Eficácia acaricida de uma emulsão contendo 10% de óleo de nim (Azadirachta indica) no controle de Psoroptes ovis em coelhos naturalmente infestados

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de uma emulsão contendo 10% de óleo de nim, Azadirachta indica, no controle de Psoroptes ovis em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Foram utilizados 12 coelhos separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos de seis animais cada. O grupo controle permaneceu sem tratamento, enquanto que o grupo tratado recebeu a formulação em teste, contendo 10% de Nim, borrifando ambos os condutos auditivos, uma vez ao dia, por sete dias consecutivos. Os animais foram avaliados diariamente para observação de possíveis efeitos adversos do produto. Nos dias +3, +7, +14,+21, +28 e +35 foi coletado material de todos os animais para avaliação da presença de ácaros vivos. Os coelhos do grupo controle apresentavam ácaros em ambos os condutos auditivos em todos os dias de observação. O grupo tratado apresentou eficácia de 41,7% no dia +3 e 100% a partir do dia +7 até o dia +35. O produto demonstrou ser eficaz no tratamento da sarna psoróptica em coelhos. Entretanto, todos os animais tratados apresentaram reações dermatológicas, tais como alopecia e hiperemia no local de aplicação do produto, variando de baixa a média severidade.

Marketed recordings of hymns: old wine in new wineskins? : a musico-sociological study of developments and reception in the Nordic region since 1991

Artikkeli on julkaistu Hymnologi - Nordiskt tidskirft -lehden numerossa 3-4 / 2012.

Efficacy of the d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association against mites in naturally co-infested rabbits

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association against Psoroptes ovis, Cheyletiella parasitivorax, and Leporacarus gibbus infestations in naturally co-infested rabbits. Twenty crossbreed (New Zealand White x California) rabbits concurrently infested by the three mite species were randomly divided in two groups. All rabbits presented with hyperemia, erythema and formation of crusts in the ear canals caused by P. ovis. Infestations by both C. parasitivorax and L. gibbus were considered asymptomatic in all animals.Ten animals were treated with a 4.4% d-phenothrin and 0.148% pyriproxyfen spray formulation until have their body surface uniformly sprayed, including external ear canals. The other ten rabbits remained untreated, serving as control group. Observations were done on days +7, +14, +21, +28, and +35 post-treatment. The d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen association showed 100% efficacy against the three mite species and was responsible for the remission of psoroptic mange lesions on treated animals. No signs of intoxication were observed. The results indicate that d-phenothrin/pyriproxyfen spray formulation in a single application is an effective and clinically safe option for the control of different mite infestations in rabbits.

Eficácia da ivermectina oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da ivermectina administrada por via oral no controle de Psoroptes ovis e Leporacarus gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados. Foram selecionados 20 coelhos adultos, distribuídos na mesma proporção de ambos os sexos, em dois grupos experimentais, compondo dez animais por grupo. No grupo controle foi administrado o mesmo volume do tratamento de solução salina, enquanto o grupo tratado recebeu dose única de ivermectina oral (400 µg/Kg). O diagnóstico dos ácaros foi realizado com auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico após a devida coleta de material. Para P. ovis foi realizada através de coleta do cerúmen com auxílio de zaragatoas efetuadas nas orelhas e para por L. gibbus foi realizada coleta de pelos nas regiões do pescoço dorsal, lombar direita, lombar esquerda, cauda ventral e abdômen ventral. A avaliação da eficácia e a avaliação clínica das lesões, mensuradas em escores (grau 0 a 4) foi realizada nos dias 0, +3, +7, +14, +21, +28 e + 35, após o tratamento. Foi observada a eficácia de 100% no controle de P. ovis a partir do dia +7 e para L. gibbus a partir do dia +14, mantendo-se negativos até o final do período experimental. O escore da lesão das orelhas do grupo tratado regrediu a partir do dia +14 e no dia +21 todos os animais atingiram grau 0. No grupo controle, dois animais apresentaram aumento no escore da lesão das orelhas, um coelho apresentou aumento do escore de grau 1 para 2 e outro coelho de grau 3 para 4. Não foram observadas quaisquer reações adversas nos animais tratados. A ivermectina administrada por via oral em dose única foi eficaz no controle de P. ovis e L. gibbus em coelhos naturalmente infestados.

Clinical and parasitological evaluation of pour-on fluazuron and ivermectin for treating canine demodicosis

The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of pour-on formulations of fluazuron and ivermectin in different therapeutic protocols for treatment of demodicosis by means of quantifying mites with skin scraping, histological and clinical evaluation in dogs. Eighteen dogs with skin scrapings positive for Demodex canis were evaluated, divided into three groups. All the animals were treated every 14 days, completing 6 treatments for each animal (days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70). In group 1, pour-on 2.5% fluazuron was used at the dose of 20mg/kg; in the group 2 pour-on 2.5% fluazuron at a dose of 20 mg/kg in association with pour-on 0.5% ivermectin at the dose of 0.6mg/kg; and in group 3, pour-on 0.5% ivermectin alone was used, at the dose of 0.6mg/kg. The treatment was evaluated and monitored through skin scrapings and clinical follow-up of the lesions every 14 days for 84 days, and through histopathological examination at the end of each treatment protocol. The success rate was defined as the percentage of dogs in each group that had negative skin scrapings after the treatment: this was 16.67% for group 1, and 50% for groups 2 and 3. The reduction in mite counts reached effectiveness of 67.66%, 88.99% and 84.29% for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The Wilcoxon test showed that there was a significant difference between the number of mites before and after treatment in groups 2 and 3. The histopathological examination revealed that only group 1 showed no significant difference in the intensity of infestation between days 0 and 84. Clinically, there was no significant difference between the evaluation before and after treatment in the three groups. pour-on 2.5% fluazuron and pour-on 0.5% ivermectin were not effective for treating canine demodicosis, either in association or as single therapy, when applied every 14 days for a period of 70 days. Quantification of mites using skin scrapings and histological evaluation proved to be ineffective, either one as sole therapeutic evaluation parameters, for canine demodicosis.

Eficácia do fipronil em cães infestados com diferentes cargas parasitárias de Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar através de teste in vivo, a eficácia e o período residual de proteção do fipronil 10% "top spot" em cães infestados com diferentes cargas parasitárias de Ctenocephalides felis felis. Foram utilizados 24 cães da raça Beagle, compondo seis animais por grupo. Os cães foram divididos em quatro grupos. Os cães dos grupos controles I e II não receberam tratamento, enquanto que os cães dos grupos tratados I e II receberam tratamento com formulação de fipronil 10% "top spot". Os cães dos grupos controle I e tratado I foram infestados com 100 pulgas adultas não alimentadas, e os cães dos grupos controle II e tratado II foram infestados com 300 pulgas adultas não alimentadas. As infestações foram realizadas nos dias, -2, +5, +12, +19, +26, +33 e +40 e nos dias +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35 e +42 foi realizada retirada mecânica e contagem de pulgas para avaliação. As eficácias pulguicidas, para o grupo tratado I, nos dias +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35 e +42, foram respectivamente 99,36%; 99,73%; 99,48%; 99,74%; 99,75%; 95,06% e 67,62%. As eficácias pulguicidas, para o grupo tratado II, avaliadas nos mesmos dias, foram respectivamente 100%; 100%; 100%; 100%; 99,91%; 95,60% e 68,55%. O fipronil mostrou-se eficaz na eliminação das pulgas em cães até o dia +35. A análise estatística comparativa entre as médias de pulgas vivas, entre os grupos controle I e tratado I, demonstrou que ocorreu diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para os desafios em todos os dias experimentais, após o tratamento. Os grupos controle II e tratado II também apresentaram diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para os desafios em todos os dias experimentais, após o tratamento. A análise estatística entre os grupos tratados I e II demonstrou que não ocorreu diferença significativa (p≥0,05) para os desafios em todos os dias experimentais. O desafio foi encerrado no dia +42 já que a eficácia do fipronil nos grupos tratados I e II foram inferiores 70%. O produto em teste mostrou-se eficaz na eliminação das pulgas em cães até o dia + 35, não apresentando mais efeito residual de proteção quando os animais foram reinfestados. Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de eficácia entre os grupos infestados com 100 e 300 exemplares adultos de C. felis felis ao longo do período experimental.

Glyphosate e associações em pós-emergência no desempenho agronômico e na qualidade das sementes de soja RR®

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os componentes de produção e a qualidade das sementes de soja RR® em função da aplicação, em pós-emergência, de glyphosate isolado e em mistura em tanque. Os experimentos de campo foram instalados no município de Mandaguari, Paraná, em duas safras. Os tratamentos testados (doses em g i.a. ha-1) foram compostos por glyphosate (960), glyphosate+fluazifop-p-butyl+fomesafen em duas diferentes combinações (960+187,5+187,5 e 960+312,5+312,5), glyphosate+bentazon (960+720), glyphosate+chlorimuron-ethyl (960+25), testemunha sem capina e testemunha capinada. As aplicações foram realizadas no momento em que a cultura se encontrava entre os estádios V4 e V5. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram produtividade, massa de mil sementes e, ainda, a qualidade das sementes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias, comparadas por meio do método de agrupamento de Scott-Knott. As misturas glyphosate+chlorimuron-ethyl e fluazifop-p-butyl+fomesafen comprometeram o desempenho agronômico do cultivar avaliado, sendo a mistura com chlorimuron-ethyl mais prejudicial. As associações possuem potencial de interferir negativamente na qualidade das sementes, especialmente no vigor.

Packaging Content for Aggregated and Federated Repositories through APTrust

Presentation at Open Repositories 2014, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014

A Model for Integrating the Publication and Preservation of Journal Articles

Presentation at Open Repositories 2014, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014

Reusing repository technology for Cultural Heritage and Special Collections

Presentation at Open Repositories 2014, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014

Globaalin kirkon synty ja tausta

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Assessment of silver-stained AFLP markers for studying DNA polymorphism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a serious weed in North America. A high number of wild proso millet biotypes are known but the genetic basis of its phenotypic variation is poorly understood. In the present study, a non-radioactive silver staining method for PCR-Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was evaluated for studying genetic polymorphism in American proso millet biotypes. Twelve biotypes and eight primer combinations with two/three and three/three selective nucleotides were used. Pair of primers with two/three selective nucleotides produced the highest number of amplified DNA fragments, while pair of primers with three/three selective nucleotides were more effective for revealing more polymorphic DNA fragments. The two better primer combinations were EcoR-AAC/Mse-CTT and EcoR-ACT/Mse-CAA with seven and eleven polymorphic DNA fragments, respectively. In a total of 450 amplified fragments, at least 339 appeared well separated in a silver stained acrylamide gel and 39 polymorphic DNA bands were scored. The level of polymorphic DNA (11.5%) using only eight pairs of primers were effective for grouping proso millet biotypes in two clusters but insufficient for separating hybrid biotypes from wild and crop. Nevertheless, the present result indicates that silver stained AFLP markers could be a cheap and important tool for studying genetic relationships in proso millet.

Matérias nebulosas: coisas que acontecem em uma festa de exu

Resumo Neste ensaio, estamos interessados menos em “objetos” do que em certos tipos de coisas: coisas como fumaça, gestos, imagens, encruzilhadas, pessoas e entidades. Tomando um evento em particular – uma festa de exu –, buscamos explorar a circulação de tais coisas, que se configuram numa nebulosa encruzilhada entre coisa e signo, ação e significado. Longe de explorarmos a festa por seus conteúdos simbólicos, abordamos o próprio jogo tenso entre significação e materialidade que ali ganha vida. Tais matérias nebulosas envolvem não movimentos claramente identificáveis ou transições entre coisas pré-constituídas, ou mesmo os processos ordenados/ordenadores pelos quais essas coisas são constituídas, mas estados potenciais indeterminados e atos imprevistos, processos materiais e performativos de circulação em que as coisas ganham vida na festa.

Lightweight, liquid-cooled, direct-drive generator for highpower wind turbines: motivation, concept, and performance

Thesis: A liquid-cooled, direct-drive, permanent-magnet, synchronous generator with helical, double-layer, non-overlapping windings formed from a copper conductor with a coaxial internal coolant conduit offers an excellent combination of attributes to reliably provide economic wind power for the coming generation of wind turbines with power ratings between 5 and 20MW. A generator based on the liquid-cooled architecture proposed here will be reliable and cost effective. Its smaller size and mass will reduce build, transport, and installation costs. Summary: Converting wind energy into electricity and transmitting it to an electrical power grid to supply consumers is a relatively new and rapidly developing method of electricity generation. In the most recent decade, the increase in wind energy’s share of overall energy production has been remarkable. Thousands of land-based and offshore wind turbines have been commissioned around the globe, and thousands more are being planned. The technologies have evolved rapidly and are continuing to evolve, and wind turbine sizes and power ratings are continually increasing. Many of the newer wind turbine designs feature drivetrains based on Direct-Drive, Permanent-Magnet, Synchronous Generators (DD-PMSGs). Being low-speed high-torque machines, the diameters of air-cooled DD-PMSGs become very large to generate higher levels of power. The largest direct-drive wind turbine generator in operation today, rated just below 8MW, is 12m in diameter and approximately 220 tonne. To generate higher powers, traditional DD-PMSGs would need to become extraordinarily large. A 15MW air-cooled direct-drive generator would be of colossal size and tremendous mass and no longer economically viable. One alternative to increasing diameter is instead to increase torque density. In a permanent magnet machine, this is best done by increasing the linear current density of the stator windings. However, greater linear current density results in more Joule heating, and the additional heat cannot be removed practically using a traditional air-cooling approach. Direct liquid cooling is more effective, and when applied directly to the stator windings, higher linear current densities can be sustained leading to substantial increases in torque density. The higher torque density, in turn, makes possible significant reductions in DD-PMSG size. Over the past five years, a multidisciplinary team of researchers has applied a holistic approach to explore the application of liquid cooling to permanent-magnet wind turbine generator design. The approach has considered wind energy markets and the economics of wind power, system reliability, electromagnetic behaviors and design, thermal design and performance, mechanical architecture and behaviors, and the performance modeling of installed wind turbines. This dissertation is based on seven publications that chronicle the work. The primary outcomes are the proposal of a novel generator architecture, a multidisciplinary set of analyses to predict the behaviors, and experimentation to demonstrate some of the key principles and validate the analyses. The proposed generator concept is a direct-drive, surface-magnet, synchronous generator with fractional-slot, duplex-helical, double-layer, non-overlapping windings formed from a copper conductor with a coaxial internal coolant conduit to accommodate liquid coolant flow. The novel liquid-cooling architecture is referred to as LC DD-PMSG. The first of the seven publications summarized in this dissertation discusses the technological and economic benefits and limitations of DD-PMSGs as applied to wind energy. The second publication addresses the long-term reliability of the proposed LC DD-PMSG design. Publication 3 examines the machine’s electromagnetic design, and Publication 4 introduces an optimization tool developed to quickly define basic machine parameters. The static and harmonic behaviors of the stator and rotor wheel structures are the subject of Publication 5. And finally, Publications 6 and 7 examine steady-state and transient thermal behaviors. There have been a number of ancillary concrete outcomes associated with the work including the following. X Intellectual Property (IP) for direct liquid cooling of stator windings via an embedded coaxial coolant conduit, IP for a lightweight wheel structure for lowspeed, high-torque electrical machinery, and IP for numerous other details of the LC DD-PMSG design X Analytical demonstrations of the equivalent reliability of the LC DD-PMSG; validated electromagnetic, thermal, structural, and dynamic prediction models; and an analytical demonstration of the superior partial load efficiency and annual energy output of an LC DD-PMSG design X A set of LC DD-PMSG design guidelines and an analytical tool to establish optimal geometries quickly and early on X Proposed 8 MW LC DD-PMSG concepts for both inner and outer rotor configurations Furthermore, three technologies introduced could be relevant across a broader spectrum of applications. 1) The cost optimization methodology developed as part of this work could be further improved to produce a simple tool to establish base geometries for various electromagnetic machine types. 2) The layered sheet-steel element construction technology used for the LC DD-PMSG stator and rotor wheel structures has potential for a wide range of applications. And finally, 3) the direct liquid-cooling technology could be beneficial in higher speed electromotive applications such as vehicular electric drives.