934 resultados para aprendizado não-supervisionado
Resumo:
Due to the great impact caused by construction, the university has a major role in the development of alternative projects and studies aimed at sustainable development. This project presents the advantages and importance of building in a sustainable manner from the beginning to end of the Center of Experiences at UNESP, Rio Claro / SP. It will be presented alternative building materials that have high environmental performance and that bring the least negative impacts as possible. Providing a Center of Experiences through a sustainable building is in need of the university to renovate the new trends of society in which the construction is in harmony with the environment in which it is inserted. This sustainable building will serve as a model for students and residents of Rio Claro, since the building itself will serve as a way of learning to the audience goer, as well as for the other campuses of UNESP. Thus, this project will serve as a guide for decision makers facing the huge amount of building materials available in the market
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Exemplos da perturbação do meio ambiente pela ação humana são recorrentes. Frente a isto, fica evidente a necessidade de mudança deste quadro, pois áreas com alto valor ecológico são amplamente afetadas, prejudicando as interações entre animais e plantas, nas quais as aves se destacam, sendo elas um grupo com claro papel na dinâmica de ecossistemas e de fácil identificação. Em vários aspectos, o conhecimento científico pode ser visto como um grande aliado para esta mudança. Visando a formação de cidadãos, a Educação Ambiental mostra-se como um importante meio de conscientização. Neste contexto, este trabalho se dispôs a confeccionar um guia didático e um jogo educativo sobre as aves, destinados a alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental,, visando propiciar aprendizado durante a observação das mesmas. Os materiais foram propostos a partir de uma lista elaborada no presente estudo, que reuniu nove levantamentos realizados na Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, vinculada à Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, SP, de 1992 a 2010. Uma primeira versão dos materiais foi confeccionada e avaliada por um grupo de alunos, possibilitando a produção de sua versão final
Resumo:
This work offers an overview about didactic reflections in the introduction of the electrical field concept in Physics Teaching activities aimed to the High School by means of a teaching methodology based in a low cost experiment (FERREIRA E RAMOS, 2008). We analyzed the particular use of an experiment named electrostatic vector and its use in the teaching of the line force ideas, proposed by Faraday in 19th century. In the frame of this work we analyzed how this unconventional approach differs of the methodology generally presented in the didactic textbooks. We discussed that the use of low cost experiments, will not cause the student to learn, but the work of the teacher, offering an interaction between the student and the electrostatic vector, play an important role in the classroom
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar a aplicação da oficina de futuro “Árvore dos sonhos” com os alunos de uma escola estadual, localizada em um bairro periférico na cidade de Botucatu, e identificar os temas geradores, as necessidades e as motivações sobre o aprendizado na escola, para o desenvolvimento de propostas de um projeto interdisciplinar relacionado à melhoria do ambiente escolar. Para Doll(1997) um currículo construtivo é aquele que emerge da ação e interação dos participantes. Hernandez (1998) afirmou que o papel do currículo integrado é educar para compreender e que interpretar é manifestar explicitamente a compreensão. Professores e coordenadores, geralmente, tem dificuldade em planejar e realizar trabalhos articulados, com isto poucos estudantes são capazes de vislumbrar a integração dos conteúdos vistos nas diferentes disciplinas, esta situação é constatada na realidade de muitas escolas brasileiras, que vêem buscando alternativas que contribuam para superar alguns dos obstáculos relacionados ao processo de ensino e de aprendizado. A atividade de construção da árvore dos sonhos foi proposta ao Ensino Médio para sensibilizar os alunos, para que pudessem se expressar, através de uma atividade interativa envolvendo a participação coletiva da turma. Cada sala foi responsável pela elaboração da idéia, construção, finalização, exposição dos sonhos e preservação da sua árvore dentro da sala de aula. Em algumas salas os temas geraram polêmicas e indignações diante da situação atual na escola, em outras não houve muito envolvimento dos alunos em virtude do sentimento de impotência, desmotivação e fracasso diante dos problemas dificultando a emergência de processos de mobilização que promovam em mudanças. Os sonhos e propostas escolhidos pelos alunos foram levados ao HTPC, para que em conjunto com o corpo docente, coordenadores da escola e a DE (Diretoria ...
Resumo:
Nowadays the accelerated development arising from globalization and the interrelation of the nations, the great increase in communication between different countries and the necessity for knowledge in different linguistic structures, the interest in learning a foreign language is crescent, and thinking about it, this work has the scope to verify how young and adult learners of a foreign language, in this case English, behave, that is, how best to develop the four language skills of the language: listening, writing, speaking, and reading and how the use of recreational and educational games can help this dichotomy between teaching-learning. The present research, theoretical and analytical basis, aims to make a study on how fun games can influence the teaching and learning of English in an audience of young and adult people and that includes a study of how human history has evolved, more precisely, as history of education was influenced by the playful and how the human mind also becomes over time. Nowadays, the playful is a tool that has been widely used pedagogically in teaching foreign languages and every day opens new manners and ways of teaching languages, always with its array of spaced more possibilities. Under this assumption, the focus of this research is discover how the use of recreational and educational games may influence grammar greater understanding and language development of young and adults students in learning English, and also what better way to introduce these games, that is, a contextualized content being discussed each time during the school way, so that the games may be, of course, used for relaxation of the students, but also (and especially) for their intellectual growth and language development
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Este trabalho foi proposto baseado na relevância do tema a origem da vida para uma nova abordagem de sala de aula de forma que os alunos poderiam estar mais perto da proposta de entender como funciona a ciência e de forma que o aprendizado pode ser diferenciado para a aprendizagem comum. As ciências biológicas passaram por muito tempo a mercê de teorias de que a origem da vida era algo natural do nosso planeta, ou seja, a origem de um novo ser sem ter vindo a partir de outro. No entanto com vários experimentos com destaque ao de Oparin, já com o conhecimento de microorganismo, se provou que a origem da vida não surgia tão facilmente como se esperava. A partir da quebra desse paradigma houve um crescente desenvolvimento de experimentos que comprovaram que vários compostos importantes para a vida se formaria naturalmente numa Terra primitiva. No entanto há muita controversa de como a vida de fato teria surgido, dividindo opiniões de forma que a apresentação de uma gama de possibilidades para origem da vida é a melhor forma de apresentar um tema com teorias não comprovadas ou contestadas. “O CADERNO DO ALUNO” E O “CADERNO DO PROFESSOR” ambos de biologia, fazem luz uma grande possibilidade de desenvolvimento de uma aula que foge a do cotidiano, com discussões e possibilidade de se conhecer a ciência. Entretanto, verificou-se que a falta de conhecimento prévio pode ser um empecilho para uma discussão apurada e que se deve tomar cuidado nessa discussão para não ferir a concepção de cada aluno. Muito do se pede no Currículo do Estado de São Paulo para o professor desenvolver também contempla uma grande possibilidade de desenvolvimento do tema com foco em saídas do campo, prática e envolvimento com toda a escola de forma que o tema poderia ser eficaz de maneira diferencial de um tema proposto para o terceiro ano do ensino médio. As aulas do tema descritas mostram a importância de um número maior de educadores ser...
Resumo:
In this work, we have some considerations about the interactive process between teacher and students, and we analyze the subjective aspects of how the teacher reacts from its interpretation of the student's motivation throughout his lecture. We utilized Vigotski's theories, about the importance of dealing with the social cognitive process, which may contribute to an efficient school learning and when the teacher is engaged and motivated is able to motivate and excite all students who are in their classroom. We therefore investigated how it relates to the constructs of Werstch, the arguments of the teacher and students' excitement
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The difficulties related to physics teaching are related to methodology, that hinder learning, because some physical concepts beyond the common sense of most students. Just as poor training of some physics instructors in teaching is pedagogical difficulties. And also factors of infrastructure, heterogeneity in students' previous training etc.. It is proposed aim of this work to use reflection of teaching practice as a methodology. Practiced in a private school, mostly state and, in high school in Rio Claro. The method consists of preparing a daily pedagogical practice in parallel to the development of teaching, for analysis and identification of factors that result in improving the teaching of physics and physics teacher qualification
Resumo:
In this work, it was studied the effects of the experimentation in the physics teaching. Beginning from the theoretic reference and discussions, the objective was prove the efficiency of researches of this nature related to two main aspects of a class: The aroused interest in the students and the facilitating action on the understanding of the theory. For such objective, using the comparison, it was chosen two distinct classes, but the more similar possible, so that, in one of them, it was showed a tradition class, lectures and in another, a class using experimentation to contemplate the theory. To manage a way to rate these aspects, it was made a conceptual questionnaire, requiring only concepts rather than mathematics and equations, besides specific interviews to rate the opinion of the student related to each method. The observations in classes and of the reactions of the students also were of a big value to analysis. After the experimental class completed, it may analyze and conclude some positive points related to experimental methods: As for the opinion of the students, the approval was big, and the majority opined to this class as being “more interesting”. On the point of view of learning, it had a sensitive improvement of grades, but with more mature answers, deep and autonomous, if looking at a general vision
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After confirming the high specific mechanical properties of composite materials by scientific studies conducted over the last decades, one of the challenges of this new class of materials is the ability to achieve mass production at a more affordable cost, which has become indispensable. The Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) is an excellent method for manufacturing composite materials. Despite being a process widely used by international companies in the production of high performance structural composites, only a short time the national aviation industry has shown interest in implementing this type of processing to more complex structures and greater structural responsibility. In aeronautical projects, the reproducibility and the relative low cost of this process, several studies have been performed in Brazil for learning and perfecting this technique. This process is suitable for producing polymer components both simple as complex geometry, and allows to achieve consistent thickness, with high quality finish and without limiting range. Polymeric composite components for the high mechanical stress applications such as aircraft structures, satellites, etc., require a strict control of volume fractions of the composite constituents, beyond the knowledge of their mechanical and thermal properties. Therefore, in this experimental work degree study on the mechanical, thermal and of porosity composites processed by RTM processed characterization was performed. This characterization was performed targeting a possible aerospace application of this composite material. For the production of composites, process equipment (RTM RTM injector Radius 2100cc) was used. The processed carbono/epoxy composites were characterized via flexure tests mechanically and thermally analysis via DMA, DSC and TGA. To determine the volume fraction of fibers, the composite samples were analyzed via matrix digestion (ASTM D3171) ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Este é um trabalho descritivo, que tem como objetivo principal comparar expressões idiomáticas do português brasileiro e do espanhol. O corpus utilizado para selecionar as expressões foi a coleção Prisma (A1-A2/B1-B2/C1-C2). Os idiomatismos selecionados foram os formados por nome de animais. Na primeira parte do trabalho, discorremos sobre Fraseologia, Expressões Idiomáticas e discutimos algumas diferenças entre estas e as colocações. Além disso, foram propostas algumas reflexões sobre a dificuldade do aprendizado das expressões por parte dos alunos. Selecionamos, no corpus acima citado, dezenove expressões idiomáticas e procedemos à descrição e análise de suas composições e de seus significados. A partir dessa análise, apresentamos uma comparação dessas expressões com seus equivalentes no português do Brasil. A partir dessa comparação, pudemos observar que alguns idiomatismos analisados, embora possuam equivalentes entre as duas línguas em questão, são formadas com nomes de animais diferentes. Isso se deve, sobretudo, à visão de mundo e à cultura de cada país. Há ainda expressões cujos equivalentes em português e em espanhol não se diferem por uma palavra, mas sim por várias, apesar do significado ser o mesmo. Observamos, ainda, a importância do aprendizado dos idiomatismos e o fato de nos níveis A1 e A2 da coleção analisada, não aparecerem expressões idiomáticas, comprovando que muitos consideram que é preciso ter um nível mais elevado na língua estrangeira para aprendê-las
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Communities are present on physical, chemical and biological systems and their identification is fundamental for the comprehension of the behavior of these systems. Recently, available data related to complex networks have grown exponentially, demanding more computational power. The Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) is a cost effective alternative suitable for this purpose. We investigate the convenience of this for network science by proposing a GPU based implementation of Newman community detection algorithm. We showed that the processing time of matrix multiplications of GPUs grow slower than CPUs in relation to the matrix size. It was proven, thus, that GPU processing power is a viable solution for community dentification simulation that demand high computational power. Our implementation was tested on an integrated biological network for the bacterium Escherichia coli
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In 2002, the Ministry of Education (MEC) published the Curriculum Guidelines for Engineering courses in the country. The Guidelines contain subjects like the profile of graduates, the course structure, curriculum, internships and skills and abilities, all geared to guide the training of engineers in Brazil. The objective of this study is to evaluate together with teachers of the Production Department of this University and students of the fifth year of Production Engineering is how student learning of Production Engineering for the development and importance of skills within the course and skills for engineers who are present in the Curriculum Guidelines for engineering courses developed by MEC
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The technological advances of recent decades combined with digital inc1usion in Brazil sparked the country's population to the constant use of computers to perform tasks in many different natures. Whether it's for communication, entertainment, work or school, computers are tools with increasing numbers in Brazilian homes. Along with this evolution the Brazilian Physics teaching should be aware of the use of teaching tools that relate directly to the computer to student learning. Highlighting in this work we have scanned the contents of the Wikipedia community, a wide variety of educational videos placed on YouTube, educational games that try to teach the player in a fun way and a variety educational softwares placed on the World Wide Web. It is with special attention to educational softwares as tools for teaching physics, which describe some strategies for use of these software, combined with the textbooks, to illustrate some ways to introduce the use of educational softwares directly in the classroom
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The market of digital games have grown in the last years, becoming popular between many ages, the number of smartphones and tablets users have also showed a recent increase, including the ones using Android as operational system. The main objective of a digital game is the ludic activity but also it can be used as a tool to education, learning and even simulation. This work proposes the development of a game for smartphones or tablet running on Android operational system, this game will simulate living beings in an environment, each one with different behaviors, based in the concepts of artificial live, cellular automata and emergence. This way simulating the behavior of a living being community with a computational base in artificial live and following concepts of game design. The game can represent visually some characteristics of living beings, as well behaviors and interactions between them, in a very simple way. The game can be upgraded in the future to represent better living beings using more details to the simulation of these