Estudo da corrosão em ligas de alumínio utilizadas na indústria aeronáutica

A resistência e o mecanismo de corrosão das ligas de alumínio 2024, 7010, 7050 e 7475 foram estudados em solução de NaCl. Os efeitos do tratamento térmico nas ligas, concentração de oxigênio, pH, adição de oxi-ânions e temperatura do meio constituem algumas das variáveis estudadas. Primeiramente, procedeu-se à caracterização físicoquímica dos materiais através de análise química e metalográfica, mediante microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva. As ligas 2024, 7010, 7050 e 7475 como recebidas, recozidas e envelhecidas, revelaram a existência de partículas ternárias e quaternárias, constituídas por Al:Cu:Fe e Mg ou Zn. Também foi observado um maior número de partículas pequenas de composição variável situando-se, preferencialmente, nos contornos dos grãos. Os resultados dos ensaios de corrosão em meios aerados e desaerados indicam que o cromato é efetivo como inibidor da corrosão localizada em ambas ligas e que o molibdato somente na liga 7050. O efeito inibidor do tungstato se revela em meio desaerado e é comparativamente menor daquele observado com os outros oxi-ânions. As análises quantitativas de superfície das ligas após os ensaios de imersão indicam que ainda na presença de inibidor, se pites foram nucleados, eles crescem.

Estudo da viabilidade técnica, econômica e ambiental da substituição de um banco de resistências elétricas de aquecedores por uma caldeira alimentada por biomassa de paletes residuais na indústria de laminação

Given the increasing demand for fossil fuels to power the engines of the global economy, and also the slow process of synthesis of oil, it becomes necessary to develop new sources of renewable energy in addition to improve promising sources that already exist, turning them competitive. Based on this, biomass is shown very promising between the most popular energy sources due to its availability, applicability, and above all, the fact of not emitting green house gases when analyzing the whole carbon cycle. In this sense, this work presents, through an environmental, technical and economic analysis, the impact in an aluminum mill of replacing the use of electricity, in one process, by a boiler fueled with biomass from waste process of packaging the finished product with pallets. Thus, besides the reduction of CO2 emissions, financial gains are targeted, since the main goal of the corporations that require such power is to maximize its profits

Criação e implantação de procedimentos logísticos em uma indústria de móveis: estudo de caso

The Brazilian construction is with high production which resulted in many service industries and also for businesses that work in conjunction with it. For the furniture industries would not be different, since they are intimately involved with the construction. To meet the demand for furnishings in Brazil, some clusters of industries have developed in recent years, as in the case of Uba (MG), Arapongas (PR) and Bento Gonçalves (RS). For industries sector can always increase its production combining quality and customer satisfaction, is necessary for their production procedures are studied and improved every day. The aim of this research is to propose a solution for simple information system involving the issue of tracking parts of the furniture produced in an industry custom furniture that depend on outsourced services. The research occurred during four months of the year 2013 for the observation of the production of the industry, where possible observing interference could be carried out with the aim of obtaining improvements in the production line. It is concluded that control of the finished product in a custom furniture industry is a very complex work, because the information system must transmit information faithful, which has not happened formerly, but after the implementation of the identification system was significant improvement the transfer of information between sectors mounts internal and external furniture

Otimização do processo de MRP (Material Requirement Planning) de embalagens: uma aplicação da metodologia lean six sigma em uma indústria de agronegócios

There is a growing search for continuous improvement within the companies which creates an obligation of reducing and when it is possible eliminating waste. Production Planning and Control Department (PCP) is not out of this question, making necessary the application of methods and creation of tools that eliminate steps which do not add value to the planning process. This paper aims to develop a tool which concentrates in just one place all the necessary information to make the packaging material requirement planning (MRP) in a agribusiness company. Besides, it also aims, in a more visual way and using devices that prevent mistakes (Poka-Yoke), to reduce the number of reviews and mistakes made by analysts. As a result, an Excel spreadsheet was developed. This spreadsheet shows what happens with the status of planning and receiving of packaging, giving some advices when some critical situation happens. The use of Lean Manufacturing Method and the action research method helped to well define the problem and to reduce the number of steps, spreadsheets and time of process in 80%, 60% and 75%, respectively

Estudo comparativo entre MDF e MDP utilizados na indústria moveleira

Increasingly, the furniture market is competitive. The construction industry presents itself in growth, mainly due to the lines of existing incentives and tax credits established by the government, assisting the impulse to purchase real estate, building materials and furniture. Factors that promote and strengthen the sector's growth. With high demand from the furniture market, demand for higher quality and increasing technological advances, research is often undertaken in search of solutions for process improvement and product features, focusing on the production of materials less harmful to the environment, provision of raw press to lower cost, improve the production process and product development of cost-effective. This research focuses on the comparative study between two materials widely used in furniture manufacturing. MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) and MDP (Medium Density Particleboard). The subject provides the focus in furniture production, presenting and comparing data collected from three companies producing panels between physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials, also presenting some of the main factors of influence on the quality of the panels, their features and applications on mobile. The study shows the high potential of using the MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) in furniture designs, as well as MDF (Medium Density Particleboard), favoring the final terms of the project , resulting in better utilization of each material , avoiding waste and increase unnecessary cost . Currently, several projects are developed in MDP and MDF furniture, where there is no relevance to their characteristics regarding their limitations. Many of these furnishings are designed without a specific study of the best use and positioning of each material, with better utilization , favoring collateral design , especially furniture designed exclusively for each environment . The lack of technical ...

Estratégias ambientais na indústria automobilística: um estudo de caso na Wolkswagen de São Carlos-SP

This research has as main objective show how the auto industry has been dealing with the environmental factor, more specifically during the production process and the support areas, and how the environmental management system is implemented, the operation and maintenance. Presents a number of actions related to the theme that has been taking by the automakers, as well as a case of the Volkswagen do Brasil engine plant, in São Carlos - SP

Transição para um novo centro de distribuição logístico em uma indústria de confecção

In a highly competitive environment for manufacturers and retailers in the garment sector, flexible solutions for warehousing, distribution and exhibition of products directly influence the cost and responsiveness to market demands. This work refers to a Textile/Clothing, which undergoes a process of restructuring and growth, where we evaluated the need for professionalism in all its processes, so that the high demands were met in a sales perennial. Thus, this study aims to identify and analyze possible improvements in the process of transition from a logistics/manufacturing force in a Textile/Clothing in existence since 1998, located in São Paulo, a framework for a new logistics Center Distribution Logistics. The theoretical basis of the research literature addresses as Distribution Center and its basic functions, layout and performance indicators. As result it was mapped the current logistics processes, contributing directly to the development of the layout of the new Distribution Center. Have also been established KPI,s ( Key Performance Indicator) and Logistics Performance Indicators showing the actual process performance, helping professionals in make decisions

Aplicação do DMAIC em uma indústria farmacêutica

In an industry, being a big one or small one, the process improvement is always a focus for it to increase in the market. The improvement, if searched in a simple meaning, brings the unique meaning of change to better. However the meaning of process improvement can take much more than a superficial point of view. Kaizen, Process improvement, Continuous improvement, they are some denotations much more comprehensive of a such a term carried of so many meanings. A good concept of improvement if to search inside processes a more appropriate way, a more succinct, a more economic way to realize it. The idea is to make the process in a better way. In this graduation thesis, there will be presented a process improvement realized in a Vale do Paraíba company. For that, it was used the DMAIC to obtain, measure and control the process improvement. It should be noted that the goal is to present and discuss a process improvement

Eficiência energética em uma indústria madeireira

In wood processing industries, which use electrical equipment in the production process, in most cases these are badly scaled or operate under inadequate conditions, resulting directly in industrial energy efficiency, which proves important because besides having technological innovation, also with practices and policies, aims to decrease power consumption. So in a wiring project should take into account the variables that influence energy efficiency. Thus this work has been reviewed and subsequently calculated some of these variables, such as active power, power factor and demand for the entire industry (global) and also for specific equipment, the chipper. The network analysis was performed in a wood processing industry in the city of Taquarivaí - SP, and evaluated these variables with a network analyzer and also by analysis on energy bills, which were found in both analysis levels below those found in literature. These factors are due to poor design, improper use, storage of equipment or even by characteristic of the production process, ie, the equipment running on empty because of the volatility of production

Ampliação da capacidade da portaria de cargas de uma indústria através da implantação de um sistema de pesagem por eixo

Through a detailed study of each component, the structural part and various technologies for highway weighing scales, a project was developed in order to implement a modern system of axle weighing in a company pursuing to expand its cargo door capacity, which was restricted to weighing and inspection of the maximum load of each vehicle, and especially to extinguish the number of notifications that the company has been suffering, by having their transportation logistics vehicles caught traveling with poorly distributed load per axle, what it caused damage to roads and vehicles and denigrated the company image in terms of marketing. To achieve these results, the project went through a study of all relevant national legislation, seeking to put the company always in agreement. Moreover, it had investments and its physical space available for its implementation. The payback of such investments would be about less than three years

A internacionalização da indústria de software: uma avaliação das atividades desenvolvidas offshoring

A indústria de software se destaca por sua transversalidade em diversas cadeias produtivas. Também é de importante relevância para o desenvolvimento de um parque industrial consolidado, uma vez que, apresenta-se como peça chave no desenvolvimento das atividades ligadas a micro-eletrônica. Todavia, é um produto que possui características diferenciadas dos demais produtos manufaturados. Ou seja, é formado por uma seqüência de conhecimentos lógicos que delimitam quais são as funções que o produto irá desempenhar, tal formação concede um caráter de imaterialidade a este. O caráter imaterial e a dificuldade de mensurar o real valor agregado do software, devido a sua transversalidade, instigam a curiosidade para investigar os reais benefícios que o setor pode gerar para a estrutura produtiva de um determinado país. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar as grandes empresas de software e principalmente analisar os tipos de atividades que são desenvolvidas mundialmente por estas. Procura também analisar as atividades offshoring, isto é, aquelas que são realizadas por empresas multinacionais em outros países levando em conta a sua estratégia global. Busca também dar uma ênfase nas atividades realizadas no Brasil, com isto procura mapear o papel dos países em desenvolvimento nestas atividades. A metodologia será desenvolvida a partir de coleta do material bibliográfico, com dois propósitos distintos: entender os tipos de atividades do setor, dinâmica concorrencial, etapas do processo produtivo, evolução histórica e mercado; e também um estudo do processo de internacionalização, focando o fenômeno de offshoring e as estratégias competitivas das empresas do setor. O acompanhamento dos relatórios anuais das empresas da amostra e de notícias veiculadas em periódicos especializados levará a elaboração de “Dossiês Corporativos”... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Indústria automobilística brasileira entre os anos 90 e os 2000: uma análise acerca da estratégia de plataformas

Este trabalho faz um estudo comparativo sobre a estratégia de plataformas na indústria automobilística brasileira entre os anos 90 e 2000. Para tanto, definiu-se o conceito de plataformas na indústria automobilística, a intensificação dos estudos sobre sua eficiência ao longo do tempo e o impacto da reutilização e adaptação de plataformas na redução de custos. Os resultados do estudo colaboraram no entendimento dos projetos de desenvolvimento de produto na indústria automotiva nacional, colaborando para a comparação entre a evolução do cenário brasileiro com a de outros cenários como Reino Unido e os BRICs

A indústria cultural brasileira: crescimento e influências

Este presente trabalho relata primeiramente o nascimento e desenvolvimento da indústria cultural brasileira em seu sentido integral, priorizando seu lado econômico, que se deu basicamente em 1930 com tentativas não tão bem sucedidas, mas que em 1960, com ajuda do governo militar (por interesses claros), se destacou e cresceu grandemente. Da mesma forma, pretendeu abordar aspectos que envolvem o amadurecimento e a estabilização deste mercado de bens no Brasil, de forma a descrever a situação atual, do século XXI, das firmas e empresas que integram esta cadeia que acaba por representar a cultura brasileira, principalmente na análise da qualidade de cada mercado de bens culturais inseridos dentro deste ramo da economia brasileira. Assim sendo, devido à complexidade e a profundidade do tema, esta monografia atreveu-se também a expor situações e fatos que levem o leitor à reflexão das influências que esta indústria causa na própria cultura brasileira, sendo capaz de modificar todo um cenário social, político ou econômico

Cogeração em uma indústria automobilística

The search for energy efficiency improvement is a common concern in many companies. Cogeneration is a well known technique but not so spread in Brazil, despite its potential for energy costs reduction through heat recovery from prime movers. In this work, a preliminary technical and economic study is carried out for a cogeneration plant application in an automotive industry of São Paulo. Though mathematics modeling, three 2435 kW internal combustion engines are selected. When compared to the current status (no cogeneration), annual savings of about 2,2 MR$ are obtained, resulting a almost 3 years payback

A indústria farmacêutica nos países emergentes: um estudo comparativo sobre a trajetória de desenvolvimento do setor na Índia e no Brasil

Recentemente, alguns países fora da tríade têm assumido importante papel no cenário farmacêutico, como grandes produtores, entre eles destacam-se Índia e Brasil. O presente trabalho buscou avaliar a trajetória de desenvolvimento dos dois países, mostrando como as trajetórias são diferentes, e como essa diferença culminou na maior capacitação da indústria indiana, em relação a brasileira, embora quarenta anos atrás elas fossem extremamente semelhantes