Espacios relacionales de organizaciones cross‐culturales en el contexto de la globalización contemporánea

En este estudio se describen los espacios geográficos y el fenómeno técnico como una construcción relacional, discursiva e histórica de organizaciones cross-culturales, identificando la lógica, las formas, contenidos y comportamientos que afectan las prácticas, filosofías y estrategias de organizaciones transfronterizas. Las técnicas y métodos empleados surgen de la evolución de la investigación cualitativa de los años 90 y principios del nuevo milenio basados en formas de interpretación como el análisis del discurso, imágenes, videos, documentos institucionales, bases de datos organizacionales entre otros. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran que los espacios o cortes relacionales de organizaciones cross-culturales son construidos por el espectro de culturas en un sentido solidario de convergencia de acciones y eventos para lograr una coherencia e intencionalidad global. En este escenario el fenómeno técnico esta presente como un protocolo de comunicación que transmite la intencionalidad creando espacios geográficos artificiales y descartables que afectan y cambian el tiempo y el espacio de organizaciones transfronterizadas.

The triggers of competitiveness: the EFIGE cross-country report. Bruegel Blueprint 17, 17 July 2012

There is a pressing need for Europe to grow out of the crisis, meaning that Europe needs to become more competitive, enabling it to capture growth currently taking place mainly in emerging markets. But what are the triggers of competitiveness? The EFIGE project, led by Bruegel, takes a fresh look by inquiring into the determinants of firm-level international performance – focusing on external competitiveness. In the competitiveness debate, it is crucial to understand not only the macroeconomic challenge, but also to find the right micro-level triggers that will generate growth and exports. The authors identify firm-level total factor productivity as a major determinant of growth and exports. Human capital, research, equity finance and performance based incentives for employees also play their parts. Moreover, size matters and large firms typically are much better exporters than their smaller counterparts. This report builds on previous EFIGE research and studies in depth firm performance in seven countries (Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom) to identify the triggers of competitiveness.

Significance of cross correlations in the stress relaxation of polymer melts

According to linear response theory, all relaxation functions in the linear regime can be obtained using time correlation functions calculated under equilibrium. In this paper, we demonstrate that the cross correlations make a significant contribution to the partial stress relaxation functions in polymer melts. We present two illustrations in the context of polymer rheology using (1) Brownian dynamics simulations of a single chain model for entangled polymers, the slip-spring model, and (2) molecular dynamics simulations of a multichain model. Using the single chain model, we analyze the contribution of the confining potential to the stress relaxation and the plateau modulus. Although the idea is illustrated with a particular model, it applies to any single chain model that uses a potential to confine the motion of the chains. This leads us to question some of the assumptions behind the tube theory, especially the meaning of the entanglement molecular weight obtained from the plateau modulus. To shed some light on this issue, we study the contribution of the nonbonded excluded-volume interactions to the stress relaxation using the multichain model. The proportionality of the bonded/nonbonded contributions to the total stress relaxation (after a density dependent "colloidal" relaxation time) provides some insight into the success of the tube theory in spite of using questionable assumptions. The proportionality indicates that the shape of the relaxation spectrum can indeed be reproduced using the tube theory and the problem is reduced to that of finding the correct prefactor. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics