Analysis of aromatic amines by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization by 2-(9-carbazole)-ethyl-chloroformate

2-(9-Carbazole)-ethyl-chloroformate (CEOC), a novel pre-column fluorescence derivatization reagent, has been developed for the analysis of aromatic amines. Taking five monocyclic aromatic amines (o-toluidine, aniline, 3,4-dimethylaniline, N-ethyl-p-toluidine, and p-phenylenediamine) as testing compounds, derivatization conditions such as pH of borate buffer, reaction time and fluorescent tagging reagent concentration have been investigated. By a one-step procedure, CEOC reacts readily with the aromatic amines to form stable derivatives with excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively, at 293 and 360 nm. This derivatization reaction could be finished within 20 min even at room temperature. The peak shapes of the derivatized aromatic amines can be improved greatly without any addition of competition amines into the mobile phase. Furthermore, this method can offer excellent quantitative precision with high tolerance of the matrix of samples. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

航天生物技术研究进展

随着航天技术和生物技术的发展,兴起了一门新兴的学科———航天生物学。在近半个世纪的研究中,航天生物学取得丰硕的成果。通过对其诱变机理的研究表明:太空的强辐射是生物发生诱变的主要原因;微重力是重要的辅助条件。

黄波罗不同年龄材料微繁苗内源激素的比较分析

不同年龄植物材料的植株再生能力不同,繁殖质量也不同,要提高繁殖效率和再生苗木的质量,就要深入了解初始材料的生理生化状态,以便为具有优良遗传特性的适龄材料选择提供依据。文章检测了不同年龄黄波罗组培苗的脱落酸、生长素、赤霉素、玉米素型细胞分裂素型和异戊烯基型细胞分裂素含量并做了统计学差异分析,结果表明:随试材年龄增长,黄波罗微繁苗的iP-type CKs/总Cks降低,而Z-type CKs/iP-type CKs和GAs含量增加且有显著的统计学差异,可作为选择适龄微繁材料的生理指标之一。

Dimerization of 1-butene via zirconium-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst

A zirconium-based Ziegler-Natta catalytic system has been tested in the dimerization of 1-butene. It was found that the concentration of Et2AlCl, Ph3P and PhONa as well as the reaction temperature had great influences on the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the conversion of 1-butene is 91.9%, and the selectivity of dimers is 76.7%. Basic ligands such as Ph3P and PhONa can inhibit isomerization of 1-butene to 2-butene effectively. In addition, the metal hydride mechanism was also suggested and some indirect evidence was obtained in favor of this mechanism.

土壤类型和添加有机物料对铵态氮回收的影响

探讨NH4+-N回收率在不同因素下的变化规律。【方法】以黄土高原从北向南不同地区的典型土壤类型为对象,采用Bremner浸取法,研究了土壤类型、植被类型、施肥模式及添加有机物料对铵态氮回收率的影响。【结果】不同类型土壤及不同类型植被间NH4+-N回收率存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。黄土正常新成土的NH4+-N回收率最高(88.8%),极显著大于其他土壤,土垫旱耕人为土的NH4+-N回收率最低(81.0%),简育干润均腐土和干润砂质新成土介于二者之间;不同类型植被间,林地土壤的NH4+-N回收率(91.0%)极显著高于其他类型植被土壤,其他类型植被土壤的NH4+-N回收率表现为农田(85.5%)>裸地(83.8%)>草地(83.6%),但三者之间差异不显著。添加有机物料后,土壤NH4+-N回收率极显著增加(P<0.01),不添加有机物料对照土壤的NH4+-N回收率为84.3%,添加长毛草和苜蓿后的NH4+-N回收率分别为86.6%和85.9%。长期施肥对土壤NH4+-N的回收率无显著影响(P=0.436 5>0.05)。【结论】NH4+-N回收率与粘粒含量呈弱负相关,与有机质含量呈正相关,粘土矿物对N...

stochastic process algebra based software process simulation modeling

Chinese Acad Sci, ISCAS Lab Internet Software Technologies

延安日光温室蔬菜生产现状与发展对策

延安日光温室蔬菜生产从初步发展走向稳定健康发展 ,基础设施建设、栽培技术等取得了一定成绩 ,但技术力量仍感不足 ,农药、化肥污染愈加严重。提出今后进一步发展的对策

辽宁沿海湿地生物多样性评价研究

辽宁沿海湿地资源对辽宁沿海经济带生物多样性保护具有重要意义。在辽宁沿海经济带战略环评中,根据科学性、代表性和实用性的原则,提出了生物多样性评价的4个指标,即物种丰富度、生态系统类型多样性、物种特有性和外来物种入侵度。建立了沿海湿地生物多样性评价指标体系,并对沿海湿地生物多样性进行了评价。评价结果表明:辽宁沿海6地市及其4个国家级自然保护区的生物多样性丰富。该项研究为辽宁沿海经济带的战略开发决策提供了科学的生物多样性保护措施和建议。

黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿草地土壤干燥化特征与粮草轮作土壤水分恢复效应

实地测定了黄土高原半干旱区固原不同生长年限苜蓿草地和连作8a苜蓿草地翻耕轮作不同年限粮食作物后深层土壤水分特征,分析了苜蓿草地土壤干燥化特征和粮草轮作对土壤水分的恢复效应。结果表明:(1)苜蓿连作1a、5a、8a和12a等4类苜蓿草地0~1000cm土层平均土壤湿度值为6.6%,平均土壤水分过耗量702.8mm,平均土壤干燥化速率147.1 mm/a,达到强烈干燥化程度,苜蓿连作5a土壤干层深度超过1000cm,苜蓿连作8a土壤干层深度超过1360cm,苜蓿草地合理利用年限为7a。(2)连作8a苜蓿草地翻耕并轮作4~7a和25a粮食作物等5类粮田0~1000cm土层土壤湿度介于6.74%~11.95%,土壤贮水量恢复值介于210.6~887.3mm,平均土壤水分恢复速率为80.8mm/a。轮作6a后粮田土壤干层轻度恢复程度以上深度达到1000cm。通过粮草轮作使苜蓿草地土壤湿度恢复到当地土壤稳定湿度需要13a以上。黄土高原半干旱区适宜的粮草轮作模式为:7a苜蓿→13a粮食作物。

氮磷营养对小麦水分关系的影响

比较研究了氮磷营养对春小麦水分关系影响的差异。结果表明 ,土壤干旱情况下 ,氮磷营养虽然皆增强了春小麦的渗透调节能力 ,但由于氮磷营养对作物地上地下部生长的不同进促作用而对作物的水分状况产生了完全相反的影响。氮营养增强了作物对干旱的敏感性 ,使其水势和相对含水量大幅度下降 ,蒸腾失水减少 ,自由水含量增加而束缚水含量减少 ,并使膜稳定性降低 ;而磷营养则明显改善了植株的水分状况 ,增大了气孔导度 ,降低了其对干旱的敏感性 ,增加了束缚水含量 ,并使膜稳定性增强

山杏种皮黑色素与Cu~(2+)和Zn~(2+)络合性质的研究

【目的】研究山杏种皮黑色素与Cu2+和Zn2+络合的相关性质,为山杏种皮黑色素以及其他植物黑色素的开发利用提供依据。【方法】采用电位滴定、紫外-可见光差示吸收光谱和红外光谱对山杏种皮黑色素与Cu2+和Zn2+的络合物进行分析。【结果】Cu2+和Zn2+与山杏种皮黑色素络合后,均能促进山杏种皮黑色素酸性位点的去质子化作用,但Cu2+的促进作用更强,结合更为牢固;随pH值升高,山杏种皮黑色素中解离出的络合位点增多,络合Cu2+能力增强。【结论】Cu2+和Zn2+主要与山杏种皮黑色素中羰基发生络合作用,氨基和羟基参与了络合。

太仆寺旗土地利用变化时空格局的动态模拟

本文以太仆寺旗为研究区,通过将土地利用驱动因子分解为稳定少动控制因子、年际变动影响因子与社会经济驱动因子,求解了太仆寺旗土地利用变化驱动因子作用系数矩阵,揭示了不同类型因子驱动土地利用变化的方向与强度。在此基础上,以CLUES模型为框架,构建了太仆寺旗土地利用变化时空格局模拟模型,通过集成基于太仆寺旗土地利用系统动力学模型获取的土地利用变化及其社会经济驱动因子信息,动态模拟了太仆寺旗土地利用变化的时空模式,进行了参考模式、生态模式与经济模式下的情景分析。

Electronic and magnetic properties of YBa2Fe3O8 from a first-principles study

The electronic and magnetic properties of YBa2Fe3O8 have been systematically investigated within the framework of density-functional theory using the standard generalized gradient approximation (GGA) as well as the GGA plus Hubbard U(GGA + U) method. The GGA results show that the G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) state is preferred among the considered magnetic configurations. The striking ionic character is shown for Y and Ba atoms while very strong hybridization is found between Fe 3d and O 2p orbitals

Studies on the stability of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids from the genus Aconitum L. by high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI/MSn)

The stability of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DDA) from plants of the genus Aconitum L. has been studied in different solvents and pH buffers. The HPLC/ESIMS method for analysing the concentration of DDA was established and DDA's decomposition products were elucidated by HPLC/ESI-MS/MSn. In different solvents, e.g. dichloromethane, ether, methanol and distilled water, the decomposition pathways of DDA are quite different and their difference in stabilities depends on the difference of their structures, in which substituents at the N atom and substituents at C-3 are different. The pyrolytic products of DDA, such as deacetoxy aconitine-type alkaloids, have been observed in the above solvents, whereas 8-methoxy-14-benzoyl aconitine-type alkaloids have been obtained only in methanol.

Investigation of Chemical Bond Characteristics, Thermal Expansion Coefficients and Bulk Moduli of alpha-R2MoO6 and R2Mo2O7 (R = rare earths) by Using a Dielectric Chemical Bond Method

Theoretical researches are performed on the alpha-R2MoO6 (R = Y, Gd, Tb Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb) and pyrochlore-type R2Mo2O7 (R = Y, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy) rare earth molybdates by using chemical bond theory of dielectric description. The chemical bonding characteristics and their relationship with thermal expansion property and compressibility are explored. The calculated values of linear thermal expansion coefficient (LTEC) and bulk modulus agree well with the available experimental values. The calculations reveal that the LTECs and the bulk moduli do have linear relationship with the ionic radii of the lanthanides: the LTEC decreases from 6.80 to 6.62 10(-6)/K and the bulk modulus increases from 141 to 154 GPa when R goes in the order Gd, Tb Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb in the alpha-R2MoO6 series; while in the R2Mo2O7 series, the LTEC ranges from 6.80 to 6.61 10(-6)/K and the bulk modulus ranges from 147 to 163 GPa when R varies in the order Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy.