Política exterior y negociación financiera internacional: la deuda externa y el Consenso de Cartagena

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América Latina: reestructuración económica ante el problema de la deuda externa y de las transferencias al exterior

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Repercusiones monetarias y reales de la apertura financiera al exterior: el caso chileno: 1975-1978

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La apertura al exterior de América Latina

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Comercio exterior y medio ambiente: experiencias en tres sectores exportadores chilenos

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Monetary and real repercussions of financial opening-up to the exterior: the case of Chile: 1975-1978

Includes bibliography

The opening up of Latin America to the exterior

Includes bibliography

La experiencia de Colombia en la medición de la emigración internacional, sobre la base de la pregunta sobre hijos emigrantes al exterior

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Plantas de cobertura e qualidade química de latossolo Amarelo sob plantio direto no cerrado Maranhense

Aiming to evaluate the effect of cover plants over soil chemical attributes in the region of Balsas - Maranhão, samples of Oxisol under plant cover of millet [Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke], brachiaria (Brachiaria ruziziensis) and native Cerrado (mid-sized), were collected in three depths (0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m). Plant cover of millet and brachiaria promoted an increase in soil pH and reductions in amounts of Al3+ and in saturation by Al3+, in relation to the area with native Cerrado. Major amounts of residue were verified on soil surface under native cerrado, due to greater input of plant residue and lower decomposition rate. Amounts of nutrients and levels of organic matter were higher in areas under millet and brachiaria cover, mainly in 0-0.10 e 0.10-0.20 m. depths. Brachiaria and millet cover plants were similar in relation to alterations promoted in chemical attributes of soil.

Exterior orientation of CBERS-2B imagery using multi-feature control and orbital data

The major contribution of this paper relates to the practical advantages of combining Ground Control Points (GCPs), Ground Control Lines (GCLs) and orbital data to estimate the exterior orientation parameters of images collected by CBERS-2B (China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite) HRC (High-resolution Camera) and CCD (High-resolution CCD Camera) sensors. Although the CBERS-2B is no longer operational, its images are still being used in Brazil, and the next generations of the CBERS satellite will have sensors with similar technical features, which motivates the study presented in this paper. The mathematical models that relate the object and image spaces are based on collinearity (for points) and coplanarity (for lines) conditions. These models were created in an in-house developed software package called TMS (Triangulation with Multiple Sensors) with multi-feature control (GCPs and GCLs). Experiments on a block of four CBERS-2B HRC images and on one CBERS-2B CCD image were performed using both models. It was observed that the combination of GCPs and GCLs provided better bundle block adjustment results than conventional bundle adjustment using only GCPs. The results also demonstrate the advantages of using primarily orbital data when the number of control entities is reduced. © 2013 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).

Acceso a las fuentes de información estadística sobre el comercio exterior de América Latina = Access to information sources on Latin American foreign trade statistics

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Comercio exterior y la política comercial de los países del Caribe de habla inglesa = Foreign trade and trade policy of the English-speaking Caribbean countries

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