Économie politique de l'euro / [la Documentation française] ; [réd. par] Armand-Denis Schor,...

Collection : Les études de la Documentation française

Value / personality - attitude - behavior hierarchy and its impact on individual performance in the context of market orientation

The purpose of this dissertation is to better understand how individual employees? values and personality traits influence their attitudes toward market orientation; how such attitudes impact their market-oriented behaviors; and how in turn, these behaviors lead to their superior individual performance. To investigate these relationships, an empirical study was conducted in the French speaking part of Switzerland and data were collected from a sample of service firms? employees from diverse departments and hierarchical levels. To a large extent, the results support the hypothesis of a hierarchical chain moving from value / personality to attitude to behavior to individual performance in relation to market orientation. Le sujet de cette thèse de doctorat est de mieux comprendre comment les valeurs et les traits de personnalité des employés influencent leurs attitudes envers l'orientation vers le marché ; comment ces attitudes ont un effet sur les comportements orientés vers le marché de ces employés et enfin, comment ces comportements conduisent à une meilleure performance individuelle. Afin d'étudier ces relations, une enquête a été conduite en Suisse romande et des données ont été collectées auprès d'un échantillon d'employés d'entreprises de service de différents départements et niveaux hiérarchiques. Les résultats sont concordants avec l'hypothèse d'une chaîne causale allant des valeurs / traits de personnalité aux attitudes, aux comportements et finalement à la performance individuelle dans le contexte de l'orientation vers le marché.

Estudi de l’efecte de l’aigua de reg en la producció i qualitat de préssec per a industria (4rt any experimental)

El Projecte forma part d’un estudi plurianual, en el que participen l’ETSEA UdL, el centre UdL - IRTA de R+D i les empreses INDULLEIDA, S.A. i LAB – FERRER. Es tracta d’un projecte INIA de R+D el qual es centra en l’estudi i desenvolupament de diferents estratègies de reg i de diferents estratègies d’adobat nitrogenat. El present PFC es centra en l’estudi de les estratègies de reg. D’aquesta manera s’estableixen 3 tractaments diferents de reg (un tractament de reg complert i dos tractaments de reg deficitari controlat) i s’estudia la resposta del cultiu en relació a la producció i qualitat del fruit.

Construcción de un punto de alimentación de aves necrófagas con equipamiento de observación en el término municipal de Loporzano (Huesca)

Després de la crisi de les "vaques boges" al 1996 es van prohibir les pràctiques d'abandonament de bestiar mort en els llocs anomenats tradicionalment canyets tal i com s'havia fet durant els últims segles. Això va produir un seriós impacte en les poblacions ibèriques d'aus necròfagues; les més abundants d'Europa. Diverses lleis protegeixen des de fa anys a aquestes espècies mitjançant una sèrie d'actuacions que, entre d'altres, rescaten la figura del canyet. En aquest treball se'n projecta un tot detallant el procés de creació i contrucció, adaptant-lo a les necessitats i requeriments d'aquestes espècies.

Desarrollo del comercio electrónico en la gestión empresarial: análisis de situación en España

Internet supone un fuerte giro en la manera tradicional de operar y de relacionarse de las empresas. Está claro que estamos inmersos en un proceso que evoluciona muy rápidamente y que es una realidad tanto en el mundo, en general, como en nuestro país, en particular. Las estadísticas sobre el sector nos muestran fríamente una realidad que es necesario explicar, tanto en sus causas como en sus consecuencias.

El síndic municipal a Corts a la Corona d'Aragó, durant el regnat d'Alfons el Magnànim: el cas de Lleida

Es ressalta la importància del síndic municipal enviat a les Corts, com a representant del braç reial, una figura poc estudiada fins el moment, malgrat que ens aporta molta informació. A partir de l’estudi deis memorials que la ciutat—en aquest cas Lleida— facilita a aquests missatgers, a l’article s'estudien les relacions d'aquest nucli urbà i les Corts catalanes, fent especial insistència en els assumptes i les relacions que es esencadenen dins del braç reial, com també les negociacions que es mantenen amb la Corona.

Aportació al coneixement de les terres de conreu a Catalunya a l'Edat Mitjana

Amb aquest estudi intentarem analitzar algunes de les característiques de les terres de conreu a Catalunya, a l'edat mitjana, especialment entre els segles X i XII. A partir d'una anàlisi del significat dels noms utilitzats a l'època, veurem les característiques que tenien els terrenys dedicats al conreu, segons la documentació escrita; també veurem com es crearen i, finalment, la relació que hi havia entre aquestes terres de conreu i els llocs de poblament, d'una forma especial en les contrades on va predominar l'hàbitat dispers.

Persistence of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations Associated with Fitness Costs and Viral Genetic Backgrounds.

Transmission of drug-resistant pathogens presents an almost-universal challenge for fighting infectious diseases. Transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) can persist in the absence of drugs for considerable time. It is generally believed that differential TDRM-persistence is caused, at least partially, by variations in TDRM-fitness-costs. However, in vivo epidemiological evidence for the impact of fitness costs on TDRM-persistence is rare. Here, we studied the persistence of TDRM in HIV-1 using longitudinally-sampled nucleotide sequences from the Swiss-HIV-Cohort-Study (SHCS). All treatment-naïve individuals with TDRM at baseline were included. Persistence of TDRM was quantified via reversion rates (RR) determined with interval-censored survival models. Fitness costs of TDRM were estimated in the genetic background in which they occurred using a previously published and validated machine-learning algorithm (based on in vitro replicative capacities) and were included in the survival models as explanatory variables. In 857 sequential samples from 168 treatment-naïve patients, 17 TDRM were analyzed. RR varied substantially and ranged from 174.0/100-person-years;CI=[51.4, 588.8] (for 184V) to 2.7/100-person-years;[0.7, 10.9] (for 215D). RR increased significantly with fitness cost (increase by 1.6[1.3,2.0] per standard deviation of fitness costs). When subdividing fitness costs into the average fitness cost of a given mutation and the deviation from the average fitness cost of a mutation in a given genetic background, we found that both components were significantly associated with reversion-rates. Our results show that the substantial variations of TDRM persistence in the absence of drugs are associated with fitness-cost differences both among mutations and among different genetic backgrounds for the same mutation.

L'exemplar incunable de les Transformacions d'Ovidi en versió de Francesc Alegre (Barcelona, Pere Miquel, 1494) a "La Casa del Libro" de San Juan de Puerto Rico

La nota vol donar a conèixer l’exemplar de les Transformacions ovidianes, en versió de Francesc Alegre, custodiat a “La Casa del Libro”, museu instal·lat a San Juan de Puerto Rico.

Meckel-Gruber Syndrome: a population-based study on prevalence, prenatal diagnosis, clinical features, and survival in Europe.

Meckel-Gruber Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive lethal ciliopathy characterized by the triad of cystic renal dysplasia, occipital encephalocele and postaxial polydactyly. We present the largest population-based epidemiological study to date using data provided by the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) network. The study population consisted of 191 cases of MKS identified between January 1990 and December 2011 in 34 European registries. The mean prevalence was 2.6 per 100 000 births in a subset of registries with good ascertainment. The prevalence was stable over time, but regional differences were observed. There were 145 (75.9%) terminations of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis, 13 (6.8%) fetal deaths, 33 (17.3%) live births. In addition to cystic kidneys (97.7%), encephalocele (83.8%) and polydactyly (87.3%), frequent features include other central nervous system anomalies (51.4%), fibrotic/cystic changes of the liver (65.5% of cases with post mortem examination) and orofacial clefts (31.8%). Various other anomalies were present in 64 (37%) patients. As nowadays most patients are detected very early in pregnancy when liver or kidney changes may not yet be developed or may be difficult to assess, none of the anomalies should be considered obligatory for the diagnosis. Most cases (90.2%) are diagnosed prenatally at 14.3±2.6 (range 11-36) gestational weeks and pregnancies are mainly terminated, reducing the number of LB to one-fifth of the total prevalence rate. Early diagnosis is important for timely counseling of affected couples regarding the option of pregnancy termination and prenatal genetic testing in future pregnancies.

Signaling across the synapse: a role for Wnt and Dishevelled in presynaptic assembly and neurotransmitter release

Proper dialogue between presynaptic neurons and their targets is essential for correct synaptic assembly and function. At central synapses, Wnt proteins function as retrograde signals to regulate axon remodeling and the accumulation of presynaptic proteins. Loss of Wnt7a function leads to defects in the localization of presynaptic markers and in the morphology of the presynaptic axons. We show that loss of function of Dishevelled-1 (Dvl1) mimics and enhances the Wnt7a phenotype in the cerebellum. Although active zones appear normal, electrophysiological recordings in cerebellar slices from Wnt7a/Dvl1 double mutant mice reveal a defect in neurotransmitter release at mossy fi ber–granule cell synapses. Deficiency in Dvl1 decreases, whereas exposure to Wnt increases, synaptic vesicle recycling in mossy fi bers. Dvl increases the number of Bassoon clusters, and like other components of the Wnt pathway, it localizes to synaptic sites. These fi ndings demonstrate that Wnts signal across the synapse on Dvl-expressing presynaptic terminals to regulate synaptic assembly and suggest a potential novel function for Wnts in neurotransmitter release.

Economic evaluation of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding in Spain

To compare the cost and effectiveness of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) versus combined oral contraception (COC) and progestogens (PROG) in first-line treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) in Spain. STUDY DESIGN: A cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of LNG-IUS, COC and PROG was carried out using a Markov model based on clinical data from the literature and expert opinion. The population studied were women with a previous diagnosis of idiopathic heavy menstrual bleeding. The analysis was performed from the National Health System perspective, discounting both costs and future effects at 3%. In addition, a sensitivity analysis (univariate and probabilistic) was conducted. RESULTS: The results show that the greater efficacy of LNG-IUS translates into a gain of 1.92 and 3.89 symptom-free months (SFM) after six months of treatment versus COC and PROG, respectively (which represents an increase of 33% and 60% of symptom-free time). Regarding costs, LNG-IUS produces savings of 174.2-309.95 and 230.54-577.61 versus COC and PROG, respectively, after 6 months-5 years. Apart from cost savings and gains in SFM, quality-adjusted life months (QALM) are also favourable to LNG-IUS in all scenarios, with a range of gains between 1 and 2 QALM compared to COC and PROG. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that first-line use of the LNG-IUS is the dominant therapeutic option (less costly and more effective) in comparison with first-line use of COC or PROG for the treatment of DUB in Spain. LNG-IUS as first line is also the option that provides greatest health-related quality of life to patients.