Proceedings of the national conference of charities and correction

Mode of access: Internet.

System of logic and history of logical doctrines. By. Dr. Friedrich Ueberweg... Tr. from the German, with notes and appendices, by Thomas M. Lindsay

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A system of anatomy and physiology, with the comparative anatomy of animals.

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Scientific memoirs, selected from the transactions of foreign academies of science, and from foreign journals. Natural philosophy

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A system of uniform and common international regulations for the protections and preservation of the food fishes in international boundary waters of the United States and Canada /

Caption title.

The nature and objects of the Royal Institution of Great Britain for the promotion, diffusion, and extension of science and of useful knowledge ...

Mode of access: Internet.

The development of an optimized system of narcotic and explosive contraband mimics for calibration and training of biological detectors

Current commercially available mimics contain varying amounts of either the actual explosive/drug or the chemical compound of suspected interest by biological detectors. As a result, there is significant interest in determining the dominant chemical odor signatures of the mimics, often referred to as pseudos, particularly when compared to the genuine contraband material. This dissertation discusses results obtained from the analysis of drug and explosive headspace related to the odor profiles as recognized by trained detection canines. Analysis was performed through the use of headspace solid phase microextraction in conjunction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Upon determination of specific odors, field trials were held using a combination of the target odors with COMPS. Piperonal was shown to be a dominant odor compound in the headspace of some ecstasy samples and a recognizable odor mimic by trained detection canines. It was also shown that detection canines could be imprinted on piperonal COMPS and correctly identify ecstasy samples at a threshold level of approximately 100ng/s. Isosafrole and/or MDP-2-POH show potential as training aid mimics for non-piperonal based MDMA. Acetic acid was shown to be dominant in the headspace of heroin samples and verified as a dominant odor in commercial vinegar samples; however, no common, secondary compound was detected in the headspace of either. Because of the similarities detected within respective explosive classes, several compounds were chosen for explosive mimics. A single based smokeless powder with a detectable level of 2,4-dinitrotoluene, a double based smokeless powder with a detectable level of nitroglycerine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, DMNB, ethyl centralite and diphenylamine were shown to be accurate mimics for TNT-based explosives, NG-based explosives, plastic explosives, tagged explosives, and smokeless powders, respectively. The combination of these six odors represents a comprehensive explosive odor kit with positive results for imprint on detection canines. As a proof of concept, the chemical compound PFTBA showed promise as a possible universal, non-target odor compound for comparison and calibration of detection canines and instrumentation. In a comparison study of shape versus vibration odor theory, the detection of d-methyl benzoate and methyl benzoate was explored using canine detectors. While results did not overwhelmingly substantiate either theory, shape odor theory provides a better explanation of the canine and human subject responses.

Sister Practices: Non-Normative Experiences of Time and Technology

This chapter summarises some of the learning from a material practice that sits in a sisterly manner next to architecture. Drawing on feminist writing and the experiences of women in professional life more generally, the chapter will examine how mainstream understanding of time and technology limit the engagement of those people in society who do not fit given norms. The chapter argues that when we examine such concepts in more detail and expand them to reflect diverse experiences those very same concepts offer new potentials and innovative openings for the progression of disciplines such as architecture.

Novel Synthesis of Carbocycles and Heterocycles Employing Zwitterions Derived from Allenic Esters

Carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond formations constitute the central events in organic synthesis. In view of this, much of the research in organic synthesis has been focused on devising novel and efficient methods for such bond constructions. In general, polar, pericyclic and radical methodologies are employed for this purpose. The polar and radical reactions proceed via reactive intermediates such as carbanions, enols/enolates, enamines, carbocations, radical cations, radical anions, carbenes, zwitterions etc. In recent years, there has been enormous interest in the chemistry of zwitterionic species largely from the standpoint of their applications in multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and organocatalytic reactions. Zwitterions formed by the addition of nucleophiles to electrophilic π-systems such as acetylenic esters and azoesters have been the subject of extensive investigations; their synthetic utility, however, remained largely unexplored. Investigations in a number of laboratories, including our own, have shown that zwitterions of the type mentioned above on reaction with electrophiles give rise to carbo- and heterocyclic products by 1,3- or 1,4-dipolar cycloadditions. Recently, allenoates, another class of active π-systems were introduced to this field. Against this background, a systematic investigation of the reactions of various zwitterions derived from allenoates with different electrophiles especially 1,2-diones, were carried out. The results of these studies are embodied in the thesis entitled “Novel Synthesis of Carbocycles and Heterocycles Employing Zwitterions Derived from Allenic Esters”.