963 resultados para atmosfera de forno


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Coumarin is a natural active compound that can be found in many plants. The coumarins have many properties such as bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antibiotics, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and antiviral, thus, they are widely used in medical applications. More recently the coumarin derivatives have attracted the interest of many research groups in the field of new materials, for example the possibility of their use as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) and lasers. The MCRs are defined as a process in which three or more reactants are combined in the same reaction pot, resulting in products with good structural complexity a single step, in addition to economy of atoms and selectivity and is a very important feature in modern synthetic methodology. In this work we investigated the use of niobium pentachloride as catalyst of the multicomponent reactions between phenolic derivatives, various aromatic aldehydes and β-diester derivatives in the synthesis of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin derivatives. The reactions were carried out at room temperature, under inert atmosphere (N2), using dichloromethane anhydrous (CH2 Cl2) as solvent, with a reaction time of most 120 hours. The products were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and submitted to spectrometric and spectroscopic analysis. The results show that NbCl5 is an excellent agent for promoting the synthesis of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin derivatives through multicomponent reactions, obtaining yields varying from 45 to 95%

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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

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Aperfeiçoamento em equipamento para digestão de amostras por via úmida. É descrito um aperfeiçoamento em equipamento para digestão de amostras por via úmida que emprega tubos de digestão (20) fechados não encapsulados e aquecimento condutivo que possibilita a rápida decomposição de amostras botânicas, alimentícias, clínicas, ambientais e similares, promovendo um gradiente de temperatura em direção à parte superior do tubo de digestão, permitindo que a temperatura da fase gasosa seja inferior à da fase líquida, de forma que as digestões são realizadas à pressão pouco elevada e, consequentemente, os tubos de digestão utilizados podem ter paredes menos espessas, permitindo o rápido aquecimento e resfriamento das amostras, bem como baixo custo de operação e manutenção, simplicidade, alta frequência analítica,; redução do consumo de reagentes e diminuição da geração de resíduos, dito equipamento provido de um gabinete (10) que evita a contaminação da atmosfera do laboratório por vapores ácidos e a perda dos componentes voláteis da amostra durante o aquecimento

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Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

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Soil tillage is one of the agricultural practices that may contribute to increase the loss of carbon through emission of CO2 (FCO2). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three soil tillage systems on FCO2, soil temperature and soil moisture in a sugarcane area under reform. The experimental area consisted of three tillage plots: conventional tillage (CT), conventional subsoiling (CS), and localized subsoiling (LS). FCO2, soil temperature and soil moisture were measured over a period of 17 days. FCO2 showed the highest value in CT (0.75 g CO2 m(-2) h(-1)). Soil temperature presented no significant difference (p > 0.05) between LS (26.2 degrees C) and CS (25.9 degrees C). Soil moisture was higher in LS (24%), followed by CS (21.8%) and CT (18.3%). A significant correlation (r = -0.71; p < 0.05) between FCO2 and soil temperature was observed only in CT. The conventional tillage presented a total emission (2,864.3 kg CO2 ha(-1)) higher than the emissions observed in CS (1,970.9 kg CO2 ha(-1)) and LS (1,707.7 kg CO2 ha(-1)). The conversion from CT to LS decreased soil CO2 emissions, reducing the contribution of agriculture in increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This study examined precipitation in southern Brazil based on a data set provided by the Brazilian National Water Agency, covering the period from 1976 to 2010. Data were homogenized using the R software and the Climatol subroutine, which allow completing missing data. Isohyets were drawn using the Geostatistics software to obtain a semivariogram for each analysis. There was a remarkable interannual variability in this region, with positive anomalies in the warm phase (El Nino) and negative anomalies in the cold phase (La Nina) of ENSO. Also, the responses of this variability were not uniform in the entire region, since there was variability from year to year and from event to event.