations for their legal systems, in addition to common histories of civil war, during which there were numerous disappearances and denial of habeas corpus rights. Moreover, Argentina’s habeas corpus law protects the liberty interest of the detained individual more so than U.S. habeas corpus law. This heightened protection of the right to liberty largely results from the country’s past history of forced disappearances and incommunicado detention. Because El Salvador witnessed similar problems in its past, the Argentine model provides a good model for Salvadoran reform.

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This study analyses the role of the Press Council as a champion and guard of free speech. It discusses the extent to which the Council succeeded in achieving its statutory objective of preserving the freedom of the press and maintaining and improving the standards of newspapers and news agencies. It also examines the inherent and in-built weaknesses of the Council and suggests ways and means for restructuring and enlarging its functions.

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The general objective of the study is to examine in depth the organisation and management practices of newspaper industry in Kerala with particular reference to the marketing aspects, with a View to suggesting measures for improving the economics and the managerial efficiency of the industry. The detailed investigation into the management aspects of the industry is done with particular reference to the two most popular Malayalam dailies in Kerala, namely, the Malayala Manorama and the Mathrubhumi. The purposeful selection of these two papers for the study is amply justified as these two dailies together account for about 80 percent of the total circulation of the newspapers in Kerala. Technically speaking, both these papers are owned by organisations registered as public limited companies and are, to a large extent professionally managed. The Malayala Manorama, though a public limited company in principle, functions, however, more or less as a private company or a family concern. These two papers therefore provide a scope for studying the management of newspaper industry practically under two different organisational set up, namely private limited company and public limited company The study has been divided into eight chapters. Chapter-I spells out an introduction about the newspaper industry and its unique features.Chapter-II, deals with a review of literature, objective, scope, methodology and limitations of the study. Chapter-III deals with origin, growth and status of newspaper industry. Chapter—IV examines the cost, revenue and profitability of the Malayala Manorama and Mathrubhumi. Chapter-V deals with the Organisation and Management. Chapter-VI examines the Marketing Management of Newspapers. Chapter-VII deals with the Marketing Strategy and Performance of Malayala Manorama and Mathrubhumi: An Assessment. Chapter-VIII presents the main findings of the study.

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Màster Oficial en Construcció i Representació d'Identitats Curturals (CRIC), Curs 2008-2009, Directora: Dra. Nora Elena Catelli Quiroga

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Newspapers cover a large amount of information everyday on topics of varied interests. To a university, newspapers are essential components of communication as they cover various happenings in a university. These items of information are neither stored properly nor put in retrieval systems for future use. The news and views appeared in newspapers can effectively be organized in a digital library making use of open source software. The CUSAT digital library (http://dspace.cusat.ac.in/dspace/) has organized some news items that appeared in local newspapers about the university under a special community named “CUSAT-News”. This article describes the methods of collecting, selecting, organizing, providing access and preserving news items required by a university using DSpace open source software.

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This thesis in Thermal Flow Drilling and Flowtap in thin metal sheet and pipes of copper and copper alloys had as objectives to know the comportment of copper and copper alloys sheet metal during the Thermal Flow Drill processes with normal tools, to know the best Speed and Feed machine data for the best bushing quality, to known the best Speed for Form Tapping processes and to know the best bush long in pure copper pipes for water solar interchange equipment. Thermal Flow Drilling (TFD) and Form Tapping (FT) is one of the research lines of the Institute of Production and Logistics (IPL) at University of Kassel. At December 1995, a work meeting of IPL, Santa Catarina University, Brazil, Buenos Aires University, Argentine, Tarapacá University (UTA), Chile members and the CEO of Flowdrill B.V. was held in Brazil. The group decided that the Manufacturing Laboratory (ML) of UTA would work with pure copper and brass alloys sheet metal and pure copper pipes in order to develop a water interchange solar heater. The Flowdrill BV Company sent tools to Tarapacá University in 1996. In 1999 IPL and the ML carried out an ALECHILE research project promoted by the DAAD and CONICyT in copper sheet metal and copper pipes and sheet metal a-brass alloys. The normal tools are lobed, conical tungsten carbide tool. When rotated at high speed and pressed with high axial force into sheet metal or thin walled tube generated heat softens the metal and allows the drill to feed forward produce a hole and simultaneously form a bushing from the displacement material. In the market exist many features but in this thesis is used short and longs normal tools of TFD. For reach the objectives it was takes as references four qualities of the frayed end bushing, where the best one is the quality class I. It was used pure copper and a-brass alloys sheet metals, with different thickness. It was used different TFD drills diameter for four thread type, from M-5 to M10. Similar to the Aluminium sheet metals studies it was used the predrilling processes with HSS drills around 30% of the TFD diameter (1,5 – 3,0 mm D). In the next step is used only 2,0 mm thick metal sheet, and 9,2 mm TFD diameter for M-10 thread. For the case of pure commercial copper pipes is used for ¾” inch diameter and 12, 8 mm (3/8”) TFD drill for holes for 3/8” pipes and different normal HSS drills for predrilling processes. The chemical sheet metal characteristics were takes as reference for the material behaviour. The Chilean pure copper have 99,35% of Cu and 0,163% of Zinc and the Chilean a-brass alloys have 75,6% of Cu and 24,0% of Zinc. It is used two German a-brass alloys; Nº1 have 61,6% of Cu, 36,03 % of Zinc and 2,2% of Pb and the German a-brass alloys Nº2 have 63,1% of Cu, 36,7% of Zinc and 0% of Pb. The equipments used were a HAAS CNC milling machine centre, a Kistler dynamometer, PC Pentium II, Acquisition card, TESTPOINT and XAct software, 3D measurement machine, micro hardness, universal test machine, and metallographic microscope. During the test is obtained the feed force and momentum curves that shows the material behaviour with TFD processes. In general it is take three phases. It was possible obtain the best machining data for the different sheet of copper and a-brass alloys thick of Chilean materials and bush quality class I. In the case of a-brass alloys, the chemical components and the TFD processes temperature have big influence. The temperature reach to 400º Celsius during the TFD processes and the a-brass alloys have some percents of Zinc the bush quality is class I. But when the a-brass alloys have some percents of Lead who have 200º C melting point is not possible to obtain a bush, because the Lead gasify and the metallographic net broke. During the TFD processes the recrystallization structures occur around the Copper and a-brass alloy bush, who gives more hardness in these zones. When the threads were produce with Form Tapping processes with Flowtap tools, this hardness amount gives a high limit load of the thread when hey are tested in a special support that was developed for it. For eliminated the predrilling processes with normal HSS drills it was developed a compound tool. With this new tool it was possible obtain the best machining data for quality class I bush. For the copper pipes it is made bush without predrilling and the quality class IV was obtained. When it is was used predrilling processes, quality classes I bush were obtained. Then with different HSS drill diameter were obtained different long bush, where were soldering with four types soldering materials between pipes with 3/8” in a big one as ¾”. Those soldering unions were tested by traction test and all the 3/8” pipes broken, and the soldering zone doesn’t have any problem. Finally were developed different solar water interchange heaters and tested. As conclusions, the present Thesis shows that the Thermal Flow Drilling in thinner metal sheets of cooper and cooper alloys needs a predrilling process for frayed end quality class I bushings, similar to thinner sheets of aluminium bushes. The compound tool developed could obtain quality class I bushings and excludes predrilling processes. The bush recrystalization, product of the friction between the tool and the material, the hardness grows and it is advantageous for the Form Tapping. The methodology developed for commercial copper pipes permits to built water solar interchange heaters.

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This book investigates country-specific responses to privatisation by examining two of the most important Latin American examples of the 1990s, the Argentine and the Brazilian programmes, and one essential public service sector, electricity. In doing so, it aims to: identify the impact of privatisation on electricity sector employees in Argentina and Brazil during the 1990s; explore how the impact came about; and analyse the reasons for this impact. A multi-dimensional perspective provides a comparative analysis of privatisation processes, regulatory contexts, and results, striving to capture the phenomenon by combining insights from political and economic analysis.

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The goal of the work reported here is to capture the commonsense knowledge of non-expert human contributors. Achieving this goal will enable more intelligent human-computer interfaces and pave the way for computers to reason about our world. In the domain of natural language processing, it will provide the world knowledge much needed for semantic processing of natural language. To acquire knowledge from contributors not trained in knowledge engineering, I take the following four steps: (i) develop a knowledge representation (KR) model for simple assertions in natural language, (ii) introduce cumulative analogy, a class of nearest-neighbor based analogical reasoning algorithms over this representation, (iii) argue that cumulative analogy is well suited for knowledge acquisition (KA) based on a theoretical analysis of effectiveness of KA with this approach, and (iv) test the KR model and the effectiveness of the cumulative analogy algorithms empirically. To investigate effectiveness of cumulative analogy for KA empirically, Learner, an open source system for KA by cumulative analogy has been implemented, deployed, and evaluated. (The site "1001 Questions," is available at http://teach-computers.org/learner.html). Learner acquires assertion-level knowledge by constructing shallow semantic analogies between a KA topic and its nearest neighbors and posing these analogies as natural language questions to human contributors. Suppose, for example, that based on the knowledge about "newspapers" already present in the knowledge base, Learner judges "newspaper" to be similar to "book" and "magazine." Further suppose that assertions "books contain information" and "magazines contain information" are also already in the knowledge base. Then Learner will use cumulative analogy from the similar topics to ask humans whether "newspapers contain information." Because similarity between topics is computed based on what is already known about them, Learner exhibits bootstrapping behavior --- the quality of its questions improves as it gathers more knowledge. By summing evidence for and against posing any given question, Learner also exhibits noise tolerance, limiting the effect of incorrect similarities. The KA power of shallow semantic analogy from nearest neighbors is one of the main findings of this thesis. I perform an analysis of commonsense knowledge collected by another research effort that did not rely on analogical reasoning and demonstrate that indeed there is sufficient amount of correlation in the knowledge base to motivate using cumulative analogy from nearest neighbors as a KA method. Empirically, evaluating the percentages of questions answered affirmatively, negatively and judged to be nonsensical in the cumulative analogy case compares favorably with the baseline, no-similarity case that relies on random objects rather than nearest neighbors. Of the questions generated by cumulative analogy, contributors answered 45% affirmatively, 28% negatively and marked 13% as nonsensical; in the control, no-similarity case 8% of questions were answered affirmatively, 60% negatively and 26% were marked as nonsensical.

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Este trabajo analiza la representación ofrecida por los principales periódicos colombianos (El Tiempo, El Heraldo, El País y El Espectador) sobre las controvertidas relaciones entre narcotráfico y guerrilla, en un periodo que abarca entre los años 1979 y 2002, tiempo que cubre 12 antecedentes del fenómeno que van desde su nacimiento en la prensa hasta su consolidación con la entrada del Plan Colombia. En el estudio se verificó que el discurso acerca de la ‘narcoguerrilla’ en la prensa es difuso en la medida de que la representación periodística ha variado dependiendo de los actores implicados, las coyunturas políticas del momento, hecho que supone la aparición de contradicciones. El documento argumenta que la prensa legitimó el discurso oficial de la ‘narcoguerrilla’, el cual nació como una estrategia militar y que se mantiene gracias al fortalecimiento de este por una fracción de las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia, en conjunto con algunos funcionarios del Gobierno Nacional y estadounidense.

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La guerra dels Segadors (1640-1652/59) va ser també una guerra d'idees o arguments polítics. A diferència, però, d'altres conflictes anteriors (com ara l'anomenada guerra civil catalana de mitjan segle xv), aquests arguments antagònics conegueren (al Principat i fins i tot mes enllà) una difusió sense precedents; sobretot pel fet que s'expressaren tot sovint per la via impresa