Evidence of various mechanisms of Cd sequestration in the hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri, the non accumulator Arabidopsis lyrata and their progenies by combined synchrotron-based techniques

Arabidopsis halleri is a model plant for Zn and Cd hyperaccumulation. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the chemical forms of Cd, its distribution in leaves, and Cd accumulation and tolerance. An interspecific cross was carried out between A. halleri and the non-tolerant and non-hyperaccumulating relative A. lyrata providing progenies segregating for Cd tolerance and accumulation. Cd speciation and distribution were investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and microfocused X-ray fluorescence. In A. lyrata and non-tolerant progenies, Cd was coordinated by S atoms only or with a small contribution of O groups. Interestingly, the proportion of O ligands increased in A. halleri and tolerant progenies, and they were predominant in most of them, while S ligands were still present. Therefore, the binding of Cd with O ligands was associated with Cd tolerance. In A. halleri, Cd was mainly located in the xylem, phloem, and mesophyll tissue, suggesting a reallocation process for Cd within the plant. The distribution of the metal at the cell level was further discussed. In A. lyrata, the vascular bundles were also Cd enriched, but the epidermis was richer in Cd as compared with the mesophyll. Cd was identified in trichomes of both species. This work demonstrated that both Cd speciation and localization were related to the tolerance character of the plant.

Rotational analysis of the v6 band in furan (C4H4O)

SCOPUS: no.j

New high-resolution analysis of the ν7 and ν9 fundamental bands of trans-formic acid by IR Fourier transform and millimeterwave spectroscopies

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

L'expression des grands nombres dans l'Arénaire d'Archimède

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Cross-sectional study of 168 patients with hepatorenal tyrosinaemia and implications for clinical practice

Background: Hepatorenal tyrosinaemia (Tyr 1) is a rare inborn error of tyrosine metabolism. Without treatment, patients are at high risk of developing acute liver failure, renal dysfunction and in the long run hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of our study was to collect cross-sectional data. Methods. Via questionnaires we collected retrospective data of 168 patients with Tyr 1 from 21 centres (Europe, Turkey and Israel) about diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and outcome. In a subsequent consensus workshop, we discussed data and clinical implications. Results: Early treatment by NTBC accompanied by diet is essential to prevent serious complications such as liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma and renal disease. As patients may remain initially asymptomatic or develop uncharacteristic clinical symptoms in the first months of life newborn mass screening using succinylacetone (SA) as a screening parameter in dried blood is mandatory for early diagnosis. NTBC-treatment has to be combined with natural protein restriction supplemented with essential amino acids. NTBC dosage should be reduced to the minimal dose allowing metabolic control, once daily dosing may be an option in older children and adults in order to increase compliance. Metabolic control is judged by SA (below detection limit) in dried blood or urine, plasma tyrosine (<400 μM) and NTBC-levels in the therapeutic range (20-40 μM). Side effects of NTBC are mild and often transient. Indications for liver transplantation are hepatocellular carcinoma or failure to respond to NTBC. Follow-up procedures should include liver and kidney function tests, tumor markers and imaging, ophthalmological examination, blood count, psychomotor and intelligence testing as well as therapeutic monitoring (SA, tyrosine, NTBC in blood). Conclusion: Based on the data from 21 centres treating 168 patients we were able to characterize current practice and clinical experience in Tyr 1. This information could form the basis for clinical practice recommendations, however further prospective data are required to underpin some of the recommendations.

PHARMACORADIOLOGIE ET PHARMACOTHERAPIE LYMPHATIQUES

SCOPUS: NotDefined.j

Science objectives and performances of NOMAD, a spectrometer suite for the ExoMars TGO mission

The NOMAD spectrometer suite on the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter will map the composition and distribution of Mars atmospheric trace species in unprecedented detail, fulfilling many of the scientific objectives of the joint ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter mission. The instrument is a combination of three channels, covering a spectral range from the UV to the IR, and can perform solar occultation, nadir and limb observations. In this paper, we present the science objectives of the instrument and how these objectives have influenced the design of the channels. We also discuss the expected performance of the instrument in terms of coverage and detection sensitivity.

The HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database: Edition of 2000 including updates through 2001

This paper describes the status circa 2001, of the HITRAN compilation that comprises the public edition available through 2001. The HITRAN compilation consists of several components useful for radiative transfer calculation codes: high-resolution spectroscopic parameters of molecules in the gas phase, absorption cross-sections for molecules with very dense spectral features, aerosol refractive indices, ultraviolet line-by-line parameters and absorption cross-sections, and associated database management software. The line-by-line portion of the database contains spectroscopic parameters for 38 molecules and their isotopologues and isotopomers suitable for calculating atmospheric transmission and radiance properties. Many more molecular species are presented in the infrared cross-section data than in the previous edition, especially the chlorofluorocarbons and their replacement gases. There is now sufficient representation so that quasi-quantitative simulations can be obtained with the standard radiance codes. In addition to the description and justification of new or modified data that have been incorporated since the last edition of HITRAN (1996), future modifications are indicated for cases considered to have a significant impact on remote-sensing experiments. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The HITRAN 2004 molecular spectroscopic database

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Laboratory Fourier transform spectroscopy of the water absorption continuum from 2500 to 22500 cm-1

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Reply to the comment on 'The dispersed laser induced fluorescence spectrum of gas phase C60 at 308 nm'

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Absolute intensities of water vapor lines in the near ultraviolet and visible regions

Collection :Europto series, 6

La geometría dinámica con CABRI II

La utilización de una herramienta nueva, de cualquier tipo que sea, necesita de una reflexión sobre lo que hacemos, muchas veces cambia nuestro modo de trabajar (actitud) y hace surgir problemas sobre las verdades que teníamos. En matemática los conocimientos utilizados pueden ser diferentes: comparar una construcción geométrica con regla y compás o con regla y escuadra (mecánica) o solamente con compás. En este curso se explora de manera activa el software Cabri II. En una primera etapa se realiza la construcción de triángulos -sus elementos secundarios- y circunferencias inscritas y circunscritas así como exploraciones de simetría. En una segunda etapa se elaboran macro construcciones o construcciones que podemos grabar, para luego reutilizar en figuras más complejas, sin necesidad de rehacerlas. A través de la exploración ya descrita se reflexiona sobre el aporte de esta herramienta al quehacer pedagógico y/o científico. El uso del software es muy cercano a la forma de pensar en la geometría clásica, lo que permite a los estudiantes acercarse a esta disciplina y hacer conjeturas. Corresponde advertir que, como Cabri II no es un software de dibujo ni de demostración sino que está basado en un ambiente numérico, hay errores de aproximación. aunque leves. Se inicia el curso explicando brevemente el funcionamiento del software Cabri II para pasar a realizar actividades de construcción y comprobación de relaciones geométricas.

Adaptive decision-making in buildingEXODUS in response to exit congestion

Given the importance of occupant behavior on evacuation efficiency, a new behavioral feature has been implemented into building EXODUS. This feature concerns the response of occupants to exit selection and re-direction, given that the occupant is queuing at an external exit. This behavior is not simply pre-determined by the user as part of the initialization process, but involves the occupant taking decisions based on their previous experiences with the enclosure and the information available to them. This information concerns the occupant's prior knowledge of the enclosure and line-of-sight information concerning queues at neighboring exits. This new feature is demonstrated and reviewed through several examples.

The numerical simulation of noncharring thermal degradation and its application to the prediction of compartment fire development

In this paper we present some work concerned with the development and testing of a simple solid fuel combustion model incorporated within a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) framework. The model is intended for use in engineering applications of fire field modeling and represents an extension of this technique to situations involving the combustion of solid fuels. The CFD model is coupled with a simple thermal pyrolysis model for combustible solid noncharring fuels, a six-flux radiation model and an eddy-dissipation model for gaseous combustion. The model is then used to simulate a series of small-scale room fire experiments in which the target solid fuel is polymethylmethacrylate. The numerical predictions produced by this coupled model are found to be in very good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, numerical predictions of the relationship between the air entrained into the fire compartment and the ventilation factor produce a characteristic linear correlation with constant of proportionality 0.38 kg/sm5/12. The simulation results also suggest that the model is capable of predicting the onset of "flashover" type behavior within the fire compartment.