Brachiaria species affecting soil nitrification

Nitrification can lead to substantial losses of the applied N through nitrate leaching and N2O emission. The regulation of nitrification may be a strategy to improve fertilizer N recovery and increase its agronomic efficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibiting capacity of nitrification in soil by Brachiaria species. The greenhouse experiment was conducted using pots with 10 dm³ of a Red Latosol sample. The treatments consisted of the cultivation of three forage species (Brachiaria brizantha, B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens) and four n rates (0, 100, 200, and 300 mg/pot), and the control (without plants). In the absence of the forage plants, all N fertilization levels raised the N-NO3- soil levels, as a result of nitrification. The mineralization of organic matter supplied much of the N requirement of the forage plants and nitrification was influenced in the rhizosphere of B. brizantha; however, this effect was not high enough to alter the N-NH4+ level in the total soil volume of the pot.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization of potato somatohaploids and their somatic hybrid donors using two Solanum brevidens specific sequences

Selostus: Perunan somaattisten hybridien ja niiden somatohaploidien fluoresenssi in situ -hybridisaatio Solanum brevidens -lajin spesifisten sekvenssien avulla

Comparative assessment of intimal hyperplasia development after 14 days in two different experimental settings: tissue culture versus ex vivo continuous perfusion of human saphenous vein.

BACKGROUND: Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is a vascular remodeling process which often leads to failure of arterial bypass or hemodialysis access. Experimental and clinical work have provided insight in IH development; however, further studies under precise controlled conditions are required to improve therapeutic strategies to inhibit IH development. Ex vivo perfusion of human vessel segments under standardized hemodynamic conditions may provide an adequate experimental approach for this purpose. Therefore, chronically perfused venous segments were studied and compared to traditional static culture procedures with regard to functional and histomorphologic characteristics as well as gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Static vein culture allowing high tissue viability was performed as previously described. Ex vivo vein support system (EVVSS) was performed using a vein support system consisting of an incubator with a perfusion chamber and a pump. EVVSS allows vessel perfusion under continuous flow while maintaining controlled hemodynamic conditions. Each human saphenous vein was divided in two parts, one cultured in a Pyrex dish and the other part perfused in EVVSS for 14days. Testing of vasomotion, histomorphometry, expression of CD 31, Factor VIII, MIB 1, alpha-actin, and PAI-l were determined before and after 14days of either experimental conditions. RESULTS: Human venous segments cultured under traditional or perfused conditions exhibited similar IH after 14 days as shown by histomorphometry. Smooth-muscle cell (SMC) was preserved after chronic perfusion. Although integrity of both endothelial and smooth-muscle cells appears to be maintained in both culture conditions as confirmed by CD31, factor VIII, and alpha-actin expression, a few smooth-muscle cells in the media stained positive for factor VIII. Cell-proliferation marker MIB-1 was also detected in the two settings and PAI-1 mRNA expression and activity increased significantly after 14 days of culture and perfusion. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the feasibility to chronically perfuse human vessels under sterile conditions with preservation of cellular integrity and vascular contractility. To gain insights into the mechanisms leading to IH, it will now be possible to study vascular remodeling not only under static conditions but also in hemodynamic environment mimicking as closely as possible the flow conditions encountered in reconstructive vascular surgery.

In situ fast ellipsometric analysis of repetitive surface phenomena

We present an ellipsometric technique and ellipsometric analysis of repetitive phenomena, based on the experimental arrangement of conventional phase modulated ellipsometers (PME) c onceived to study fast surface phenomena in repetitive processes such as periodic and triggered experiments. Phase modulated ellipsometry is a highly sensitive surface characterization technique that is widely used in the real-time study of several processes such as thin film deposition and etching. However, fast transient phenomena cannot be analyzed with this technique because precision requirements limit the data acquisition rate to about 25 Hz. The presented new ellipsometric method allows the study of fast transient phenomena in repetitive processes with a time resolution that is mainly limited by the data acquisition system. As an example, we apply this new method to the study of surface changes during plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of amorphous silicon in a modulated radio frequency discharge of SiH4. This study has revealed the evolution of the optical parameters of the film on the millisecond scale during the plasma on and off periods. The presented ellipsometric method extends the capabilities of PME arrangements and permits the analysis of fast surface phenomena that conventional PME cannot achieve.

Using flow cytometry for in situ monitoring of antimicrobial compound production in the biocontrol bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0

Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CHA0 is able to protect plants against a variety of pathogens, notably by producing the two antimicrobial compounds 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) and pyoluteorin (PLT). The regulation of the expression of these compounds is affected by many biotic factors, such as fungal pathogens, rhizosphere bacteria as well as plant species. Therefore, the influence of some plant phenolic compounds on the expression of DAPG and PLT biosynthetic genes has been tested using GFP-based reporter, monitored by standard fluometry and flow cytometry. In situ experiments were also performed with cucumber plants. We found that several plant metabolites such as IAA and umbelliferone are able to modify significantly the expression of DAPG and PLT. The use of flow cytometry with autofluorescents proteins seems to be a promising method to study rhizobacteria-plant interactions.

The Challenge of Housing for Ex-Offenders, Data Download, Iowa Department of Corrections, September 2010

On October 5, 2010 there were 25,829 probationers and parolees (including special sentence) under community-based corrections field supervision statewide. As shown in the pie charts below, LSI-R offender assessments show that a sizeable percent of offenders are dissatisfied with their living accommodations – particularly for higher risk offenders.

Ex-Offenders in Employment, 2005

Currently, Iowa law lacks statutory language that would include Iowans with a criminal history as a protected class (this lack of coverage mirrors most of the nation). However, Iowa has been shown to parallel EEOC guidance that states that an employer may exclude an individual from employment on the basis of a conviction record only if the employer’s decision was “justified by business necessity.”

Sceaux détachés (originaux en cire), cachets, armoiries, jetons et médailles, dessinés ou gravés. XI 356 numéros (ex-libris armoriés, sceaux dessinés ou gravés, cachets, armoiries, dessins de jetons et médailles, etc.).

Contient : N° 53 Sceau de Catherine d'Alençon, duchesse de Bavière (1416) ; Nos 56 et 57 Sceaux de Jean, duc de Calabre et de Lorraine (31 octobre 1465) et de son fils aîné ; N° 58 Sceau de Marguerite, reine d'Angleterre (1470) ; N° 59 Sceau de Bernardin Bochetel, évêque de Rennes (1564) ; N° 61 « S. Petri, Dei gratia archiepiscopi Tholosani » [Pierre V de Lion ?] ; Nos 62 et 64 Sceau de Robert d'Alençon, comte du Perche (1370 et 1375) ; Nos 72 et 81 Médailles du roi René (dessins) ; N° 73 Sceau de Jeanne, reine de Jérusalem, Sicile et Aragon (1498), avec contre-sceau ; N° 74 Sceau et contre-sceau de Louis de France, duc d'Anjou et roi de Sicile ; N° 75 Sceau d'Isabelle, comtesse du Maine et de Guise (1462), avec contresceau ; N° 76 Sceau et contre-sceau de René d'Anjou, roi de Sicile et de Jérusalem ; N° 77 « [S. Nicolai] ducis Calabrie, Lotharingie, A[ndegavie]..., » avec contre-sceau ; N° 78 Sceau de Pierre, comte d'Alençon, seigneur de Fougères, vicomte de Beaumont (1378), avec contre-sceau ; Nos 79 et 82 Sceau et contre-sceau de Louis II, roi de Jérusalem et de Sicile et comte d'Anjou (1407 et 1408) ; Nos 80 et 88 Sceau et contre-sceau de Robert, comte d'Artois ; N° 84 « S. novum Ludovici, regis Fran. filii, ducis Andegavensis et comitis Cenomannensis, » avec contre-sceau (1374) ; N° 85 Sceau et contre-sceau de Catherine, fille aînée du duc d'Alençon, « comtesse de Montfort, dame de Sonois » ; N° 86 Sceau et contre-sceau de Charles, comte du Maine (1451) ; N° 87 « Scel René d'Anjou, chlr., baron et s. de Mézières et de Thury, » avec contre-sceau ; N° 89 Sceau de Yolande reine de Jérusalem et de Sicile (1428) ; N° 94 Sceau d'Henri de Carinthie, évêque de Troyes ; cf. vol. 3101, n° 8 ; N° 101 Sceau de Charles, comte d'Alençon (1361) ; N° 112 Sceau d'Antoine de Cravant, abbé de la Trinité de Vendôme ; cf. vol. 3113, n° 7 ; N° 113 « Sigillum Johannis, episcopi Silvanectensis » [Jean Neveu † 1499, ou Jean Calveau † 1522] ; N° 115 Sceau de Jean de Tinteniac du Percher, abbé de Saint-Aubin († 1525) ; N° 120 « Scel Pierre, bastart d'Alençon » (1419) ; N° 128 « Constras. Ludovici, regis condam Francor. filii, ducis Andegavie et comit. Cenamanie. » ; N° 154 Sceau de Mathieu, évêque de Troyes (1169-1180) ; N° 257 Sceau de René, duc d'Alençon (1478)

Noctes atticae. Volume 1 / . Ex editione Jacobi Gronovii, cum notis et interpretatione in usum Delphini, variis lectionibus, notis variorum, recensu editionum et codicum et indice locupletissimo, accurate recensitae. Auli Gellii

[Nuits attiques]

Procedure for human saphenous veins ex vivo perfusion and external reinforcement.

The mainstay of contemporary therapies for extensive occlusive arterial disease is venous bypass graft. However, its durability is threatened by intimal hyperplasia (IH) that eventually leads to vessel occlusion and graft failure. Mechanical forces, particularly low shear stress and high wall tension, are thought to initiate and to sustain these cellular and molecular changes, but their exact contribution remains to be unraveled. To selectively evaluate the role of pressure and shear stress on the biology of IH, an ex vivo perfusion system (EVPS) was created to perfuse segments of human saphenous veins under arterial regimen (high shear stress and high pressure). Further technical innovations allowed the simultaneous perfusion of two segments from the same vein, one reinforced with an external mesh. Veins were harvested using a no-touch technique and immediately transferred to the laboratory for assembly in the EVPS. One segment of the freshly isolated vein was not perfused (control, day 0). The two others segments were perfused for up to 7 days, one being completely sheltered with a 4 mm (diameter) external mesh. The pressure, flow velocity, and pulse rate were continuously monitored and adjusted to mimic the hemodynamic conditions prevailing in the femoral artery. Upon completion of the perfusion, veins were dismounted and used for histological and molecular analysis. Under ex vivo conditions, high pressure perfusion (arterial, mean = 100 mm Hg) is sufficient to generate IH and remodeling of human veins. These alterations are reduced in the presence of an external polyester mesh.