998 resultados para Löytönen, Markku: Koillisväylän löytäjä. Tutkimusmatkaaja Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld Jäämerellä


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Ylänimeke: Oikeudenaloja

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Virkaanastujaisesitelmä Oulun yliopistossa 1. kesäkuuta 2004

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Abstract

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Drug safety issues pose serious health threats to the population and constitute a major cause of mortality worldwide. Due to the prominent implications to both public health and the pharmaceutical industry, it is of great importance to unravel the molecular mechanisms by which an adverse drug reaction can be potentially elicited. These mechanisms can be investigated by placing the pharmaco-epidemiologically detected adverse drug reaction in an information-rich context and by exploiting all currently available biomedical knowledge to substantiate it. We present a computational framework for the biological annotation of potential adverse drug reactions. First, the proposed framework investigates previous evidences on the drug-event association in the context of biomedical literature (signal filtering). Then, it seeks to provide a biological explanation (signal substantiation) by exploring mechanistic connections that might explain why a drug produces a specific adverse reaction. The mechanistic connections include the activity of the drug, related compounds and drug metabolites on protein targets, the association of protein targets to clinical events, and the annotation of proteins (both protein targets and proteins associated with clinical events) to biological pathways. Hence, the workflows for signal filtering and substantiation integrate modules for literature and database mining, in silico drug-target profiling, and analyses based on gene-disease networks and biological pathways. Application examples of these workflows carried out on selected cases of drug safety signals are discussed. The methodology and workflows presented offer a novel approach to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying adverse drug reactions

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Desde 1980 hasta 2010, la población penitenciaria no dejó de crecer. Sin embargo, desde 2010 esta tasa se está reduciendo. En este trabajo se trata de buscar una serie de explicaciones para este aumento, y para la posterior reducción. Se pone especialatención en la entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica 5/2010, que supuso una extensa reforma del Código Penal. Con esta Ley Orgánica, se introdujo la posibilidad de reducir en un grado ciertas conductas contra la salud pública, en forma de subtipo atenuado.Esto puede haber supuesto un efecto considerable sobre la reducción de las tasas de encarcelamiento. Para estudiar el efecto de este nuevo subtipo, se realiza una pequeña investigación cuantitativa sobre una muestra de sentencias por delitos contra la saludpública. Después, se muestran los resultados y se proponen nuevas líneas de investigación.

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