The effect on CO2 emissions of taxing truck distance in retail transports

To finance transportation infrastructure and to address social and environmental negative externalities of road transports, several countries have recently introduced or consider a distance based tax on trucks. In competitive retail and transportation markets, such tax can be expected to lower the demand and thereby reduce CO2 emissions of road transports. However, as we show in this paper, such tax might also slow down the transition towards e-tailing. Considering that previous research indicates that a consumer switching from brick-and-mortar shopping to e-tailing reduces her CO2 emissions substantially, the direction and magnitude of the environmental net effect of the tax is unclear. In this paper, we assess the net effect in a Swedish regional retail market where the tax not yet is in place. We predict the net effect on CO2 emissions to be positive, but off-set by about 50% because of a slower transition to e-tailing.

Potential mitigation of midwest grass-finished beef production emissions with soil carbon sequestration in the United States of America

Beef production can be environmentally detrimental due in large part to associated enteric methane (CH4) production, which contributes to climate change. However, beef production in well-managed grazing systems can aid in soil carbon sequestration (SCS), which is often ignored when assessing beef production impacts on climate change. To estimate the carbon footprint and climate change mitigation potential of upper Midwest grass-finished beef production systems, we conducted a partial life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing two grazing management strategies: 1) a non-irrigated, lightly-stocked (1.0 AU/ha), high-density (100,000 kg LW/ha) system (MOB) and 2) an irrigated, heavily-stocked (2.5 AU/ha), low-density (30,000 kg LW/ha) system (IRG). In each system, April-born steers were weaned in November, winter-backgrounded for 6 months and grazed until their endpoint the following November, with average slaughter age of 19 months and a 295 kg hot carcass weight. As the basis for the LCA, we used two years of data from Lake City Research Center, Lake City, MI. We included greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with enteric CH4, soil N2O and CH4 fluxes, alfalfa and mineral supplementation, and farm energy use. We also generated results from the LCA using the enteric emissions equations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). We evaluated a range of potential rates of soil carbon (C) loss or gain of up to 3 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. Enteric CH4 had the largest impact on total emissions, but this varied by grazing system. Enteric CH4 composed 62 and 66% of emissions for IRG and MOB, respectively, on a land basis. Both MOB and IRG were net GHG sources when SCS was not considered. Our partial LCA indicated that when SCS potential was included, each grazing strategy could be an overall sink. Sensitivity analyses indicated that soil in the MOB and IRG systems would need to sequester 1 and 2 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 for a net zero GHG footprint, respectively. IPCC model estimates for enteric CH4 were similar to field estimates for the MOB system, but were higher for the IRG system, suggesting that 0.62 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 greater SCS would be needed to offset the animal emissions in this case.

2008 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Selected Iowa Source Categories

This report is the second inventory of point source-specific greenhouse gas emissions conducted by the Department of Natural Resources, covering more industrial sectors and greenhouse gas pollutants than the previous year. This report is required by Iowa Code 455B.851 to be submitted annually to the Iowa General Assembly and the Governor,

2009 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Selected Iowa Source Categories

This objective report is the third inventory of point source-specific greenhouse gas emissions conducted by the Department of Natural Resources. This report is required by Iowa Code 455B.851

2011 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report

This policy-neutral report is the sixth statewide greenhouse gas inventory conducted for Iowa as required by Iowa Code 455B.104.

2011 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report - Technical Support Document

This Technical Support Document is an addendum to the "2011 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory Report".

2012 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report

This policy-neutral report is the seventh statewide greenhouse gas inventory conducted for Iowa as required by Iowa Code 455B.104. Note: This report was amended on 12/11/14 to correct minor typographical errors.

2012 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report Technical Support Document

This technical support document is an addendum to the 2012 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report. Note: This report was amended on 12/11/14 to correct minor typographical errors.

2013 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report

This policy-neutral report is the eighth statewide greenhouse gas inventory conducted for Iowa as required by Iowa Code 455B.104.

2013 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Report Technical Support Document.

This technical support document is an addendum to the 2013 Iowa Statewide Greenhouse Ga Emissions Inventory.

Electromagnetic Emissions from Wireless Power Transfer System

In this paper, the measurement and analysis of the electromagnetic radiated emissions from the wireless power transfer system is reported. The aim is to evaluate the level of the electromagnetic field produced by the magnetic resonance wireless power transfer system. Due to the advances of the wireless power transfer technology, it becomes feasible to apply the wireless power transfer in the electric vehicles charging. Among the existent wireless power transfer technologies, the magnetic resonant coupling is proven to be the most suitable for this task. Because of strong electromagnetic field generated by wireless power transfer system the electromagnetic compatibility has become an important issue.

Do Global CO2 Emissions from Fossil-Fuel Consumption Exhibit Long Memory? A Fractional Integration Analysis

In this article we use an autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average approach to measure the degree of fractional integration of aggregate world CO2 emissions and its five components – coal, oil, gas, cement, and gas flaring. We find that all variables are stationary and mean reverting, but exhibit long-term memory. Our results suggest that both coal and oil combustion emissions have the weakest degree of long-range dependence, while emissions from gas and gas flaring have the strongest. With evidence of long memory, we conclude that transitory policy shocks are likely to have long-lasting effects, but not permanent effects. Accordingly, permanent effects on CO2 emissions require a more permanent policy stance. In this context, if one were to rely only on testing for stationarity and non-stationarity, one would likely conclude in favour of non-stationarity, and therefore that even transitory policy shocks

A baseline projection of methane emissions by the Brazilian beef sector: preliminary results .

2007

A new sward management strategy to mitigate the methane (CH4) emissions by grazing ruminants.

2016

Soil N²O emissions from long-term agroecosystems: interactive effects of rainfall seasonality and crop rotation in the Brazilian cerrado.

2016