A proposal for reservoir volume calculation in rainwater harvesting systems

This paper introduces a proposal for reservoir volume calculation in rainwater harvesting systems. The proposed method can be used for reservoir volume design in rainwater harvesting systems and is based on three important variables. These variables are water demand, system efficiency and repayment time. Several simulations were carried out in different scenarios considering typical values of both catchment area (for low-income and medium-income households) and water demand, with fixed water and tank costs. Results showed that the integrated analysis of demand, efficiency and repayment time may assist designers to determine a more adequate reservoir volume.

Aplicação de programa computacional no dimensionamento de volume de reservatório para sistema de aproveitamento de água pluvial da cidade de Ponta Grossa, PR

The main aim of this paper was to use the REZZ software to calculate the tank volume rainwater harvesting system. For this purpose, rain data of Ponta Grossa-PR-Brazil were used considering different statistical treatment (average, 75%, 85%, 95% and 99% of confidence) and different roof areas (50, 80, 120 and 200 m2). The harvesting system was considered only for toilet flush in households with 3, 4 and 5 inhabitants. There were applied the following methods/concepts: Flow equalization (Rippl); Brazilian method as well the English and German practical methods. Further, the mass-balance was simulated for some conditions. All considered methods are described in NBR15527/07, the Brazilian standard for rainwater harvesting. As expected, the results pointed out for huge differences depending on the choice method and the statistical treatment of the rain data. The REZZ appliance showed to be useful thus permitting to set different conditions and to obtain rapid results in order to assist designers to adopt the best cistern volume for each particular case.

Qualidade de água utilizada para consumo em escolas e creches no município de São Carlos - SP

We know the importance of treating water for human consumption because changes in the physicochemical and / or biological has been associated with various health problems, the quality of water intended for human consumption must meet potability standards established by governmental decree 518/2004. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of water supplied schools and daycare in the city of São Carlos - SP. We selected 31 schools and kindergartens, and at intervals of 3 months, two water samples taken at three different points - network, tank and fi lter - totaling 186 samples, with an interval of three months, to verify possible differences in sampling points and at different times. The samples were evaluated for the following parameters: presence of total coliform and fecal coliform / E. coli count of heterotrophic bacteria, determination of pH, fl uoride, free residual chlorine, turbidity and color. The largest number of samples outside the standard for coliform was coming from the fi lters and the network, heterotrophic bacteria in most samples was taken out of standard fi lters. In the physical-chemical analysis of samples as many non-standard pH occurred in the network, network, and fl uoride in the fi lter pair in the fi lter to free chlorine and turbidity in the reservoir. The parameter with a larger sample size was inadequate fl uoride. We need more attention to the conservation, cleaning and maintenance of building reservoirs and fi lters in schools and kindergartens of San Carlos, since the water was considered unfi t for consumption.

Produção de lacases pelo fungo filamentoso de origem marinha Peniophora sp. CBMAI 1063 em biorreator de bancada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Recuperação de amidos remanescentes em resíduos de extração da fécula de mandioca

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Misturador para análise de propriedades reológicas

This study aimed to evaluate the use of a mixer to determine the rheological properties of fluids. The mixer is comprised of an agitation tank and an anchor type impeller. The tests were performed with honey and fruit juices (orange, guava and peach). The rheological characterization was performed using data from the torque and rotation speed required for the operation of fluid agitation. Tests were also made with a concentric cylinder rotational viscometer with the samples being subjected to various shear rates. The rheological parameters were obtained from the flow curves fitted to the power law model. Analyses of results showed that the mixer can be used, within its limitations, to determine rheological properties.

Monitoramento da atenuação natural de álcool etílico hidratado combustível em escala laboratorial por meio de métodos geofísicos

Currently has few studies today concerning the behavior of the ethyl alcohol hydrated combustible in the geological environment, results of eventual spill or leaks in a wide transport chain and distribution. This work discusses the results of an experiment in laboratorial scale, that involves the monitoring of alterations in physical properties a simulate leak of alcohol in a tank with sand saturated in water, during 4920 hours. Are applied electrical resistivity, induced polarization and spontaneous potential geophysical methods. The electric resistivity is clearly correlating to the ethanol degradation pattern. The chargeability demonstrated sensibility to this pattern, while the natural electric potential revealed direct association with the oscillations of groundwater level. The variability of the physical parameters monitoring probable control for ethanol degradation process in environment study.

Estudo hidrodinâmico quali-quantitativo de uma unidade de flotação por ar dissolvido (FAD): o efeito do dispositivo de coleta de água flotada

The main article aim was to investigate the collecting system of a dissolved air flotation (DAF) unit in pilot scale. Referring to the collecting system position, two options were analyzed: (i) top manifold and (ii) bottom manifold, pipes or plates. Qualitative and quantitative essays were performed, as image and stimulusresponse tests, respectively. The results of the essays standardized were adjusted by N-continuous stirred tank reactors in series and theoretical models of dispersion (low and high). The bottom manifold (plates with orifices) was more appropriate. The results pointed out that the N-continuous stirred tank reactors in series model was more adequate to describe the hydrodynamic behavior of the DAF unit.

Estudo mielográfico comparativo entre meios de contraste iopamidol e ioexol em bezerros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Espectro de gotas e potencial de deriva de caldas contendo o herbicida 2,4-d amina em misturas em tanque

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Efeitos de formulações e intervalos sem chuva na absorção, translocação e eficácia de Glyphosate e 2,4-D

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Levantamento de coeficientes de desempenho de refrigeradores domésticos associados a armazenador térmico

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEB

The ability of Nile tilapia to regulate protein and energy intake evaluated by carbon relative enrichement

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Resistência antimicrobiana em coliformes totais isolados de tanques de refrigeração de leite bovino

Milk that is adequate for consumption must be of hygienic quality, nutritional value, and should maintain its organoleptic properties. Isolation of fecal and/or total coliforms from bovine milk is considered an indicator of hygiene and good management practices, and can be used as a quality indicator. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and assess the resistance profile of coliforms isolated from collective bulk tanks and individual milk tanks. A total of 89 milk samples were collected from collective bulk tanks and, from these, 21 Klebsiella spp., one E. coli, and 29 Enterobacter spp. were isolated, whereas 102 milk samples from individual tanks showed isolation of one Klebsiella spp. and seven Enterobacter spp. In collective bulk tanks, at least 47% of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. were resistant to cephalexin and 30% to ampicillin. From these, at least 24% showed multidrug resistance. Among the microorganisms isolated from the individual tanks, 85% or more were resistant to ampicillin. The ESBL phenotype and the blaTEM gene were detected in strains of Klebsiella spp. isolated from both tanks. It was concluded that contamination of milk with resistant total coliforms, and especially the storage of raw milk from several small producers in the collective bulk tank increase the risk of contamination.

Um predador generalista na fronteira entre ecossistemas: interações tróficas e os processos ecossitêmicos bromelícolas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)