Aspectos biológicos de Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em três cultivares de algodoeiro e em três espécies de plantas daninhas

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os aspectos biológicos de A. gossypii em três cultivares de algodoeiro e em três espécies de plantas daninhas. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Controle Biológico, sob condições controladas de temperatura (25 ± 1ºC), umidade relativa do ar (70 ± 10%) e fotofase (12 horas). Foram utilizados seis tratamentos, correspondendo às cultivares de algodoeiro CNPA ITA 90, Coodetec 402 e Deltaopal e espécies de plantas daninhas: guanxuma (Sida santaremnensis), malva-preta (Sidastrum micranthum) e trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis). As unidades experimentais (25 repetições) consistiram de placas de Petri contendo ágar-água a 1% solidificado. Nestas placas, os ofídeos foram mantidos individualmente sobre discos foliares (3cm de diâmetro) de seus respectivos tratamentos. Os menores valores, em dias, para a fase ninfal foram obtidos em CNPA ITA 90 (4,39 ± 0,74), Deltaopal (4,45 ± 0,75), Coodetec 402 (4,47 ± 0,75) e trapoeraba (4,75 ± 0,80). O período reprodutivo e a longevidade dos adultos variaram de 8,21 ± 0,85 a 15,52 ± 0,93 e 11,09 ± 0,97 a 24,33 ± 1,59 dias, respectivamente, sobre guanxuma e Deltaopal. As cultivares de algodoeiro são mais favoráveis a A. gossypii que as plantas daninhas e na ausência de plantas de algodoeiro, as plantas daninhas guanxuma, trapoeraba e malva-preta são hospedeiros potenciais para manutenção da população de A. gossypii.

Larval stages of Pyromaia tuberculata (Lockington, 1877) (Decapoda, Majidae, Inachinae) reared in the laboratory

The larval development of Pyromaia tuberculata (Lockington, 1877) is described from specimens reared in the laboratory. Larvae were obtained from ovigerous females collected by trawl in Ubatuba, São Paulo state, Brazil. Rearing was carried out at 24 +/- 1 degrees C in 35 parts per thousand S. The larvae pass through two zoeal stages before moulting to the megalopa. A comparison is made with previously studied majid species occurring in the southern and southeastern regions of Brazil.

A new species of Pterodectes Robin, 1877 (Proctophyllodidae: Pterodectinae) from the pale-breasted thrush, Turdus leucomelas (Passeriformes: Turdidae)

A new species of feather mite, Pterodectes fissuratus sp. n., is described from the pale-breasted thrush, Turdus leucomelas Veillot (Passeriformes: Turdidae), in Brazil. This species is easily distinguished by having numerous well-pronounced lacunae and a longitudinal median furrow on prodorsal and hysteronotal shields in both sexes. Copyright © 2005 Magnolia Press.

Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American xenodontines: A revised classification and descriptions of new taxa

We present a molecular phylogenetic analysis of caenophidian (advanced) snakes using sequences from two mitochondrial genes (12S and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (c-mos) gene (1681 total base pairs), and with 131 terminal taxa sampled from throughout all major caenophidian lineages but focussing on Neotropical xenodontines. Direct optimization parsimony analysis resulted in a well-resolved phylogenetic tree, which corroborates some clades identified in previous analyses and suggests new hypotheses for the composition and relationships of others. The major salient points of our analysis are: (1) placement of Acrochordus, Xenodermatids, and Pareatids as successive outgroups to all remaining caenophidians (including viperids, elapids, atractaspidids, and all other colubrid groups); (2) within the latter group, viperids and homalopsids are sucessive sister clades to all remaining snakes; (3) the following monophyletic clades within crown group caenophidians: Afro-Asian psammophiids (including Mimophis from Madagascar), Elapidae (including hydrophiines but excluding Homoroselaps), Pseudoxyrhophiinae, Colubrinae, Natricinae, Dipsadinae, and Xenodontinae. Homoroselaps is associated with atractaspidids. Our analysis suggests some taxonomic changes within xenodontines, including new taxonomy for Alsophis elegans, Liophis amarali, and further taxonomic changes within Xenodontini and the West Indian radiation of xenodontines. Based on our molecular analysis, we present a revised classification for caenophidians and provide morphological diagnoses for many of the included clades; we also highlight groups where much more work is needed. We name as new two higher taxonomic clades within Caenophidia, one new subfamily within Dipsadidae, and, within Xenodontinae five new tribes, six new genera and two resurrected genera. We synonymize Xenoxybelis and Pseudablabes with Philodryas; Erythrolamprus with Liophis; and Lystrophis and Waglerophis with Xenodon.

Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Sibynophis (Serpentes: Colubroidea)

We present the results of the first molecular analysis of the phylogenetic affinities of the Asian colubroid genus Sibynophis. We recovered a sister-group relationship between Sibynophis and the New World Scaphiodontophis. Although Liophidium sometimes is associated with these genera, the relationship is distant. Morphological characters that Liophidium shares with Sibynophis and Scaphiodontophis are resolved as homoplasies that probably reflect the similarities of their specialized feeding habits. The traditional subfamily Sibynophiinae is elevated to the family-level, and Scaphiodontophiinae is placed in its synonymy.

Cellular responses in the Malpighian tubules of Scaptotrigona postica (Latreille, 1807) exposed to low doses of fipronil and boric acid

Studies of sub-lethal effects of pesticide residues on stingless bees are scarce and morphological analysis of organs would add information to toxicological analysis in order to clarify the continuous exposure of Scaptotrigona postica to insecticides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology and histochemistry of the Malpighian tubules (excretory organ) of S. postica exposed to fipronil or boric acid to detect cellular responses that indicate toxicity or adaptative mechanisms to stress induced by exposure of worker bees to low doses of these chemical compounds. Newly emerged bees were submitted to toxicological bioassays and morphological analyses by optical microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy, as well as histochemical methods, were performed to detect proteins and glycoconjugates. Additionally, immunohistochemical detection of DNA fragmentation and HSP70 (70-kDa Heat shock protein) were performed to detect cell death and stress response, respectively. Statistical analysis, for the bioassays conducted with ingestion of contaminated diet with boric acid at 0.75% (w/w) or with fipronil at 0.1μg/kg of food, showed that the survival of bees that ingested the contaminated diets were significantly different to the survival rate presented by the control group (P<0.0001). Although some characteristics indicative of initiation of cell death were observed, the cells remained metabolically active in the processes of excretion and inactivation of chemical compounds. The data from this study reinforce the importance of research on sublethal effects of low doses of pesticides on bees in an attempt to assess a possible realistic dose and evaluate the risk assessment of stingless bee S. postica foraging in the vicinity of cultivated fields and/or in green urban areas. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

Avaliação dos efeitos do inseticida imidacloprido para abelhas sem ferrão Scaptotrigona postica Latreille, 1807 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini): Hellen Maria Soares. -

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise morfológica e histoquímica do corpo gorduroso e dos túbulos de Malpighi de operárias adultas de Scaptotrigona postica (Latreille, 1807) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) tratadas com fipronil e ácido bórico

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Celular e Molecular) - IBRC

Theodoro de Moraes (1877-1956): um pioneiro na história do ensino da leitura pelo método analítico no Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Interação trófica entre cultivares de algodoeiro colorido, Aphis gossypii Glöver, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Harmonia axyridis (PALLAS, 1773) E Eriopis connexa (German, 1824) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)