The Implications of Bach's Introduction of New Fugal Techniques and Procedures in the Well-Tempered Clavier Book Two

Among the fugues of the WTC II, there are some fugal techniques and procedures that were not explored in the first book. Here, the ‘fugal techniques’ include parallel entries (as used in the fugues in D-sharp minor, G minor and B-flat minor) and double counterpoint at the tenth or twelfth as well as fifteenth (as used in the fugues in G minor and B major). The ‘fugal procedures’, on the other hand, refer to meticulously planned multi-exposition architecture (as seen in the fugues in F-sharp minor exploiting two subsidiary subjects, and B-flat minor exploiting inversion and stretto) and a form in which the appearance of the subsidiary subject is gradually predicted in the fugal discourse (viz. C-sharp minor, G-sharp minor and B major). All these new ideas helped Bach to write more dramatic, more profound fugues for WTC II. The paper will consider how Bach came to acquire the new techniques and to use them in such ways, and what motivated him to adopt these new compositional approaches. Do they offer any clues for our better understanding of why Bach compiled the WTC II?

COUNTER-STATE ZIONISM AND POLITICAL ZIONISM

This article reviews the debate between Political Zionism and Counter-State Zionism, a little know and suggestive interpretation of Zionism

Managing Island Life:Social, Economic and Political Dimensions of Formality and Informality in Island Life

"Managing Island Life: Social, Economic and Political Dimensions of Formality and Informality in Island Life" is a significant and timely contribution to the study of islands and island life. Wide-ranging in terms of both geographical and theoretical sweep, contributions consider the conceptualisation of the island as well as social, economic and political dimensions of island life and living. Showcasing the current state of island research, contributors cover diverse areas of island life such as: informal economies in the West Indies; the effects of natural convservation policies in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland; the role of internet sites in British Isles heritage tourism, and the impact of multicultural policies in the Indian Ocean. This volume will appeal to undergraduate social scientists as well as professional anthropologists, sociologists and geographers, policy makers and islands and regional specialists.

New FFT architecture and chip design for motion compensation based on phase correlation

Details of a new low power FFT processor for use in digital television applications are presented. This has been fabricated using a 0.6 µm CMOS technology and can perform a 64 point complex forward or inverse FFT on real-rime video at up to 18 Megasamples per second. It comprises 0.5 million transistors in a die area of 7.8×8 mm and dissipates 1 W. Its performance, in terms of computational rate per area per watt, is significantly higher than previously reported devices, leading to a cost-effective silicon solution for high quality video processing applications. This is the result of using a novel VLSI architecture which has been derived from a first principles factorisation of the DFT matrix and tailored to a direct silicon implementation.