Diseño de programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-off académicas

En el presente trabajo, por medio de una revisión de la literatura, identificamos una serie de variables que condicionan las características de los programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-off académicas, establecemos las condiciones bajo las cuales parece que deberían ir en un sentido u otro y perfilamos cuatro modelos básicos de programas.Los resultados del estudio pueden ser una buena guía para las autoridades académicas interesadas en la implantación de un programa de apoyo a la creación de spin-off o para la mejora de la eficiencia de programas ya existentes.

Report on the physical, bacteriological and biochemical analyses of seawater samples collected off existing sewage outfalls in the Sierra Leone River Estuary

The studies reported were undertaken as part of a wide environmental feasibility study for the establishment of a modern sewage system in Freetown. The aim of this part of the study was to determine whether the hydrological regime of the Sierra Leone River Estuary would permit the large-scale introduction of sewage into the estuary without damaging the environment. The important factors were whether: 1) there would be sufficient dilution of the sewage; 2) fleatable particles or other substances would create significant adverse effects in the estuarine ecosystem. The outfall sites are described together with the sampling stations, methods and analyses. Results include: 1) T/S profiles; 2) chemical analysis of the water. A review of literature on the Sierra Leone River Estuary is included which provides information on the plankton, benthos and fisheries. Results suggest that at certain points where local circulations occur it would be inadvisable to locate untreated sewage outfalls. Such points are frequently observed in small embayments. These studies have been of short duration but the data can serve as baseline for more extended investigations which would give a more complete picture of the seasonal patterns in the estuary.

The long road of climate negotiations: From Kyoto to Paris stopping over in Doha

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La spin-off universitaria como mecanismo para la transferencia de conocimiento

En los últimos años, ha crecido el número de publicaciones existentes sobre el fenómeno de las spin-offs apareciendo así como un mecanismo revolucionario en el cumplimiento de la tercera misión de la universidad. El presente trabajo analiza la creación de spin-offs universitarias como método para la transferencia de conocimiento universidad-empresa, analizando en un principio la historia de la universidad, los modelos y mecanismos para la transferencia de conocimiento. El análisis continúa con una conceptualización del fenómeno una diferenciación de los tipos de spin-offs, además de destacar sus beneficios y factores condicionantes. Por último, se realiza una síntesis del marco legal vigente y un estudio aplicado sobre esta realidad en la UPV/EHU.

Concerning the current conditions and transport of sand in the shallow water areas off the coast of the south-eastern North Sea [Translation from: Hamburger Kustenforschung 29 [pages 41-43 only], 1974]

With the aid of the German Research Association in the central programme 'Sand movements in the German coastal region', an investigation into the current conditions in the shallow water areas of the coasts of the south-eastern North Sea between Sylt and the Weser estuary was carried out by the author. Foundations of the work are 19 continuous current recordings in five profiles normal to the coast from years 1971 to 1973. Off the coasts of the south-eastern North Sea varying tidal currents impinge; they are currents whose directions may vary periodically through all points of the compass. They are caused by the circulating tides in the North Sea (Amphidromien). The turning flow movement experiences a deformation in the very shallow coastal waters, and as it happens the flow turning movement in the case of high tide continues right up onto the outer flats, while here and in the fore-lying shallow water areas around the time of low water (on account of the small depths of waters), there prevails a more variable current. A result of this hydrodynamical procedure is the development of counter currents. This partial translation of the original paper provides the summary of this study of of the mudflat areas between the Elbe and Weser.