992 resultados para 197-1204


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Oxygen spillover and back spillover on Pt/TiO2 catalysts have been studied by a potential dynamic sweep method. The characteristics of I-V profiles of Pt/TiO2 electrodes in the three potential sweep regions are different from those of Pt and TiO2 electrodes. The catalytic role of Pt/TiO2 in oxygen spillover and back spillover is identified. It decreases, and the electrochemical oxygen adsorption (or desorption) increases with elevating temperature of hydrogen post-treatment of Pt/TiO2; to a certain extent (hydrogen post-treatment of Pt/TiO2 at 700 degrees C), the control step of oxygen electrode process (anodic oxidation or cathodic reduction) changes from oxygen diffusion to electrochemical oxygen adsorption or desorption, respectively. Increasing the amount of Pt supported on TiO2 enhances the processes of oxygen spillover and back spillover. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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2010

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A anaplasmose bovina é causada pela riquétsia intra-eritrocítica Anaplasma marginale, responsável por importantes prejuízos econômicos, por causa da alta morbidade e mortalidade em rebanhos bovinos suscetíveis. A vacinação tem sido uma forma econômica e eficiente de controlar a enfermidade. No entanto, os métodos de imunização tradicionais apresentam efeitos adversos em algumas categorias de animais. Nas últimas décadas, os estudos sobre imunização contra Anaplasma concentraram-se nas proteínas de superfície MSP1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 e 5. No entanto, até o momento, os resultados foram pouco promissores, apontando a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento sobre o rol das proteínas de membrana da riquétsia e das relações estruturais entre elas. Nesse contexto, os estudos do genoma e do proteoma da riquétsia têm contribuído com essa finalidade. Pela análise genômica, 14 genes para novas proteínas de membrana externa foram identificados (omp 1-14), dentre os quais, omp2, 3 e 6 não são transcritos. Esses genes ostraram-se altamente conservados entre isolados da riquétsia. As proteínas OMP4, 7, 10 e 14 foram reconhecidas por soros de bovinos imunizados com membrana de A. marginale, mostrando potencial para desenvolvimento de imunógenos. Além disso, mediante análise proteômica, foi possível detectar novas proteínas de membrana, negligenciadas pela anotação genômica. Dentre elas estão AM097 - conjugal transfer protein, AM956 - PepA citosol amino peptidase, AM254 - fator de elongação Tu e quatro proteínas de função desconhecida: AM127, 197, 387 e 854, as quais também foram reconhecidas por soros de bovinos imunizados com membrana de A. marginale.

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This thesis describes Sonja, a system which uses instructions in the course of visually-guided activity. The thesis explores an integration of research in vision, activity, and natural language pragmatics. Sonja's visual system demonstrates the use of several intermediate visual processes, particularly visual search and routines, previously proposed on psychophysical grounds. The computations Sonja performs are compatible with the constraints imposed by neuroscientifically plausible hardware. Although Sonja can operate autonomously, it can also make flexible use of instructions provided by a human advisor. The system grounds its understanding of these instructions in perception and action.

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Infrared (IR) spectra of normal, hyperplasia, fibroadenoma and carcinoma tissues of human breast obtained from 96 patients have been determined and analyzed statistically. Several spectral differences were detected in the frequency regions of N-H stretching, amide I, II and III bands: (1) the bands in the region 3000-3600cm-1 shifted to lower frequencies for the carcinomatous tissue; (2) the A(3300)/A(3075) absorbance ratio was significantly higher for the fibroadenoma than for the other types of tissues; (3) the frequency of the a-helix amide I band decreased for the malignant tissue, while the corresponding beta -sheet amide I band frequency increased; (4) the A(1657)/A(1635) and A(1553)/A(1540) absorbance ratios were the highest for fibroadenoma and carcinoma tissues; (5) the A(1680)/A(1657) absorbance ratio decreased significantly in the order of normal > hyperplasia > fibroadenoma > carcinoma; (6) the A(1651)/A(1545) absorbance ratio increased slightly for the fibroadenoma and the carcinoma tissues; (7) the bands at 1204 and 1278 cm(-1), assigned to the vibrational modes of the collagen, did not appear in the original spectra as resolved peaks and were distinctly stronger in the deconvoluted spectra of the carcinoma tissue and (8) the A(1657)/A(1204) and A(1657)/A(1278) absorbance ratios, both yielding information on the relative content of collagen, increased in the order of normal < hyperplasia < carcinoma < fibroadenoma. The said differences imply that the information is useful for the diagnosis of breast cancer and malignant breast abnormalities, and may serve as a basis for further studies on conformational changes in tissue proteins during carcinogenesis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.