931 resultados para Resíduo siderúrgico


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The present work is the analysis of the practices and techniques currently used in the final allocation given to organic household solid waste in the city of Rio Claro - SP. As the major part of Rio Claro’s household solid waste is formed by the organic fraction, as well as in the rest of the country, this research proposes a study on what is done with that portion of the waste, its treatment and where finally destined, based on the National Solid Waste Politic, recently approved in 2010. With the use of this organic part, for example: as animal feed supplement or compost embodiment for the purpose of producing organic fertilizer, enables the decrease of the percentage of the total destined to dumps and landfills. This total percentage has already been reduced after the popularization of the beneficial recycling programs in Brazil, which are still growing. As cities and the purchasing power of its individuals grow, there is also a consequent growth of waste production by society. The household whether domestic solid waste are lower than Industrial Solid ( RSI ) waste for the production in million tons ( Mton ) quantities , however, those residues are more visible on a daily basis - in cities and periphery as well, due to the inadequate management, - and also offer , as well as industrial and agricultural wastes , several types of harmful effects to the population when managed incorrectly. Therefore, the research aims to assist in the study of Solid Waste Management (MSW) for efficient Urban and Environmental Planning in a midsize city. Thus, this project aims to analyze in the city of Rio Claro, how the allocation of these materials is done and whether these practices denote effective improvement regarding the proper management of waste, in the same way that the recycling chain would allow this effect

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A consequence of population growth is the increased generation of solid waste, which requires environmentally and economically viable suitable disposal sites. The scarcity of such sites makes necessary to adopt non-generation measures, reduction, reuse , recycling and treatment of solid waste before final disposal of waste. This paper presents the quantification and qualification of organic waste generated in each sector of the University Restaurant (UR) , by proposing indicators of waste generation per meal (index of waste) . Then, from the characterization of the waste management practices adopted internally, evaluates the potential deployment of the composting process for organic waste, with signaling for opportunities to improve waste management. The diagnosis of waste generation was made based on data collected during the period of 10 days. The waste were classified into 3 groups (organic, recyclable and waste) in each sector of the restaurant ( pre preparation , kitchen and tray return) . The results reveal that 33 % of the waste generated in the UR currently has the potential to be composted in a suitable place on campus. Every meal served generat approximately 124g of waste, of which 35g are organic waste of the pre preparation sector, 49g are remnants of food in the tray’s return and 40g are other kinds of waste, including recyclable and non recyclable. You can still get a higher percentage of compostable if the trays pre-wash is not performed with detergent and water. To minimize the generation of waste trays can be replaced by plates and skimmers and ladles can be replaced by smaller ones. The food exposed in the counter but not consumed, can be distributed to students after the restaurant is closed so this material would not be disposed in the garbage

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Currently exists a growing concern for the preservation of the environment Around the world, the environmental awareness in Brazil has strengthened during the past two decades. This concern in Brazil arises from the creation of mechanisms of supervision and punishment on the part of the environmental agencies. In order to meet the pertinent legislation many public and private companies have performed dehydration of waste generated in the process of treatment of industrial effluents, waste water and water treatment in order to reduce transport and disposal costs. The use of geotextile tubes has proven technically and economically feasible to be applied in various situations from water treatment to mining tailings. This work presents the solution adopted for an environmental liability in water treatment plant through the use of geotextile tubes to reduce the water content of the disposal. We evaluated the size distribution curves, Atterberg limits, and chemical composition of the residue. Found high concentrations of aluminum in the waste which would characterize environmental pollution if disposed off directly in nature with no treatment

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O fator de início de tradução 5A (eukaryotic translation iniciation factor 5A, eIF5A) é altamente conservado entre arqueas a eucariotos, sendo que as proteínas eIF5A de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e de mamíferos são 63% idênticas. eIF5A sofre uma modificação pós-traducional única na célula, a hipusinação de um resíduo de lisina. Essa proteína já foi relacionada ao início da tradução, transporte nucleocitoplasmático, decaimento de mRNA e proliferação celular, mas a função crítica de eIF5A ainda não foi esclarecida. A depleção deste fator em S. cerevisiae leva a uma diminuição (30%) da taxa de síntese protéica, sugerindo que eIF5A seja um fator envolvido na tradução de um grupo específico de mensageiros. Dados do laboratório demonstram interação física entre eIF5A e proteínas ribossomais bem como com o fator de elongação 2 da tradução (eEF2). A interação com eEF2, sugere que eIF5A atua na etapa de elongação da tradução, ao invés do início da tradução, como proposto inicialmente. Com o objetivo de avaliar a relação de eIF5A com a etapa de elongação, foram realizadas análises de interações genéticas entre o gene codificador de eIF5A (TIF51A) e diversos genes codificadores de proteínas envolvidas na tradução. Através de análises de interações genéticas, foi observado que o mutante estável de eIF5A, tif51AK56A, apresenta um defeito de crescimento quando o mutante de eEF2, eft2H699K, está expresso em alto número de cópias, enquanto que o mutante tif51AQ22H/L93F não apresenta defeitos nesta condição. Foi observado também que o mutante tif51AQ22H/L93F apresenta um defeito de crescimento mais severo quando ocorre superexpressão de EFT2, gene codificador de eEF2. Foi observado ainda que não há complementação alélica entre os mutantes estáveis de eIF5A e que a reversibilidade do fenótipo de sensibilidade a temperatura... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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The focus of this research study were gas exchange between soil and atmosphere of nitrous oxide (N2O) between different fertilization treatments Corn The research, conducted in the experimental field Dedelow - Brandenburg / Germany, analyzed three different fertilization treatments, aiming to quantify GHE emissions, to identify the influence of the residue of biogas in the release of these gases process in agricultural soils in search for a solution fertilization less harmful to the environment and the greenhouse effect , based on the comparison of three treatments: organic fertilization, mineral fertilization and no fertilization. It was found through the analysis of the measurements that the first was the one which issued N2O, showing that even though coming from the residue of biogas , when returned to the soil, it becomes harmful to the environment and global warming . The cultivation of energy crops can lower or raise the emissions of greenhouse gases, so it is necessary for further research on this question not only in Germany , where such research is in continuity, but also in Brazil, a pioneer in the introduction to his energy matrix of a biofuel produced from cane sugar

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The need to use waste from wood processing industry grows due to environmental demands imposed by laws, so like the need to introduce more competitive products in the market (it means better quality and acceptable cost) who must submit by the rational use of raw material, usually turning waste to sub products, what adds higher value for that. To this research, specific case from Ribon Company, located on Camaçari, Bahia-Brazil, has been studied. It is a treated wood producer. Bulk of monthly wood logs there is 70 m3. Its yield is 71,43%, where bulk of generated waste is monthly 20m3. As an exploitation way from generated waste, it has been suggested some options like: erosion protection to specific areas, a wildlife shelter as an henhouse etc, recreational articles, coal, linings, treadmills. However this research will give focus to the furniture design made of waste. As a conclusion, there is very much need to assign new utilizations to that sub used materials, since there is significant amount to increase company’s productive yield

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Ethanol production has gained great prominence in the investment new renewable energy sources and Brazil is among the leaders of production. However, this activity generates large amounts of waste being the largest volume of the sugar cane bagasse. For this reason looking up ways to use this material as burning for energy production and composition of forage in the diet of ruminants, however there are difficulties to use this production for this last one. This paper proposes a microbiological treatment with Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus in order to enable the bagasse in ruminant feed composition in order to be used more noble than their burning. After treatment with the fungus, tests were performed for quantifying crude protein by the method of Kjeldhal. It was verified that the protein content in the pure bagasse was 1.0% after fermentation the protein content was 4.2% with L.edodes and 4.9% with P. ostreatus. To evaluate the protein quality of the product fermented by L. edodes and P. ostreatus was applied microbiological method for growth of Enterococcus zimogenes verifying that after fermentation the protein quality was 76 and 27.4% with L. edodes and P.ostreatus, respectively, compared with casein. The quantification of amino acids showed significant improvement of protein with altered amino acid profile with treatments of fungos. About of DQO and BOD were also found considerable improvement besides considerable drop in toxicity as measured by acute toxicity test with Daphinia similis

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O fator de início da tradução de eucariotos eIF5A é uma proteína essencial para a viabilidade celular, altamente conservada em arqueas e em eucariotos e apresenta uma modificação pós-traducional única em que um resíduo específico de lisina é modificado para o aminoácido hipusina. O processo de hipusinação é essencial para a função de eIF5A e consequentemente para a viabilidade celular. eIF5A foi descrita inicialmente como um fator de início da tradução, pois estimula a síntese de metionil-puromicina in vitro, porém, dados recentes de nosso e de outros grupos mostraram um papel para eIF5A na etapa de elongação da tradução. eIF5A é um homólogo estrutural do fator de elongação da tradução P (EF-P) de bactérias. EF-P também estimula a síntese de metionil-puromicina, sendo essencial para viabilidade celular em bactérias, além disso EF-P também apresenta uma modificação pós-traducional semelhante à hipusinação. Recentemente, em nosso laboratório, foi isolado o RNA transportador de alanina (tRNAAla) como supressor do fenótipo de sensibilidade a temperatura do mutante tif51AQ22H/L93F de eIF5A, sugerindo uma possível correlação funcional entre estes fatores. Tendo em vista a homologia estrutural entre eIF5A e EF-P e a possível homologia funcional entre estes fatores, pretende-se entender a relação de eIF5A com o tRNA de alanina e com isso contribuir para a caracterização do papel específico desta proteína na elongação da tradução. Portanto, foram clonados diferentes genes que codificam para diversos tRNA´s (glicina, leucina, prolina, metionina e fenilalanina) para averiguar se a supressão observada para o tRNA de alanina também pode ser vista com estes outros tRNA’s ou se é específica. Considerando-se que eIF5A foi descrita a mais de trinta anos sem que sua função específica fosse caracterizada, este estudo pode contribuir... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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O fator de início da tradução de eucariotos 5A (eIF5A) é uma proteína essencial para a viabilidade celular, altamente conservada em arqueas e eucariotos e apresenta uma modificação pós-traducional única em que um resíduo específico de lisina é modificado para o aminoácido hipusina. O processo de hipusinação é essencial para a função de eIF5A e consequentemente para viabilidade celular. eIF5A foi descrita inicialmente como um fator de início da tradução pois estimula a síntese de metionil-puromicina in vitro, porém, dados de nosso e de outro laboratório mostraram um papel para eIF5A na etapa de elongação da tradução. eIF5A é um homólogo estrutural do fator de elongação da tradução P (EF-P) de bactérias. EF-P também estimula a síntese de metionil-puromicina, sendo essencial para viabilidade celular em algumas espécies de bactérias. Dados recentes mostram que EF-P, bem como eIF5A participam na etapa de elongação da tradução facilitando a tradução de sequências de parada, “stalling motifs”. Foi isolado, em nosso laboratório, o gene que codifica para o tRNA de alanina como supressor do fenótipo de sensibilidade a temperatura do mutante tif51AK56A, sugerindo uma possível correlação funcional entre estes genes. Para compreender o mecanismo de supressão e estudar a relação com outros tRNAs este estudo foi proposto e realizado.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Cassava wastewater, generated during cassava processing, is a highly polluting and toxic waste. This study aimed to assess the relationship of cassava treatment efficiency in two aerobic sequencing batch reactors, cylindrical plastics (31cm height x 9cm diameter), with 2.0 liters capacity and 1.5 liters of work volume, a ratio of diameter and height of the liquid 1:2.5, with a running time of 24 hours and stoppage aeration for 16 hours with average feed of 2,500 and 6,000 mg COD. L -1. COD, pH, SVI and F/M were analyzed. The results obtained in the two reactors showed an average reduction of 94.1% and 76.8% organic content, respectively; pH values showed a rising in the output pH values compared to entry ones; SVI values obtained: 54.1 mL/g, 99.3 mL/g, respectively in a F/M ratio values worked out of 0.4 d-1 and 1,1 d-1 , respectively. The results demonstrated that the process has generated considerable saving in energy consumption compared to traditional continuous systems, was efficient and did not affect the efficiency overly of the reactor.

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The cassava wastewater, generated during the cassava processing, is a pollutant and toxic waste. This study compared the efficiency of the cassava wastewater treatment in three batch aerobic systems with a ru1nning time of 24 hours, and aeration stoppage of 12h with 2,500, 6,000 and 10,000 mg COD L-1 . The systems were evaluated for COD, pH, SVI and F/M. The results showed that the reactor with aeration stoppage for 12 hours, with 2,500 mg COD L-1 , presented the best reduction in a process with considerable energy consumption saving compared to traditional continuous systems.

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS