Movilidad vertical en la carrera docente : an??lisis de las solicitudes de excedencia de los profesores de EGB de la provincia de Lleida (1970-1990)

Analizar las frecuencias de las excedencias otorgadas a los profesores de EGB de escuelas p??blicas, distinguiendo entre aquellas excedencias temporales, que han concluido en un retorno a la actividad docente, y aquellas que tienen un car??cter supuestamente definitivo. Distribuir estas excedencias en funci??n de variables espec??ficas tales como la edad, sexo, titulaci??n acad??mica, especialidad profesional, residencia, etc. Distribuir las frecuencias por quinquenios a lo largo del periodo 1970-90. Elucidar las motivaciones, objetivos, destinos y otras circunstancias relacionadas con las excedencias mediante un cuestionario de elaboracion propia enviado a los profesores. Analizar la relaci??n entre la 'movilidad vertical' y cuestiones tales como la ausencia de una 'carrera' docente formal, el papel de los aspectos econ??micos en el abandono de la docencia y la posible derivaci??n hacia la empresa privada, el cambio profesional hacia funciones asistenciales y 'paradocentes' (inspecci??n, orientaci??n, administraci??n...) o de car??cter pol??tico y administrativo. Ensayar la descripci??n de una tipolog??a b??sica de las caracter??sticas diferenciales de los profesores en excedencia, apoyada en el m??todo sociobiogr??fico de las 'historias de vida'. Concluir y discutir las implicaciones del estudio respecto a cuestiones candentes para el dise??o de pol??ticas educativas respecto al profesorado tales como planes de formaci??n permanente, prevenci??n del malestar docente y de la falta de motivaci??n en el trabajo, planes de escalonamiento de carrera o de incentivos, etc. Hip??tesis: hay un predominio de la movilidad 'horizontal' sobre la 'vertical', lo que se traduce en una relativa escasez de casos de excedencia en los que, adem??s, predomina la movilidad geogr??fica en la 'carrera docente'. 465 Profesores de EGB de centros p??blicos de la provincia de Lleida. Dos procedimientos de trabajo: cuestionarios y entrevistas. 1. Las entrevistas se pasan a un reducido numero de profesores. El m??todo utilizado se llama 'historias de vida'. 2. Los cuestionarios completan los datos cualitativos acerca de las variables demogr??ficas y capturan los motivos y/o situaciones que conducen a la excedencia. Porcentajes, tablas. 1. Se verifica la hip??tesis del predominio de la movilidad horizontal sobre la vertical, s??lo un 5 por ciento de la poblaci??n estudiada ha solicitado excedencia. 2. Se constata una generalizada autopercepci??n de ausencia de mecanismos de promoci??n profesional interna y ??ste es un motivo importante de insatisfacci??n docente. 3. Las diferentes estrategias metodol??gicas convergen en se??alar la distinci??n entre dos tipos de excedencias: 'circunstanciales' vs 'promocionales'. A su vez, ??stos est??n condicionados por el g??nero, la titulaci??n acad??mica y la edad cronol??gica-a??os de experiencia docente..

Un modelo alternativo al algoritmo vertical de la multiplicación : el algoritmo de red.

La autora, tras revisar las teorías sobre la adquisición de la multiplicación, el proceso de construcción de las relaciones multiplicativas, y partiendo de una experiencia con niños sobre la utilización del algoritmo tipo red (S. XV) para un mejor aprendizaje de la multiplicación aritmética, inicia su investigación partiendo de la hipótesis de que este método basado en el producto cartesiano, se ajusta mejor a las estructuras del pensamiento, y por tanto, permite una mejor comprensión también en sujetos adultos. Compuesta por 17 sujetos entre 26 y 52 años, 16 mujeres y 1 hombre, pertenecientes a Educación Permanente de Adultos de Elda (Alicante), aunque la investigación sólo la finalizaron 4 sujetos por muerte experimental del 76'5 por ciento. La investigación utiliza un diseño de pretest-postest. Pruebas 'ad hoc' utilizadas en el pretest-postest que consistían en una serie de ítems que, independientemente dan información sobre los distintos aspectos de la multiplicación. Programa escolar utilizado para la enseñanza de la multiplicación. Resolución de problemas reales, cotidianos, de los sujetos por medio de la operación de multiplicar. Análisis cualitativo de los datos comparados en el pretest y el postest, enumeración de los progresos y/o estancamientos de los sujetos de la investigación. El método del algoritmo en red sí permite la capacitación de los individuos pues posibilita la construcción de estructuras multiplicativas. Desde el punto de vista empírico esto es válido, aunque, en los sujetos de esta investigación, debido a sus especiales características no ha podido ser discriminativo para la comprobación de la hipótesis. Aunque el algoritmo empleado ha favorecido la comprensión de la multiplicación, no ha motivado suficientemente a los sujetos por diversos motivos: A) No se ajusta a sus intereses que son el aprendizaje de las tablas de multiplicar. B) Confunden rapidez con efectividad. C) No tiene relación con las nociones anteriores sobre el tema. D) Siguen anclados en estructuras aditivas por lo que no encuentran significado a otra entidad matemática.

L'Empresa com a projecte vertical pels estudis de grau d'ade

L'objectiu del treball que està desenvolupant l'equip de professors autors de la comunicació és aplicar als estudis del grau d'ADE la metodologia d'ensenyament i aprenentatge basat en projectes. El que fa diferent aquest d'altres treballs similars és el fet que es plantejat com a un projecte vertical, i no horitzontal, és a dir, que es desenvoluparà al llarg dels quatre cursos dels estudis de grau

Eye movements of beginning and more skilled readers

The present study aimed to analyze and compare the eye movements of beginning (2nd grade) and more skilled (4th grade) readers, during reading words and pseudo-words aloud, that differ in frequency (just for words), regularity and length. In this way, one intends to analyze the process of visual information extraction, by both groups, and detect experience and practice-related changes in the ocular behavior. The eye movements of 34 children were monitored, while these were reading words/pseudo-words lists, and this was accomplished using eye-tracking technology. The results show statistically significant differences between the two groups, in mean and total fixations duration for high-frequency words, in mean fixation duration for regular words and in the mean saccade amplitude in irregular pseudo-words. However, no significant differences were found between the groups on the study of the other variables. Nevertheless, the results suggest that skilled readers tend to show more effective eye movements, what determined a lesser effect of words’ frequency, regularity and length on this group. Moreover, the pseudo-words processing was more difficult than that of words, in both groups.

Memory and power : two movements

The institutions that work with the preservation and diffusion of cultural heritage - be them archive, libraries, museums, art galleries or cultural centres - present a certain discourse about reality. To understand this discourse, composed by sound and silence, by fullness and emptiness, by presence and absence, by remembrance and forgetting, an operation is implied, not only with the enunciation of speech and its gaps, but also the comprehension of that which causes to speak, of who is speaking and of the point whence one speaks. Preservation and destruction, or, in another way, conservation and loss, walk hand in hand in the arteries of life. As suggested by Nietzsche (1999, p.273), it is impossible to live without loss, it is entirely impossible to live avoiding destruction to play its game and drive the dynamics of life on. However, by means of a kind of tautological argument, one often justifies preservation by the imminence of loss and memory by the threat of forgetting. Thus, one ceases to consider that the game and the rules of the game between forgetting and memory are not fed by themselves and that preservation and destruction are not opposed in a deadly duel, but instead they complement one another and are always at the service of subjects that build themselves and are built through social practices. To indicate that memories and forgettings can be sown and cultivated corroborates the importance of working towards the denaturalisation of these concepts and towards the understanding that they result from a construction process also involving other forces, such as: power. Power is a sower, a promoter of memories and forgettings.

Museums, memories and social movements

From modernity to the contemporary world, museums have been acknowledged for their power to produce metamorphoses of meanings and functions, for their ability to adapt historic and social determination, and for their calling for cultural mediation. They derive from creating gestures which bind the symbolic and the material, which bind what is sensitive and what is intelligible. For this very reason the bridge metaphor fits them well, a bridge cast between different times, spaces, individuals, social groups and cultures, a bridge that is built with images and which holds a special place in the imaginary.

Avaliação de riscos e desenvolvimento de equipamento anti-queda para acesso vertical a espaços confinados

Na fábrica da EPAL, em Vale da Pedra, o risco de queda em altura no acesso vertical a espaços confinados, foi avaliado como sendo aceitável mediante a adoção de medidas de controlo que não existiam, ou que não eram adequadas, ou ainda que não eram utilizadas. Para responder a este problema, foi concebido, desenvolvido e ensaiado um inovador dispositivo portátil anti-queda. Este previne a queda no acesso entre o pavimento e os primeiros degraus de aberturas verticais conducentes a espaços confinados. Além da função preventiva, também pode fazer parte da proteção anti-queda, como ponto de ancoragem dos equipamentos de proteção contra quedas. Os ensaios realizados revelaram que, em comparação com as alternativas pré-fabricadas disponíveis, esta solução é mais adequada para prevenir quedas, por se adaptar a múltiplas configurações de acesso, com um dispositivo relativamente leve, fácil de transportar e de aplicar, estável e resistente. / In EPAL factory in Vale da Pedra, the risk of falling from a height in the vertical access to confined spaces, was evaluated as being acceptable by the adoption of control measures that did not exist, or were not suitable, or were not used. To respond to this problem, an innovative portable anti-falling device was designed, developed and tested. This prevents falling in access between the ground and the first steps of vertical openings leading to confined spaces. In addition to the preventive function, it can also be part of the fall-arrest protection, as anchor point of fall protection equipment. The tests revealed that, in comparison with the prefabricated alternatives available, this solution is best suited to prevent falls, due to its adaptability to multiple access settings, with a relatively light device, easy to carry and to use, stable and resistant.

Comparison of Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) results with subjective visual vertical (SVV) test in patients with and without vestibular dysfunction: effects of horizontal headshaking

The goal of the study was to identify what effect headshaking in the horizontal plane has on Computerized Dynamic Posturography results in normals and patients with unilateral vestibular dysfunction. Additionally, the results were compared to results of the dynamic subjective visual vertical test.

Site Safety and Food Affect Movements of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) Migrating Through the Upper Bay of Fundy

The upper Bay of Fundy is a critical stopover site for Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) during their fall migration. However, little is known about factors that influence selection of feeding and roosting sites by these birds, or the extent to which birds move between different sites during their time in the region. Using radio-telemetry, we studied movement patterns, examined habitat use, and tested hypotheses associated with factors influencing foraging and roost-site selection. Movements of radio-tagged sandpipers were tracked in the upper Bay of Fundy in August 2004 and 2005. In 2004, sandpipers from the Minas Basin, Nova Scotia and Chignecto Bay, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, were tracked, and in 2005, sandpipers were tracked only in Chignecto Bay. Sandpipers were highly mobile in both the Minas Basin 2004 and Chignecto Bay 2005, making daily movements of up to 20 km between foraging and roosting sites, although very little movement was detected in Chignecto Bay in 2004. Migrating sandpipers appeared to select foraging sites based on relative safety, as measured by distance to cover, provided that these sites offered an adequate food supply. Similarly, roosting sandpipers preferred sites that were far from nearby trees that might offer cover to predators. This preference for safe sites became more apparent later in their stay in the Bay of Fundy, when birds were heavier and, therefore, possibly more vulnerable to predation. Semipalmated Sandpipers appear to be flexible during their time in the upper Bay of Fundy, displaying year-to-year and site-to-site variability in movement and mudflat usage. Therefore, multiple, synchronized population counts should be conducted at known roost sites in order to more accurately estimate Semipalmated Sandpiper abundance in this region. Furthermore, in a highly dynamic system where food can be variable, landscape features such as distance to cover may be important factors to consider when selecting candidate sites for shorebird conservation measures.

Movements and Habitat Use by Temperate-Nesting Canada Geese During the Postbreeding Period in Southern Québec

Individual behavior that reduces vulnerability to predation can affect population dynamics of animals. Temperate-nesting Canada Geese (Branta canadensis maxima) have increased steadily throughout the Atlantic flyway and have become a nuisance in some parts of their range. The objective of our study was to describe movements and habitat use during the postbreeding period of Canada Geese recently established in southern Québec. More specifically, we wanted to determine whether geese were using areas where hunting was allowed to assess the potential of harvest to control the number of geese. We tracked a sample of geese fitted with radio or conventional alphanumeric collars throughout the fall in three zones characterized by different habitats and hunting pressure. Before the hunting season, geese left the breeding area where hunting was allowed to reach suburban areas where firearm discharge was prohibited or hunters’ numbers were low. These postbreeding movements occurred when juveniles were approximately three months old. We observed few local movements among zones once migrant geese from northern breeding populations reached the study area. Radio-collared geese used mainly natural habitats (75.4 ± 2.6%), followed by urban (14.4 ± 2.7%), and agricultural habitats (10.3 ± 0.8%). They were located 73.8 ± 6.2% of the time in areas where hunting was prohibited. Geese that attended their juveniles during brood rearing were more prone to use areas where firearm discharge was restricted than geese that had abandoned or lost their brood. This study shows that under the prevailing regulations, the potential of hunting to manage the increasing breeding population of Canada Geese in southern Québec is limited.