Relatos de sangue: apresentação de mundos de famílias negras vítimas ocultas da violência

This work aims at understanding of social suffering, caused by unsolved homicides in the black population. Thus, when the homicide occurs, family and friends become hidden or indirect victims of this crime. So, It will be made a historical imbalance of Afro-Brazilians to the capitalist system after slavery. Those who suffered from the absence of inclusive public policies. Also try to contextualize them within the current data with that place as the immediate victims of murder. Finally, reports from family members, through their life stories, and snippets from the ethnographic field notes were the methodologies used

Histórias e relatos sobre Pipa: a praia internacional do Rio Grande do Norte

The overwhelming gear that boosted tourism as the main economic activity of Pipa a district formerly agricultural and fishery, that belongs to the municipality of Tibau do Sul/RN produced significant changes in the social, economic and cultural rights of the native population of the place where social relations were narrow and justified in some cases, the line of kinship in an environment where all residents knew each other. However, we can not observe the emergence of this activity just as voracious disarticulator of old local forms of sociability that in a linear process, destroys the old, replacing it with the new. New compositions are generated by merging elements of past and present. Overcoming opposition to simplistic positive or negative impacts of tourism sought especially in this dissertation, review the history of Pipa (told in narrative form), showing how slowly this district has become a major international tourist destination and how its residents were being swallowed by the "whirlwind" that led to this reality. The research used qualitative methodology and was based on photographic, literature and survey, observation, experience, oral and written reports acquired in the field. We conducted in-depth interviews (oral history) with subjects that are the living memory of the place local residents (mostly natives). We found that before the process of "modernization" resulting from the pressure of globalization itself and the capital investment in tourism resulting from the native population is not passive. On the contrary, natives resist, creating mechanisms of material and symbolic reformulations. The present moment is always dynamic. Because of that, the identity of a place is not the crystallization of its past. Many landscapes still reveal materialities of yesteryear, such as registration of social practices in the construction of the place

Padrões distintos de congruência climática em duas espécies invasoras de prosopis em zonas semi-áridas da América do Sul

Based on climate data and occurrence records, ecological niche models (ENM) are an important opportunity to identify areas at risk or vulnerable to biological invasion. These models are based on the assumption that there is a match between the climatic characteristic of native and invaded regions predicting the potential distribution of exotic species. Using new methods to measure niche overlap, we chose two exotic species fairly common in semi-arid regions of South America, Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) D.C. and Prosopis pallida (H. ; B. ex. Willd) HBK, to test the climate matching hypothesis. Our results indicate that both species occur with little niche overlap in the native region while the inverse pattern is observed in the invaded region on South America, where both species occur with high climatic overlap. Maybe some non-climate factor act limiting the spread of P. pallida on the native range. We believe that a founder effect can explain these similarities between species niche in the invaded region once the seeds planted in Brazil came from a small region on the Native range (Piura in Peru), where both species occur sympatric. Our hypothesis of a founder effect may be evident when we look at the differences between the predictions of the models built in the native and invaded ranges. Furthermore, our results indicate that P. juliflora shows high levels of climate matching between native and invaded ranges. However, conclusions about climate matching of P. pallida should be taken with caution. Our models based on climatic variables provide multiple locations suitable for occurrence of both species in regions where they still don t have occurrence records, including places of high interest for conservation.

Política de formação docente na América Latina :Argentina, Brasil e Chile

This work aims at studying the policies of teaching training and their impact in the actors and in the education systems of the countries in which these policies were implemented into the context of neoliberal reforms. We particularly studied these policies in three Latin America countries: Argentina, Brazil and Chile. The policies studied here are the ones implemented from the 90 s. However, the horizon of this study is at the beginning of the 80 s, period that starts one of the four intervention initiatives of education here studied: The Main Project of Education For Latin America and Caribbean (PROMEDLAC), which in 2002 goes into a new stage and it is called Regional Project of Education for Latin America and Caribbean (PRELAC), worked out by UNESCO as a request of government representatives of countries of the region, based on the suggestions of Declaration of Mexico , signed by them in 1979. These suggestions will be in the base of the other three initiatives: The Education For All (EPT); Ibero-American Conferences of Education (CIE) and The Hemisphere Action Plan of Education (PAHE), whose documents are the base to the production of an abundant legislation and normatization on education that created the parameters on which the policies of education reforms were worked out and implemented and the dynamism of our education systems from the last two decades of the twentieth century on. All these initiatives intend to work with objectives, projects and programs that, in some cases, in isolation or in groups, are under influence of their actions in a way that frequently it is difficult to identify which of them is the main responsible for some advances. It is important to stand out that not all of the suggestions produced by these initiatives were implemented as policies, and many of them to be implemented were changed in such a way that they were distorted, even they were a result of a multilateral deal, each country gave to them its own interpretation. Moreover, in all these processes the teaching entities had and keep having a fundamental role. The evidences, result of the evaluations of each initiative, show that education policies implemented produced advances in several aspects. They are still not the ideal ones, in truth, but they do exist. In relation to the teaching questions, there were and are still being implemented multiples and varied actions that did not have the expected impact in the education systems of the countries, objects of this study, but, many of them that go on, are promising and start to have a positive impact into the education systems. Even so, the teaching subject matter, even playing a central role in the agenda of all countries of the region, still represents one of the big challenges to the advance and improvement of our education systems

Relatos de uma vivência interdisciplinar: educação, saúde e cidadania

This study addresses the interdisciplinary training in perspective for the Brazilian Health System (SUS) in view of graduation students in the areas of health of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte s (UFRN) former students of the course Health and Citizenship (SACI). Emphasizes also the importance of commitment to social policies, particularly with those focused on the area of health. This is a case study with a qualitative approach. There was the lifting of data through documental research, from 14 portfolios of learning, which are weekly records of students from the respective discipline, corresponding to 2005.2 to 2007.2 semesters. From the analysis undertaken, inferred that the methodology problematizing, used by the discipline, enables students to understand that learning is not restricted to the confined university walls. It shows the health from a complex and concrete social reality, allowing students to an interdisciplinary dialogue in search of the transformation of this reality. It means an opportunity to interact with the dynamics of society in their area of activities, developing a relationship of solidarity in the formation of the citizen. Moreover, it was clear the direction of experienced interdisciplinary and recognized by students of various professions that make up the discipline. Thus, the SACI in preparation for construction of SUS, helps to form a new professional, more committed to the promotion and with a collective work in health

A grande Argentina: um sonho nacionalista para a construção de uma potência na América Latina

Visa-se analisar a proposta de transformação da Argentina em uma potência econômica e militar hegemônica na América do Sul, levada a cabo por correntes de extrema-direita desse país, entre as duas Guerras Mundiais. Discutem-se os objetivos, conteúdos e fundamentação dessa proposta no contexto do cenário internacional e da conjuntura política argentina.

Integração de redes GNSS: uma proposta metodológica de densificação da rede SIRGAS na América do Sul

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação das previsões do atraso zenital troposférico para a América do Sul, obtidas usando modelo de previsão numérica de tempo com alta resolução espacial

A Center for Weather Forecast and Climatic Studies of National Institute for Space Research (CPTEC/INPE) has provided to the Brazilian Geodetic community, since 2004, an alternative to correct the GNSS observables from the tropospheric refraction. Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) Model is used to generate Zenital Tropospheric Delay (ZTD). For the version 1, it was developed a model with horizontal resolution of 100 km, which was updated with Eta model, with resolution of 20 km. This paper provides the most significative details of the current version, as well an evaluation of its quality, using for such ZTD estimates from GPS data collect at RBMC. Comparing to the old version, considerable improvement could be observed from the new model, mainly in Brasilia and Curitiba, reaching up to 55% improvement. When all stations were used in the quality control, almost null bias and RMS of about 4 to 5 cm could be observed.

O discurso autobiográfico nos relatos de viagem de Nísia Floresta

En plein XIXe siècle, Nísia Floresta Brasileira Augusta a écrit sur deux voyages faits en Europe. Quelques années plus tard, cette norte-rio-grandense a livré au public ses récits de voyage : Itinéraire d un voyage en Allemagne (1857) et Trois ans en Italie Suivis d un Voyage en Grèce (1864/1872). Malgré les particularités qui entourent chacun de ces récits, un aspect y est fortement présent : les marques autobiographiques. Notre travail a comme principal objectif enquêter comment se manifeste ce discours autobiographique. A partir de l‟Analyse du Discours, nous avons travaillé quelques positionnements sur certaines oeuvres littéraires, comme par exemple, le fait qu‟elles aient plus d‟un genre. Ce qui se passe dans les récits de voyage de Nísia Floresta est semblable, car au-délà de raconter le passage de Nísia par ces lieux, nous pouvons trouver des caractéristiques qui appartiennent à l‟écriture fragmentaire, autobiographique et épistolaire. Devant les propositions indiquées par Philippe Lejeune, nous avons pu confirmer que ces récits de Nísia font partie de l‟écriture autobiographique. Sous l‟optique de quelques théories, nous avons parcouru des points intéressants qui enveloppent ces récits et, de cette façon, nous avons voyagé avec Nísia Floresta par l‟Allemagne et ultérieurement par l‟Italie et Grèce, en connaissant ainsi, pas seulement un peu plus sur ces lieux, mais beaucoup de confidences sur cette écrivain potiguar, qui a ouvert son coeur au plublic

Uma análise comportamentalista de relatos verbais e práticas educativas parentais: alcance e limites

O presente artigo discute a relevância de algumas estratégias metodológicas da Análise Aplicada do Comportamento para examinar práticas educativas parentais. Um instrumento e um conceito relacionados à coleta e análise de dados são discutidos sob a ótica teórica e aplicada: relatos verbais e análise funcional comportamental descritiva. Conclui-se que, consideradas as limitações dos relatos, as informações obtidas com essa estratégia e com a análise funcional comportamental descritiva permitem inferir algumas hipóteses sobre os comportamentos de pais e de filhos que podem ser utilizadas em ações que procuram investigar e intervir sobre os comportamentos problema e as habilidades sociais.

O padre, o filósofo e o profeta : a América de Simão de Vasconcelos

To build an Portuguese America, after discovering at the beginning of XVI century, the Europeans used the physic, politic colonization and also a space ideological domain using write texts, chronicles, and started making a conceive America that was more European than American. One of those chronicles was the Society of Jesus Chronicle written by father Simão de Vasconcelos, a Jesuit. So our object is recognizing in this chronicle the ways that this father had imagined the America. We are looking to answer how the Jesuit use some references to Classic Antiquity (meanly Aristotle and Samuel) because how this action until happen in the Renascence (XVII century) the intellectual production certainly involve renascent topoi. To get this we used some authors that study Intellectual/ Cultural History like Burckhardt e Ginzburg and some authors from Speech Analyses like Certeau and Foucault, to, in the end, can understand how Simão de Vasconcelos created his Brazil

Análise de grafos aplicada a relatos de sonhos: ferramenta diagnóstica objetiva e diferencial para psicose esquizofrênica e bipolar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Falas silenciadas: relatos de mulheres/educadoras sobre a campanha de pé no chão também se aprende a ler

Au cours de cette recherche, nous traitons la reinterprétation de cette campagne de Pé no Chão Também se Aprende a Ler , tout en utilisant un moyen défini a travers les parlers de femmes qui avaient travaillé dans le projet d alphabétisation développé par la Mairie de la Ville de Natal au début des années 1960. Le parler de cinq femmes/ éducatrices, participantes actives de ce projet, se constitue en tant qu unité principale de référence de ce travail. À partir de leurs témoignages nous avons cherché à contextualiser et enrichir un peu plus la période concernante à l avènement de la Campagne. Il s agit de témoignages qui ont des rapports avec l éducation, la culture et la conscientisation politique, véhicule à la compréhension du contexte historique dans lequel s insérait le groupe engagé dans la Campagne de Pé no chão também se aprende a ler .Nous avons développé notre travail à travers la méthodologie compréhensible du discours (Kaufmann, 1996), tout en mélangeant le matériel recherché et la théorie. Les considérations finales font état de nos impressions à propos de ce projet à partir des témoignages de ces cinq femmes/éducatrices. Le gouvernement de Djalma Maranhão se caracterize pu democratie et populaire et ce travail éducatif considérer subversives a décennie 1960

Análise de terrenos na porção setentrional da Província Borborema, NE do Brasil: integração de dados geológicos e gravimétricos

It is presently assumed that the Borborema Province resulted from a complex collisional process associated with the convergent movement of plates, possibly involving amalgamation and accretion of microplates. This process was consolidated at the end of the Brasiliano event. It is investigated the possible limits for the tectonostratigraphic terranes in the northern portion of the province based on an integrated study of geological and gravity data. The study area comprises the portion of the Borborema Province located north of the Patos Lineament, limited by longitudes 33º00 W and 43º29 44"W and latitudes 1º36 S and 8º00 S. A revision of the regional geology allowed to identify areas presenting contrasting geological attributes, possibly representing different terranes whose limits are always shear zones of Brasiliano-age. The Sobral-Pedro II shear zone is the only one undoubtedly presenting geological attributes of sutures zones. The other shear zones are very likely associated with a geodinymic context of accretion, involving oblique collisions (docking), transcurrent and/or transforming sutures, and deep intracrustal shear zones. The gravity data contributed as a tool to identify strong lateral contrasts of density inside the upper crust possibly associated with crustal blocks tectonically juxtaposed. The dominant long wavelength anomaly in the Bouguer anomaly map is an expressive gradient, grossly parallel to the continental margin, caused by density variation across the crust-mantle interface in the transition from the continental crust to the oceanic crust originated by the separation between South America and Africa. Medium to small wavelength anomalies are due to intracrustal heterogeneities such as different Precambrian crustal blocks, Brasiliano-age granites and Mesozoic sedimentary basins. A regional-residual separation of the Bouguer anomaly map was performed in order to enhance in the residual map the effect due to intracrustal heterogeneities. The methodology used for this separation was a robust polinomial fitting. The inversion of residual gravity field resulted in a density contrast map (Δρ), in an equivalent layer that provided more accurated anomalies contours and consolidated the model which the sources of residual anomalies are located in the upper part of the present crust. Based on the coincidence of gravity lineaments in the residual map and Brasiliano shear zones, and using additional geological information, the following shear zones are proposed as limits between terranes: Patos shear zone, Sobral-Pedro II shear zone, Picuí-João Câmara shear zone, Remígio-Pocinhos shear zone, Senador Pompeu shear zone, Tauá shear zone, and Portalegre shear zone. Based on the geological/geophysical information it is attributed a higher level of confidence to the first three proposed limits(Patos, Sobral Pedro II, and Picuí-João Câmara shear zones). From west to east, these shear zones individualize the following terranes: Northwest of Ceará terrane, Central Ceará terrane, Tauá terrane, Orós-Jaguaribe terrane, Seridó terrane, and São José de Campestre terrane. In our study, the Rio Piranhas and Patos terranes are questioned because their previously proposed limits do not present good geological and gravimetric evidences. On the other hand, the previously proposed Cearense terrane is now subdivided into Central Ceará and Tauá terranes. Two residual gravity profiles located in the Seridó belt were interpreted using 2 ½ D direct gravity modeling. The main result of the modeling process is that all anomalies, with the exception of one, can be explained by outcroppring bodies, therefore restricted to the upper part of the present crust

O efeito da retração dos dentes anteriores sobre o ponto A em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento ortodôntico corretivo

OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito da retração anterior sobre o ponto A sagital e verticalmente, bem como a correlação e a previsibilidade do comportamento dessas estruturas. METODOLOGIA: sessenta telerradiografias em norma lateral foram usadas, tomadas no início e no final do tratamento ortodôntico corretivo, a partir de 30 pacientes (22 feminino e 8 masculino) com idade entre 10 e 17 anos antes do tratamento, com má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1 ou Classe I, que foram submetidos às extrações dos quatro primeiros pré-molares ou somente dois primeiros pré-molares superiores. Além das variáveis .1NA,1-NA, 1.PP e 1-A, mensurações lineares horizontais e verticais foram feitas em relação a uma linha de referência construída a partir da linha SN menos 7º e uma linha perpendicular a ela. Todos os dados foram mensurados duas vezes, e as médias foram submetidas ao teste t emparelhado, de correlação linear e de regressão. RESULTADOS: em média, o ponto A retraiu 0,71mm e movimentou para baixo 2,38mm, seguindo 1,03mm e 4,13mm de retração, respectivamente, do ápice radicular e da borda incisal, e 2,35mm de extrusão dentária. A retração do ponto A apresentou correlação positiva em relação ao ápice radicular (r = 0,75; alfa < 0,0001) e em relação à retração da borda incisal (r = 0,70; alfa < 0,0001), mostrando um comportamento ântero-posterior previsível. CONCLUSÕES: concluiu-se que o ponto A retraiu-se e movimentou-se para baixo seguindo o dente, e a retração do ponto A em relação aos incisivos foi previsível.