994 resultados para Transtorno dismórfico corporal


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The presence of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in regular schools has increased and with it, the need to develop interventional strategies that enhance their learning. One of the tools that can facilitate this process is Mediated Learning, defined as an interaction style where the teacher selects, modifies, enhances, and interprets environmental stimuli in order to promote student learning. In recent years several studies have used the Mediated Learning Experience Scale (MLE; Lidz, 1991) as a tool to assess the mediator behavior. These studies have suggested that the EAM Scale can provide important guidelines for planning educational interventions, particularly those involving students with special needs. In order to extend these findings, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of an intervention based on the Mediated Learning Experience on social / academic skills of a child with ASD, enrolled in the 4th grade of a regular elementary school. This collaborative study was held in the city of Parnamirim, state of Rio Grande do Norte, in 2014. A 9-year old boy with ASD and his teacher participated in the study. The research used a quasi-experimental A-B design (baseline and treatment) to evaluate the teacher's behavior. Qualitative procedures were also used to analyze the dyad´s responses. Teacher and student behaviors were observed in three school routines during baseline. Based on the results of this phase, a training program was designed for the teacher. Dyad behavior was analyzed again after training in the same routines. The results of this phase showed qualitative and quantitative changes in levels of teacher mediation. Additionally, data indicated that the child enhanced his social and academic skills during the intervention.

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Ostomized is every individual that, because of a traumatic or clinical condition, it required a surgery resulting in the externalization of a hollow organ through the skin, and such temporary or permanent condition. This study has the general objective to investigate the relationship between body image and self-esteem in these individuals; as well as to verify their levels of satisfaction with their body image regarding the aspect of appearance and to evaluate the degree of self-esteem related to that condition. This is a correlational research, cross-sectional, which was accomplished in an institution in support of these users of Rio Grande do Norte state, with location in Natal. There were used three sampling instruments: a structured general questionnaire covering socio-demographic and clinical data; the Satisfaction Scale with Appearance (SSA) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS). The information obtained was analyzed with the aid of an electronic spreadsheet software. The project is according with the resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council, It was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UFRN, under number CAAE 19159713.5.0000.5537 in August 2013. The sample consisted of 93 participants with an average age of 50.4 years (SD = 15.4). In general they had low satisfaction with their body image (M = 66.9), as regards the appearance, although maintained high levels of self-esteem (M = 34.8). Therefore, It was found a positive correlation, moderate (ρ = 0.426) and statistically significant was found (p <0.001) from the application of the Spearman correlation test. Therefore, dissatisfaction with body image is an important issue to be observed by professionals who attend ostomizeds. however, it seems, other aspects are also influencing the level of self-esteem of these individuals, who were not able to be determined in this study.

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Breast cancer is the second type of cancer that affects more women of reproductive age in Brazil. Surgical treatments include: conserving surgery or mastectomy. Aimed to evaluate body image of women undergoing breast cancer surgery, based on the scale Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire. It is a descriptive, exploratory, transversal, with a quantitative approach. Data were collected in Norte-riograndense League Against Cancer, between the months from March to May 2015, after consideration of the Research Ethics Committee of that institution CAEE 35155714.1.0000.5293. The study population consisted of women undergoing breast onco-surgery. To calculate the sample considered the finite population, totaling 120 subjects, collected four guys the most. Data were analyzed by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. The domain scores of the scale were evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The surgical group mastectomy without reconstruction showed greater impairment of body image in the field "vulnerability", "Care for the body" and "transparency" in relation to other surgical types, and suggests susceptibility to cancer, body appearance and worry that disturb other. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed greater dissatisfaction with body image in the fields "body Stigma" and "transparency" to the radical neoplastic surgery over other surgical types. Dissatisfaction with body image and physical appearance was detected in this study in all six image fields present in scale, with emphasis on the "body Stigma" and "Transparency". This means that the body image disorder is formulated based on the perception of others about themselves and not by perception "self", which justifies the concern with appearance, with body and hide the consequences stemmed cancer. It is expected that the data obtained from the evaluation of body image presented in this study contribute to enable the assistance to oncocirurgiada woman breast integral, essential for the practice of Nursing.

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Breast cancer is the second type of cancer that affects more women of reproductive age in Brazil. Surgical treatments include: conserving surgery or mastectomy. Aimed to evaluate body image of women undergoing breast cancer surgery, based on the scale Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire. It is a descriptive, exploratory, transversal, with a quantitative approach. Data were collected in Norte-riograndense League Against Cancer, between the months from March to May 2015, after consideration of the Research Ethics Committee of that institution CAEE 35155714.1.0000.5293. The study population consisted of women undergoing breast onco-surgery. To calculate the sample considered the finite population, totaling 120 subjects, collected four guys the most. Data were analyzed by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. The domain scores of the scale were evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. The surgical group mastectomy without reconstruction showed greater impairment of body image in the field "vulnerability", "Care for the body" and "transparency" in relation to other surgical types, and suggests susceptibility to cancer, body appearance and worry that disturb other. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed greater dissatisfaction with body image in the fields "body Stigma" and "transparency" to the radical neoplastic surgery over other surgical types. Dissatisfaction with body image and physical appearance was detected in this study in all six image fields present in scale, with emphasis on the "body Stigma" and "Transparency". This means that the body image disorder is formulated based on the perception of others about themselves and not by perception "self", which justifies the concern with appearance, with body and hide the consequences stemmed cancer. It is expected that the data obtained from the evaluation of body image presented in this study contribute to enable the assistance to oncocirurgiada woman breast integral, essential for the practice of Nursing.

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Reading and writing are essential rights, which involve individual and social aspects; in addition, these skills are important when it comes to socio economic and political development, critical thinking and an active participation in society (UNESCO 2005). From a neurobiological standpoint, our brain is not prepared for reading, and this practice must be deliberately acquired via instructional guidance (DEHAENE 2009). However, reading disorders and deficits within executive functions, such as low working memory capacity, can make reading arduous. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of reading skills within 45 third grade students from public schools in the city of Natal – RN and its connection to working memory capacity, through information gathered from the Provinha Brasil, data generated from working memory tasks (Portuguese version of AWMA - Automated Working Memory Assessment) and fluid intelligence measures RAVEN. Based on this main objective, we attempted to answer the following research questions: (a) What are the correlations between working memory and reading scores?; (b) What characterizes the relationship between working memory capacity and the risk of reading disabilities amongst the participants in this study?; Following a quantitative research methodology, the Provinhas Brasil from 3rd grade students belonging to the six public schools members of Project ACERTA - Avaliação de Crianças em Risco de Transtornos de Aprendizagem (CAPES/OBEDUC)- were analyzed and compared to the scores from the working memory tests and the fluid intelligence ones. Results indicate that reading skills within children at risk of reading disabilities are directly linked to working memory capacity, especially with regards to the phonological component. It is also evident that the participants with less working memory capacity show more difficulties in the reading abilities that demand interpretation skills. Thus, we intend to contribute to the discussion regarding the diagnosis of reading disabilities and possible intervention strategies.

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Reading and writing are essential rights, which involve individual and social aspects; in addition, these skills are important when it comes to socio economic and political development, critical thinking and an active participation in society (UNESCO 2005). From a neurobiological standpoint, our brain is not prepared for reading, and this practice must be deliberately acquired via instructional guidance (DEHAENE 2009). However, reading disorders and deficits within executive functions, such as low working memory capacity, can make reading arduous. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of reading skills within 45 third grade students from public schools in the city of Natal – RN and its connection to working memory capacity, through information gathered from the Provinha Brasil, data generated from working memory tasks (Portuguese version of AWMA - Automated Working Memory Assessment) and fluid intelligence measures RAVEN. Based on this main objective, we attempted to answer the following research questions: (a) What are the correlations between working memory and reading scores?; (b) What characterizes the relationship between working memory capacity and the risk of reading disabilities amongst the participants in this study?; Following a quantitative research methodology, the Provinhas Brasil from 3rd grade students belonging to the six public schools members of Project ACERTA - Avaliação de Crianças em Risco de Transtornos de Aprendizagem (CAPES/OBEDUC)- were analyzed and compared to the scores from the working memory tests and the fluid intelligence ones. Results indicate that reading skills within children at risk of reading disabilities are directly linked to working memory capacity, especially with regards to the phonological component. It is also evident that the participants with less working memory capacity show more difficulties in the reading abilities that demand interpretation skills. Thus, we intend to contribute to the discussion regarding the diagnosis of reading disabilities and possible intervention strategies.

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The objective was to evaluate the effect of lactation order, racial composition and milk production in the body condition score (BCS) at prepartum and its variation at postpartum. Furthermore, evaluate the effect of BCS at prepartum and its variation at postpartum on reproductive performance in dairy cows. Data was collected, relating to 470 parturitions for two years at 3 properties in Gurinhatã-MG. Milk production was measured monthly and the evaluation of the BCS was made by a single individual in the prepartum and postpartum (from 1.0 to 5.0). Was used the conventional artificial insemination, timed artificial insemination and controlled ride. The pregnancy diagnosis was through rectal palpation from 40 days after the service. The variables were analyzed using the SAS GLIMMIX procedure. The racial composition affected the BCS at prepartum (P=0.0003). Milk production tended to affect the BCS at prepartum (P=0.0957) and its variation in postpartum (P=0.1179). The overall conception rate was 57.3% and was affected (P<0.0001) by type of service. There was no effect of the BCS in prepartum (P=0.1544) and the variation of BCS (P=0.3127) on conception rate. Had no effect of BCS interaction at prepartum (P=0.9516) and the variation of BCS (P=0.9506) with the type of service on conception rate. The BCS at prepartum affect the service period (P<0.0001). Cows with BCS less than 3.25 became pregnant earlier. The variation of the BCS affected the service period (P<0.0001). Cows with loss of ECC became pregnant earlier than cows without loss. The average loss of ECC at postpartum was -0.692 points, not enough to damage the reproductive performance of dairy cows.

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La etapa infantil tiene una gran importancia desde el punto de vista nutricional, para el presente y futuro de los individuos. La alimentación equilibrada desempeña un papel fundamental en el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño, permitiendo mantener un estado de salud óptimo y mejorando su calidad de vida. Además, en la edad infantil se establecen gran parte de los hábitos y estilos de vida que persistirán a lo largo de toda la vida, entre ellos se establecen y conforman los hábitos alimentarios y las bases de la educación nutricional. En un metabolismo aeróbico, como el que caracteriza al cuerpo humano, se precisa del oxígeno para la mayoría de los procesos biológicos cuyo fin último es obtener energía, es decir, se produce la oxidación de los diferentes sustratos para obtener dicha energía a través de diferentes rutas metabólicas. Esta utilización de oxígeno en los procesos metabólicos, implica inevitablemente la formación de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ERO) o radicales libres, que favorecen los procesos de oxidación. Para compensar estos procesos, existen en el cuerpo humano una serie de sistemas de protección antioxidante que permiten la eliminación o transformación de las ERO en moléculas estables. Los sistemas biológicos están, por lo tanto, en un estado de equilibrio entre sustancias prooxidantes y su capacidad antioxidante. El desequilibrio a favor de la acción prooxidante es lo que se conoce como "estrés oxidativo", que puede conducir al daño celular y tisular, y finalmente al desarrollo de diferentes enfermedades: cáncer, arteriosclerosis, infarto de miocardio, procesos de isquemia/reperfusión, diabetes mellitus, asfixia neonatal, enfermedades inflamatorias, trastornos del sistema nervioso central, envejecimiento, ... Dentro de la alimentación encontramos nutrientes que median en este equilibrio oxidante-antioxidante, habiendo nutrientes que participan en el sistema de defensa antioxidante (vitamina C y E, carotenoides, flavonoides, melanoidinas, selenio, zinc..) y también sustancias que pueden actuar como prooxidantes (exceso de lípidos, proteínas, hierro o cobre)...

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O objetivo deste estudo foi identificarmos as mudanças na percepçao da imagem corporal de idosos praticantes de musculaçao. Como metodologia, foi feito um estudo transversal, e aplicadas três perguntas sobre auto percepçao da imagem corporal. Observamos que a musculaçao, de alguma forma, auxilia na melhora da imagem corporal, pois houve uma melhora desta comparando antes e depois do início da prática de musculaçao. Concluímos que a musculaçao pode sim ter um resultado benéfico para a autoimagem corporal

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La Dirección General de Educación Física y Deportes del Ministerio de Educación de la provincia del Chubut es, junto a las direcciones de niveles y modalidades, la responsable de desarrollar acciones que permitan a los estudiantes de la provincia del Chubut el acceso a diferentes prácticas corporales a partir de saberes socialmente validos referidos a la construcción de una disponibilidad corporal y de una mejor calidad de vida. Para concretar este macro objetivo ha elaborado su aporte en los diseños curriculares de los niveles inicial, primario, secundario (ciclo básico), secundario (ciclo orientado) y secundario con orientación en Educación Física. A la fecha se encuentran en elaboración los diseños curriculares de la modalidad Educación para jóvenes y adultos tanto de los niveles primario, secundario y secundario orientado, teniendo la presencia de este espacio curricular en los mismos, promocionando diversas prácticas corporales, haciendo uso de los diferentes contextos, culturas y geografía territorial; favoreciendo y desarrollando, de esta manera, la disponibilidad corporal también en, jóvenes y adultos de la población provincial

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Mediante el programa de extensión de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social, se llevó adelante el proyecto "Red-Acción: intervención multi-agencial en comunidades educativas para la inclusión de jóvenes", cuyo objetivo consistió en el trabajo con instituciones atravesadas por condiciones de exclusión social. Las alumnas María Luz Barreneche (FaHCE- UNLP) Y Romina Lonigro (FPyCS- UNLP) fuimos convocadas a participar de este proyecto bajo el dictado de un taller de Teatro Musical en la Escuela Secundaria N° 3 de Ensenada. Se trabajó en conjunto con el CAJ (espacio de aprendizaje situado en la propia escuela); con el objetivo de apelar a estrategias comunicacionales y creativas para atender a una población juvenil de alta vulnerabilidad que requiere ser convocada desde otros formatos institucionales para su inclusión. El taller buscó desde un principio permitir consolidar un espacio en el cual los relatos de los chicos pudieran plasmarse a partir de lo que tienen para decir sus cuerpos. Se trabajó contra el frío, el espacio, la bulimia, el bullying, la marihuana, entre otras cuestiones, pero logrando cinco presentaciones en vivo y motorizando un cambio mediante un lema compartido: "Sí se puede"

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O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o perfil antropométrico e a composiçao corporal de jogadores de voleibol da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria- RS. A importância em obter o perfil antropométrico vai além de apenas comparaçoes do grupo de atletas, pois o desempenho e o efeito do treinamento está relacionado. Foram avaliados 14 atletas, com idade média de 22,26 ± 3,43. Mediu-se 7 dobras para composiçao corporal e utilizou-se a Equaçao Jackson e Pollock (1978). Os valores médios obtidos foram: massa corporal 82,28 ± 7,24; estatura 181,9 ± 6,1; percentual de gordura 18,86 ± 3,82; e índica de massa corporal 24,94 ± 2,24. Na literatura, o valor da porcentagem de gordura em atletas de voleibol é de 9,8 ± 2,9 . No presente estudo, os valores encontram-se acima da faixa relatada, havendo uma necessidade da intervençao da nutricionista no controle dietético para a reduçao de gordura corporal e associado o treinamento específico para este fim

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Desde la perspectiva simbólica de la estructura corporal el cuerpo adquiere significado, según la acción que se realiza, se perciben influencias, históricas culturales. El cine se constituye como una forma de comunicación particular, las historia proyectada audiovisualmente, sugieren concrecionesconceptuales entre los espectadores acerca del cuerpo y las prácticas corporales. El ritual de ver un film encierra toda una interacción social, crea comentarios, genera discusiones, propone expectativas, en él también se crean fusiones interesantes, entre la música, la poesía, la fotografía, la actuación, los juegos de cámaras; que de una u otra manera dan realce a los elementos, que a criterio del director, deben destacarse, para mostrar su intencionalidad, su forma de ?decir?, en apoyo de la construcción de la idea propuesta por el argumento del film, de modo que pueda penetraren la subjetividad del espectador. El objetivo de esta propuesta, es descubrir en el cine, desde la óptica de la Teoría de la Educación Corporal, que conceptos proponen los discursos implícitos en las películas, respecto al cuerpo, las prácticas corporales relacionadas con los deportes, incidiendo en su concepción dentro de determinados contextos sociales, ideológicos y Políticos. Finalmente, trataremos de analizar de qué maneras se hace uso del poderen el Cine, su influencia en la subjetividad del espectador, en la concepción del cuerpo y las prácticas corporales desde la visión de la filosofía contemporánea

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El objetivo fue relacionar características de la composición corporal con la capacidad física en un grupo de escolares de la comuna de Quintero, Chile. El grupo evaluado perteneció a 141 niños y niñas de 4° básico (10,02 ± 0,78 años) y 8° básico (14,07± 0,95 años). Para determinar la capacidad física se utilizó la batería de test LECOFQ, el estado nutricional se determinó con el IMC y el porcentaje de masa adiposa con dos pliegues (Slaughter, 1988). Los resultados evidenciaron altos índices de sobrepeso y obesidad. Existieron diferencias significativas entre damas y varones de 4° básico en la variable índice de masa corporal (p=0,001). En 8° básico existieron diferencias significativas en las variables porcentaje de masa grasa (p=0,000) test de salto horizontal (p=0,000) y test de Navette (p=0,000), entre otros. Se aprecia que mayores niveles de grasa corporal se relacionaron negativamente con los test físicos de salto horizontal, velocidad y test de Navette (p<0,05). En 8o año básico se expresan diferencias significativas por género en la masa grasa y capacidad física. Se concluye que un aumento del tejido adiposo influye negativamente en el rendimiento motriz en esta población.