A Tribo : o teatro como ferramenta para a liberdade : trabalho de projeto

Trabalho de Projeto submetido à Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Teatro - especialização em Teatro e Comunidade.

Modelling the Contribution of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra to Radiation Dose and Risk from Airborne Discharges of Coal-Fired Power Plants

Coal contains trace elements and naturally occurring radionuclides such as 40K, 232Th, 238U. When coal is burned, minerals, including most of the radionuclides, do not burn and concentrate in the ash several times in comparison with their content in coal. Usually, a small fraction of the fly ash produced (2-5%) is released into the atmosphere. The activities released depend on many factors (concentration in coal, ash content and inorganic matter of the coal, combustion temperature, ratio between bottom and fly ash, filtering system). Therefore, marked differences should be expected between the by-products produced and the amount of activity discharged (per unit of energy produced) from different coal-fired power plants. In fact, the effects of these releases on the environment due to ground deposition have been received some attention but the results from these studies are not unanimous and cannot be understood as a generic conclusion for all coal-fired power plants. In this study, the dispersion modelling of natural radionuclides was carried out to assess the impact of continuous atmospheric releases from a selected coal plant. The natural radioactivity of the coal and the fly ash were measured and the dispersion was modelled by a Gaussian plume estimating the activity concentration at different heights up to a distance of 20 km in several wind directions. External and internal doses (inhalation and ingestion) and the resulting risk were calculated for the population living within 20 km from the coal plant. In average, the effective dose is lower than the ICRP’s limit and the risk is lower than the U.S. EPA’s limit. Therefore, in this situation, the considered exposure does not pose any risk. However, when considering the dispersion in the prevailing wind direction, these values are significant due to an increase of 232Th and 226Ra concentrations in 75% and 44%, respectively.

Descending pain modulation in a Kaolin-induced hydrocephalus rat model

Pain transmission at the spinal cord is modulated by descending actions that arise from supraspinal areas which collectively form the endogenous pain control system. Two key areas involved of the endogenous pain control system have a circunventricular location, namely the periaqueductal grey (PAG) and the locus coeruleus (LC). The PAG plays a crucial role in descending pain modulation as it conveys the input from higher brain centers to the spinal cord. As to the LC, it is involved in descending pain inhibition by direct noradrenergic projections to the spinal cord. In the context of neurological defects, several diseases may affect the structure and function of the brain. Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired disease characterized by an enlargement of the ventricles which leads to a distortion of the adjacent tissues, including the PAG and LC. Usually, patients suffering from hydrocephalus present dysfunctions in learning and memory and also motor deficits. It remains to be evaluated if lesions of the periventricular brain areas involved in pain control during hydrocephalus may affect descending pain control and, herein, affect pain responses. The studies included in the present thesis used an experimental model of hydrocephalus (the rat injected in the cisterna magna with kaolin) to study descending modulation of pain, focusing on the two circumventricular regions referred above (the PAG and the LC). In order to evaluate the effects of kaolin injection into the cisterna magna, we measured the degree of ventricular dilatation in sections encompassing the PAG by standard cytoarquitectonic stanings (thionin staining). For the LC, immunodetection of the noradrenaline-synthetizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was performed, due to the noradrenergic nature of the LC neurons. In general, rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus presented a higher dilatation of the 4th ventricle, along with a tendency to a higher area of the PAG. Due to the validated role of detection the c-fos protooncogene as a marker of neuronal activation, we also studied neuronal activation in the several subnuclei which compose the PAG, namely the dorsomedial, dorsolateral, lateral and ventrolateral (VLPAG) parts. A decrease in the numbers of neurons immunoreactive for Fos protein (the product of activation of the c-fos protooncogene) was detected in rats injected with kaolin, whereas the remaining PAG subnuclei did not present changes in Fos-immunoreactive nuclei. Increases in the levels of TH in the LC, namely at the rostral parts of the nucleus, were detected in hydrocephalic animals. The following pain-related parameters were measured, namely 1) pain behavioural responses in a validated pain inflammatory test (the formalin test) and 2) the nociceptive activation of spinal cord neurons. A decrease in behavioral responses was detected in rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus was detected, namely in the second phase of the test (inflammatory phase). This is the phase of the formalin test in which the motor behaviour is less important, which is important since a semi-quantitative analysis of the motor performance of rats injected with kaolin indicates that these animals may present some motor impairments. Collectively, the results of the behavioral studies indicate that rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus exhibit hypoalgesia. A decrease in Fos expression was detected at the superficial dorsal layers of the spinal cord in rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus, further indicating that hydrocephalus decreases nociceptive responses. It remains to be ascertained if this is due to alterations in the PAG and LC in the rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus, which may affect descending pain modulation. It remains to be evaluated what are the mechanisms underlying the increased pain inhibition at the spinal dorsal horn in the hydrocephalus rats. Regarding the VLPAG, the decrease in neuronal activity may impair descending modulation. Since the LC has higher levels of TH in rats with kaolininduced hydrocephalus, which also appears to increase the noradrenergic innervation in the spinal dorsal horn, it is possible that an increase in the release of noradrenaline at the spinal cord accounts for pain inhibition. Our studies also determine the need to study in detail patients with hydrocephalus namely in what concerns their thresholds to pain and to perform imaging studies focused on the structure and function of pain control areas in the brain.

Controller implementation using analog reconfigurable hardware (FPAA)

This Thesis has the main target to make a research about FPAA/dpASPs devices and technologies applied to control systems. These devices provide easy way to emulate analog circuits that can be reconfigurable by programming tools from manufactures and in case of dpASPs are able to be dynamically reconfigurable on the fly. It is described different kinds of technologies commercially available and also academic projects from researcher groups. These technologies are very recent and are in ramp up development to achieve a level of flexibility and integration to penetrate more easily the market. As occurs with CPLD/FPGAs, the FPAA/dpASPs technologies have the target to increase the productivity, reducing the development time and make easier future hardware reconfigurations reducing the costs. FPAA/dpAsps still have some limitations comparing with the classic analog circuits due to lower working frequencies and emulation of complex circuits that require more components inside the integrated circuit. However, they have great advantages in sensor signal condition, filter circuits and control systems. This thesis focuses practical implementations of these technologies to control system PID controllers. The result of the experiments confirms the efficacy of FPAA/dpASPs on signal condition and control systems.

Pozzolanic components in lime mortars: correlating behaviour, composition and microstructure.

Int. J. for Restoration of Buildings and Monuments, vol.11, nº 2 (2005), p.111-118

Analysis of chromium behaviour and speciation during the electrodialytic process

The interest in chromium (Cr) arises from the widespread use of this heavy metal in various industrial processes that cause its release as liquid, solid and gaseous waste into the environment. The impact of Cr on the environment and living organisms primarily depends on its chemical form, since Cr(III) is an essential micronutrient for humans, other animals and plants, and Cr(VI) is highly toxic and a known human carcinogen. This study aimed to evaluate if the electrodialytic process (ED) is an appropriate treatment for Cr removal, through a critical overview of Cr speciation, before and after the ED experiments, to assess possible Cr(III)-Cr(VI) interconversions during the treatment. ED was the treatment technique applied to two types of matrices containing Cr: chromate copper arsenate (CCA) contaminated soil and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash. In order to study Cr remediation, three EDR set-ups were used: a new set-up, the combined cell (2/3C or 3/2C), with three compartments, alternating current between two anodes and different initial experimental conditions, one set-up with three compartments (3C cell) and the other set-up with two compartments (2C cell). The Cr removal rates obtained in this study were between 10-36% for the soil, and 1-13% for the fly ash. The highest Cr removal rates were achieved in the 26 days experiments: 36% for the soil, 13% for the fly ash. Regarding the 13 days experiments, the highest Cr removal rates were attained with the 2/3C set-up: 24% for the soil, 5% for the fly ash. The analysis of Cr(VI) was performed before and after ED experiments to evaluate eventual changes in Cr speciation during the treatment. This analysis was conducted by two methods: USEPA Method 3060A, for the extraction of Cr(VI); and Hach Company Method 8023, for the detection of Cr(VI). Despite the differences in Cr total concentration, both matrices presented a similar speciation, with Cr(III) being the main species found and Cr(VI) less than 3% of Cr total, before and after the treatment. For fly ash, Cr(VI) was initially below the detection limit of the method and remained that way after the treatment. For soil, Cr(VI) decreased after the treatment. Oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) did not occur during the ED process since there was no increase in Cr(VI) in the matrices after the treatment. Hence, the results of this study indicate that ED is an appropriate technique to remediate matrices containing Cr because it contributes to Cr removal, without causing Cr(III)-Cr(VI) interconversions.

Occurrences of flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) on human cadavers in Switzerland, and their importance as forensic indicators.

From 1993 to 2008, criminal investigations were conducted in the western part of Switzerland with special attention to blowfly and flesh fly species in order to estimate the post-mortem interval when requested by the police authorities. Flesh flies were found in only 33 cases out of 160. Five species of the genus Sarcophaga were identified (S. africa, S. argyrostoma, S. caerulescens, S. similis and S. sp.). The main species found on corpses (larval stage) was S. argyrostoma. The thermal constant (K) calculated for this species in Switzerland is 380.6 ± 16.3 (mean ± S.D.) degree-days. With the exception of S. caerulescens, found three times in the larval stage on corpses, the three other species are of minor forensic importance. S. argyrostoma is found during summer and indoors. This species colonises dead bodies, usually the same day as blowfly species, and it could be used to estimate the post-mortem interval. Other species are discussed in the light of current knowledge on their biology and ecology. It is recommended that voucher material be deposited in a museum, allowing further studies by relevant specialists, thereby helping investigators and avoiding misidentifications.

Female plumage spottiness and parasite resistance in the barn owl (Tyto alba)

The hypothesis that extravagant ornaments signal parasite resistance has received support in several species for ornamented males but more rarely for ornamented females. However, recent theories have proposed that females should often be under sexual selection, and therefore females may signal the heritable capacity to resist parasites. We investigated this hypothesis in the socially monogamous barn owl, Tyto alba, in which females exhibit on average more and larger black spots on the plumage than males, and in which males were suggested to choose a mate with respect to female plumage spottiness. We hypothesized that the proportion of the plumage surface covered by black spots signals parasite resistance. In line with this hypothesis, we found that the ectoparasitic fly, Carnus hemapterus, was less abundant on young raised by more heavily spotted females and those flies were less fecund. In an experiment, where entire clutches were cross-fostered between nests, we found that the fecundity of the flies collected on nestlings was negatively correlated with the genetic mother's plumage spottiness. These results suggest that the ability to resist parasites covaries with the extent of female plumage spottiness. Among females collected dead along roads, those with a lot of black spots had a small bursa of Fabricius. Given that parasites bigger the development of this immune organ, this observation further suggests that more spotted females are usually less parasitized. The same analyses performed on male plumage spottiness all provided non-significant results. To our knowledge, this study is the first one showing that a heritable secondary sexual characteristics displayed by females reflects parasite resistance.

Recurrent loss of heterozygosity in 1p36 associated with TNFRSF14 mutations in IRF4 translocation negative pediatric follicular lymphomas.

Pediatric follicular lymphoma is a rare disease that differs genetically and clinically from its adult counterpart. With the exception of pediatric follicular lymphoma with IRF4-translocation, the genetic events associated with these lymphomas have not yet been defined. We applied array-comparative genomic hybridization and molecular inversion probe assay analyses to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 18 patients aged 18 years and under with IRF4 translocation negative follicular lymphoma. All evaluable cases lacked t(14;18). Only 6 of 16 evaluable cases displayed chromosomal imbalances with gains or amplifications of 6pter-p24.3 (including IRF4) and deletion and copy number neutral-loss of heterozygosity in 1p36 (including TNFRSF14) being most frequent. Sequencing of TNFRSF14 located in the minimal region of loss in 1p36.32 showed nine mutations in 7 cases from our series. Two subsets of pediatric follicular lymphoma were delineated according to the presence of molecular alterations, one with genomic aberrations associated with higher grade and/or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma component and more widespread disease, and another one lacking genetic alterations associated with more limited disease.

Do glial cells control pain?

Management of chronic pain is a real challenge, and current treatments focusing on blocking neurotransmission in the pain pathway have only resulted in limited success. Activation of glia cells has been widely implicated in neuroinflammation in the central nervous system, leading to neruodegeneration in many disease conditions such as Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis. The inflammatory mediators released by activated glial cells, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β can not only cause neurodegeneration in these disease conditions, but also cause abnormal pain by acting on spinal cord dorsal horn neurons in injury conditions. Pain can also be potentiated by growth factors such as BDNF and bFGF that are produced by glia to protect neurons. Thus, glia cells can powerfully control pain when they are activated to produce various pain mediators. We will review accumulating evidence supporting an important role of microglia cells in the spinal cord for pain control under injury conditions (e.g. nerve injury). We will also discuss possible signaling mechanisms in particular MAP kinase pathways that are critical for glia control of pain. Investigating signaling mechanisms in microglia may lead to more effective management of devastating chronic pain.

Structural Validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) in a French-speaking Swiss sample

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fourth edition (i.e. WISC-IV) recognizes a four-factor scoring structure in addition to the Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) score: Verbal Comprehension (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning (PRI), Working Memory (WMI), and Processing Speed (PSI) indices. However, several authors suggested that models based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory with 5 or 6 factors provided a better fit to the data than does the current four-factor solution. By comparing the current four-factor structure to CHC-based models, this research aimed to investigate the factorial structure and the constructs underlying the WISC-IV subtest scores with French-speaking Swiss children (N = 249). To deal with this goal, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted. Results showed that a CHC-based model with five factors better fitted the French-Swiss data than did the current WISC-IV scoring structure. All together, these results support the hypothesis of the appropriateness of the CHC model with French-speaking children.

The four- vs. alternative six-factor structure of the French WISC-IV: Comparison using confirmatory factor analyses

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses reported in the French technical manual of the WISC-IV provides evidence supporting a structure with four indices: Verbal Comprehension (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning (PRI), Working Memory (WMI), and Processing Speed (PSI). Although the WISC-IV is more attuned to contemporary theory, it is still not in total accordance with the dominant theory: the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive ability. This study was designed to determine whether the French WISC-IV is better described with the four-factor solution or whether an alternative model based on the CHC theory is more appropriate. The intercorrelations matrix reported in the French technical manual was submitted to confirmatory factor analysis. A comparison of competing models suggests that a model based on the CHC theory fits the data better than the current WISC-IV structure. It appears that the French WISC-IV in fact measures six factors: crystallized intelligence (Gc), fluid intelligence (Gf), short-term memory (Gsm), processing speed (Gs), quantitative knowledge (Gq), and visual processing (Gv). We recommend that clinicians interpret the subtests of the French WISC-IV in relation to this CHC model in addition to the four indices.

Survey on current practices for neurological prognostication after cardiac arrest.

PURPOSE: To investigate current practices and timing of neurological prognostication in comatose cardiac arrest patients. METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to the 8000 members of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine during September and October 2012. The survey had 27 questions divided into three categories: background data, clinical data, decision-making and consequences. RESULTS: A total of 1025 respondents (13%) answered the survey with complete forms in more than 90%. Twenty per cent of respondents practiced outside of Europe. Overall, 22% answered that they had national recommendations, with the highest percentage in the Netherlands (>80%). Eighty-nine per cent used induced hypothermia (32-34 °C) for comatose cardiac arrest patients, while 11% did not. Twenty per cent had separate prognostication protocols for hypothermia patients. Seventy-nine per cent recognized that neurological examination alone is not enough to predict outcome and a similar number (76%) used additional methods. Intermittent electroencephalography (EEG), brain computed tomography (CT) scan and evoked potentials (EP) were considered most useful. Poor prognosis was defined as cerebral performance category (CPC) 3-5 (58%) or CPC 4-5 (39%) or other (3%). When prognosis was considered poor, 73% would actively withdraw intensive care while 20% would not and 7% were uncertain. CONCLUSION: National recommendations for neurological prognostication after cardiac arrest are uncommon and only one physician out of five uses a separate protocol for hypothermia treated patients. A neurological examination alone was considered insufficient to predict outcome in comatose patients and most respondents advocated a multimodal approach: EEG, brain CT and EP were considered most useful. Uncertainty regarding neurological prognostication and decisions on level of care was substantial.

Registre des dépêches adressées et reçues par Henri, duc de Rohan, pendant son ambassade en Suisse, en l'année 1633. Copies.

Contient : 1 « Coppie de la lettre du roy LOUIS [XIII] aux quatre cantons evangeliques, du 10 febvrier 1633, sur la revocation de [l'] ambassade » du duc de Rohan « en Suisse » ; 2 « Memoire envoyé en court » par le duc HENRI DE ROHAN, « touchant le refus qu'on fait de payer les emprunts faits » par lui « pour maintenir les trouppes du roy aux Grisons. Du 24 mars 1633 » ; 3 Lettre du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à St Germain en Laye, le 21 mars 1633 » ; 4 Lettre de LEON « BOUTHILLIER [comte DE CHAVIGNY], secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan. « De Paris, le 22 mars 1633 » ; 5 à 8 Quatre lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 5 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 14 avril 1633, Zurich » ; 6 « à monseigneur Bouthillier. Dudit jour » ; 7 au cardinal de Richelieu. « Du 28 avril 1633, Zurich » ; 8 « à Mrde Bulion. Dudit jour » ; 9 « Despeche du roy » LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à Fontainebleau, le 12 may 1633 » ; 10 « Lettre de [CLAUDE] BOUTHILLIER » au duc de Rohan ; 11 « Instructions du roy » LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Fait à Fontainebleau, le 12 may 1633 » ; 12 et 13 Deux lettres du « roy LOUIS » XIII ; 12 « aux 13 cantons... Escrit à Fontainebleau, le 12 may 1633 » ; 13 « aux 7 cantons catholiques... Escrit à Fontainebleau, le 12 may 1633 ». Copies ; 14 à 22 Huit lettres et un mémoire du duc DE ROHAN ; 14 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 2e de juin 1633, Zurich » ; 15 au « cardinal » de Richelieu. « Dudit jour » ; 16 « au roy [Louis XIII]... Du 3 juin 1633, Zurich » ; 17 « à monseigneur Bouthillier. Dudit jour » ; 18 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Dudit jour » ; 19 « aux 13 cantons... 6 juin 1633, Zurich » ; 20 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 9 juin 1633, Zurich » ; 21 et 22 « à monseigneur Bouthillier » ; 21 « Dudit jour » ; 22 « Du 16 juin 1633, Zurich » ; 23 « Coppie de la lettre » du « Sr MOLONDIN » au duc de Rohan. « De Solleure, le 9 juin 1633 » ; 24 à 28 Quatre lettres et instruction du duc DE ROHAN ; 24 et 25 « à monseigneur de Bouthillier » ; 24 « Du 23 juin 1633, Zurich » ; 25 « Du 30 juin 1633, Zurich » ; 26 « aux 13 cantons. Du 6e juillet 1633 » ; 27 « au SrMollondin, s'en allant à l'assemblée de Bade. Dudit jour » ; 28 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat. Du 7 juillet 1633, Zurich » ; 29 « Coppie de la lettre » des « Valaisiens » au duc de Rohan. « Du 22 juin 1633 » ; 30 et 31 Deux lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 30 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 14 juillet 1633, Zurich » ; 31 « à MrBouthillier » ; 32 « Commission de lieutenant general pour commander l'armée aux Grisons », délivrée par le roi « LOUIS » XIII au duc de Rohan. « Donné à Forges, le 2e jour de juillet 1633 » ; 33 « Lettre du roy » LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à Forges, le 2 juillet 1633 » ; 34 « Memoire et instructions du roy [LOUIS XIII] sur les affaires des Grisons... Fait à Forges, le 3 jour de juillet 1633 » ; 35 Lettre du cardinal ARMAND-JEAN DU PLESSIS DE RICHELIEU au duc de Rohan. « Dudit jour » ; 36 Lettre de LEON « BOUTHILLIER » au duc de Rohan. « Dudit jour » ; 37 et 38 Deux lettres du « roy LOUIS » XIII ; 37 « aux Grisons... Escrit à Forges, le 2 juillet 1633 » ; 38 « à monseigneur Du Landé,... Escrit à Forges, le 2 juillet 1633 » ; 39 Lettre de LEON « BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat, à monseigneur Du Landé. Dudit jour » ; 40 à 42 Trois lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 40 « au roy [Louis XIII]... De Zurich, ce 21 juillet 1633 » ; 41 au « cardinal » de Richelieu. « Dudit jour » ; 42 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat. Dudit jour » ; 43 et 44 Deux lettres du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan ; 43 « Escrit à Chantilly, le 12e juillet 1633 » ; 44 S. l. n. d ; 45 Lettre de LEON « BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 46 « Lettre d'[ABEL] SERVIEN, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 47 à 57 Onze lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 47 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 28 juillet 1633, Zurich » ; 48 « à monseigneur de Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 49 « à monseigneur Servien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 50 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 51 « à monseigneur Servien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 52 « au pere Joseph » ; 53 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 2e aoust 1633, Coire » ; 54 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 55 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 5 aoust 1633, Coire » ; 56 « à monseigneur Servien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 57 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 58 « Memoires et remonstrances des gens de guerre... envoyez en court » par le duc de Rohan ; 59 « Memoire à monseigneur de Servien » ; 60 à 65 Cinq lettres et memoire du duc DE ROHAN ; 60 « au roy [Louis XIII]... Du 14 aoust 1633 » ; 61 au cardinal de Richelieu ; 62 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 63 « à monseigneur Servien » ; 64 « à Mrsde Bulion et Bouthillier, surintendans des finances » ; 65 « au roy [Louis XIII], sur les affaires des Grisons » ; 66 Lettre de LEON « BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan. « Du 2 aoust 1633 » ; 67 à 71 Cinq lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 67 « à monseigneur Servien. Du 23 aoust 1633, Coire » ; 68 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 69 « au pere Joseph » ; 70 « à monseigneur d'Amontot » ; 71 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat. Du 30e aoust 1633, Coire » ; 72 Lettre du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Chasteau Tierry, le 19e aoust 1633 » ; 73 Lettre du cardinal DE RICHELIEU au duc de Rohan ; 74 Lettre d'ABEL « SERVIEN » au duc de Rohan ; 75 Lettre de LEON « BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 76 « Lettre du pere JOSEPH » FRANÇOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY au duc de Rohan ; 77 à 81 Cinq lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 77 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 3 septembre 1633 » ; 78 au cardinal de Bichelieu ; 79 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 80 « à monseigneur Servien » ; 81 « au pere Joseph » ; 82 « Memoire sur les affaires des Grisons... 3??? septembre 1633 » ; 83 à 88 Six lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 83 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 11 septembre 1633, Coire » ; 84 au cardinal de Richelieu ; 85 « au pere Joseph » ; 86 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 87 « à monseigneur Servien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 88 au « Srd'Amontot » ; 89 « Memoire de ce qui est necessaire pour executer le dessein de la Valteline... Fait à Coire, le 11 septembre 1633 » ; 90 à 92 Deux lettres et instructions du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan ; 90 « Au camp de St Nicolas, le 8e jour de septembre 1633 » ; 91 S. l. n. d ; 92 « Fait au camp devant Nancy, le 8 septembre 1633 » ; 93 et 94 Deux lettres de LEON « BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 95 « Lettre du Sr D'AMONTOT au duc de Rohan ; 96 à 100 Cinq lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 96 au roi Louis XIII. « Du 19 septembre 1633 » ; 97 « au cardinal » de Richelieu. « Dudit jour » ; 98 et 99 « à monseigneur Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 100 « à monseigneur Servien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 101 « Memoire des desseins des Espagnols dans la Valteline, depuis leur passage dans ladite valée, des moyens de les empecher, et de l'estat present des affaires des Grisons. Dudit jour » ; 102 « Lettre du roy » LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « (Nancy, le 13 septembre 1633 » ; 103 « Memoire à Mrs de Rohan et Du Landé. Dudit jour » ; 104 « Lettre de [LEON] BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 105 « Lettre d'[ABEL] SERVIEN, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 106 « Lettre de [CLAUDE BOUTHILLIER, surintendant », au duc de Rohan ; 107 et 108 Deux lettres « du Sr D'AMONTOT » au duc de Rohan ; 109 et 110 Deux lettres du roi LOUIS XIII ; 109 au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à Forges, le dernier juin 1633 » ; 110 « au canton de Zurich. Dudit jour » ; 111 Lettre du duc DE ROHAN « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 4 d'ottobre 1633, Zurich » ; 112 à 114 Trois lettres du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan ; 112 « Escrit au camp devant Nancy, le 19 septembre 1633 » ; 113 « Escrit à Nancy, le 25 septembre 1633 » ; 114 « Escrit à Nancy, le 27 septembre 1633 » ; 115 et 116 Deux lettres de LEON « BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 117 « Lettre que les cantons catholiques ont escrite au roy, touchant le siege de Constance... Lucerne, le 13e septembre 1633 » ; 118 à 121 Quatre lettres du roi LOUIS XIII ; 118 aux cantons catholiques. « Escrit à Nancy, le 27 septembre 1633 » ; 119 « aux cantons evangeliques... Escrit à Nancy, le 27 septembre 1633 » ; 120 « à Mr le mareschal Horn,... Escrit à Nancy, le 27 septembre 1653 » ; 121 « aux cantons catholiques, touchant la protection de l'evesque de Basle. Du 12 septembre 168???3, Zurich » ; 122 à 127 Six lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 122 « au roy [Louis XIII] » ; 123 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 124 « à MrServien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 125 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 18 ottobre 1633, Coire » ; 126 « à Mr le cardinal » de Richelieu ; 127 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 128 et 129 Lettre et mémoire du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à Commercy, le 2 d'octobre 1633 » ; 130 « Lettre de [LEON] BOUTHILLIER, secretaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 131 « Lettre d'[ABEL] DE SERVIEN » au duc de Rohan ; 132 à 134 Trois lettres de « LOUIS » XIII ; 132 « à la Republique de Venise... 2 octobre 1633 » ; 133 « à Mrde La Thuillerie,... Escrit à Commercy, le 2 jour d'octobre 1633 » ; 134 « aux 13 cantons... Escrit à Commerci, le 2 octobre 1633 » ; 135 à 137 Trois lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 135 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 25 octobre 1633, de Coire » ; 136 « à Mrde Bouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 137 « à MrServien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 138 « Lettre du roy LOUIS » XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit au camp devant Nancy, le 3 septembre 1633 » ; 139 à 149 Onze lettres du duc HENRI DE ROHAN ; 139 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 1 novembre 1633 » ; 140 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat. Dudit jour » ; 141 et 142 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 8 novembre 1633, Coire » ; 143 « à Mrsles surintendans. Dudit jour » ; 144 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 145 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 15 novembre 1633. De Coire » ; 146 « à Mrde Bullion » ; 147 « à MrBouthillier » ; 148 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 18 novembre 1633, Coire » ; 149 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 150 « Responce de la Republique de Venise, faite à Mr de La Thuillerie, touchant l'affaire de la Valteline ». En italien ; 151 « Memoire » du duc DE ROHAN « à [la duchesse de Rohan], touchant la depesche que le Sr Prioleau a aportée de Venise... Fait à Coire, ce 18 novembre 1633 » ; 152 « Relation du Sr PRIOLO, à son retour de Venise. Novembre » ; 153 et 154 Lettre et memoire du roi LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à St Germain en Laye, le 4e novembre 1633 » ; 155 « Lettre de [LEON] BOUTHILLIER, secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan. « Dudit jour » ; 156 « Lettre de [CLAUDE] DE BULLION, le surintendant », au duc de Rohan. « De Paris, le XIIe novembre 1633 » ; 157 à 174 Quinze lettres et trois mémoires du duc DE ROHAN. Lettres ; 157 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 2e decembre 1633. De Coire » ; 158 «à Mr le cardinal » de Richelieu ; 159 « à Mrde Bullion, le surintendant » ; 160 « à MrBouthillier, le surintendant » ; 161 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 162 à MrServien, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 163 « au pere Joseph » ; 164 et 165 « au roy [Louis XIII]. 5 decembre 1633, Coire » ; 166 « à Mrde Bullion, le surintendant » ; 167 « à MrBouthillier, le surintendant » ; 168 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 169 « au pere Joseph » ; 170 « à Mr le cardinal » de Richelieu ; 171 « pour estre donné au roy [Louis XIII]. par Mr de Bullion, touchant le dessein de la Valteline » ; 172 « particulier, baillé à Mrde Bullion » ; 173 « de quelques despences extraordinaires faites par le commandement du roy, ou desquelles on ne se pouvoit passer. Dudit jour 5 decembre 1633 » ; 174 « au roy [Louis XIII], du 8 decembre 1633, en faveur du Sr Moline, pour le regiment du Sr Schaustein » ; 175 « Escrit dudit Sr SCHAUSTEIN en faveur du Sr Moline » ; 176 à 183 Huit lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 176 « au roy [Louis XIII]. 13 decembre 1633, Coire » ; 177 « à Mrde Bullion, le commissaire » ; 178 « au pere Joseph » ; 179 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 180 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 20 decembre 1633, Coire » ; 181 « au pere Joseph » ; 182 « à MrBouthillier, secrettaire d'Estat » ; 183 à « Mrde Bullion, le commissaire » ; 184 « Accord passé, le 6e decembre 1633, sur le restablissement des capucins en l'Engadine basse ». En italien ; 185 « Accord passé, le 7e decembre 1633, entre les catholiques et protestans de Ste Marie du Val ». En italien ; 186 à 189 Quatre lettres du duc DE ROHAN ; 186 « au roy [Louis XIII]. Du 27 decembre 1633 » ; 187 « à Mr le cardinal » de Richelieu. « Du mesme jour » ; 188 « à MrBouthillier, secretaire d'Estat. Du mesme jour » ; 189 « à Mrde Bullion, le commissaire general. Du mesme jour » ; 190 « Lettre du roy » LOUIS XIII au duc de Rohan. « Escrit à St Germain en Laye, le 1 decembre 1633 » ; 191 « Lettre de [LEON] BOUTHILLIER, le secrettaire d'Estat », au duc de Rohan ; 192 « Lettre du roy LOUIS [XIII] aux cantons catholiques, en responce de la plainte qu'ils avoient faite contre [le duc de Rohan]... Escrit à St Germain en Laye, le 1er jour de decembre 1633 »

Brock U Swim Club

13 year old Bini Gras just finishing her 200m fly in 1985.