Functional Characterization of Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid (MIA) Biosynthetic Genes in Catharanthus roseus

The monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) of Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) are known to be among the most important source of natural drugs used in various cancer chemotherapies. MIAs are derived by combining the iridoid secologanin with tryptamine to form the central precursor strictosidine that is then converted to most known MIAs, such as catharanthine and vindoline that dimerize to form anticancer vinblastine and vincristine. While their assembly is still poorly understood, the complex multistep pathways involved occur in several specialized cell types within leaves that are regulated by developmental and environmental cues. The organization of MIA pathways is also coupled to secretory mechanisms that allow the accumulation of catharanthine in the waxy leaf surface, separated from vindoline found within leaf cells. While the spatial separation of catharanthine and vindoline provides an explanation for the low levels of dimeric MIAs found in the plants, the secretion of catharanthine to the leaf surface is shown to be part of plant defense mechanisms against fungal infection and insect herbivores. The transcriptomic databases of Catharanthus roseus and various MIA producing plants are facilitating bioinformatic approaches to identify novel MIA biosynthetic genes. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is being used to screen these candidate genes for their involvement in iridoid biosynthesis pathway, especially in the identification of 7-deoxyloganic acid 7-hydroxylase (CrDL7H) shown by the accumulation of its substrate, 7-deoxyloganic acid and decreased level of secologanin along with catharanthine and vindoline. VIGS can also confirm the biochemical function of genes being identified, such as in the glucosylation of 7-deoxyloganetic acid by CrUGT8 shown by decreased level of secologanin and MIAs within silenced plants. Silencing of other iridoid biosynthetic genes, loganic acid O-methyltransferase (LAMT) and secologanin synthase (SLS) also confirm the metabolic route for iridoid biosynthesis in planta through 7-deoxyloganic acid, loganic acid, and loganin intermediates. This route is validated by high substrate specificity of CrUGT8 for 7-deoxyloganetic acid and CrDL7H for 7-deoxyloganic acid. Further localization studies of CrUGT8 and CrDL7H also show that these genes are preferentially expressed within Catharanthus leaves rather than in epidermal cells where the last two steps of secologanin biosynthesis occur.

Hidden Motives: An Analysis of Online ESL Teacher Hiring Practices in Japan and Hong Kong

Hidden Motives: An Analysis of Online English as a Second Language (ESL) Teacher Hiring Practices in Japan and Hong Kong is a qualitative research paper examines and compares two large-scale Asian English language teaching programs: Japan’s Japan Exchange and Teaching (JET) Programme (JET Programme, 2010) and Hong Kong’s Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme (NET Scheme, 2013). Both government sponsored programs recruit internationally and invite participants to work within each country’s public schools while living amongst local communities and both programs utilize their online presence to attract, inform, and recruit individuals. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether the JET and NET websites are transparent with their governmental motives aside from improving their students’ English language abilities. While JET and NET websites were interrogated, the research questions were regularly revisited to determine if the two sites made any underlying motives clear to the candidates. The research, supported by academic literature, exposed the JET Programme website to be a branch of the Japanese government’s soft power campaign, whereby JET teachers were hired firstly as potential advocates for Japan and Japanese culture rather than English teachers. Conversely, the NET Scheme appeared to be solely commissioned for English language improvement as reflected by their website. Findings from the research can provide insight to applicants to help them decide if they want to participant in these programs. Without clearly understanding the background that motivates these programs, participants may unknowingly be used to support the host government’s agendas.

The Hidden Truths of Self-Presentation, Self-Disclosure, and Deception on Online Dating Profiles: A Call for Change

The way in which individuals seek romantic partners has changed considerably in the past decades, most notably through online dating sites (ODSs). Despite the possibility of misrepresentation amongst client users, such sites continue to grow in popularity because ODSs provide a large pool from which individuals can select and attract potential partners. While much research has been undertaken on ODSs, little empirical research has examined postsecondary students’ use of ODSs. Therefore, this study sought to investigate why postsecondary students have become involved with and how they present themselves on ODSs. The researcher surveyed 20 postsecondary students and conducted in-depth interviews with 2 participants who use ODSs. Although the limited sample prevented results from being generalized, quantitative and qualitative analyses suggest that participants became involved with ODSs for various purposes, such as seeking long-term relationships and/or marriage partners, or simply exploring or visiting ODSs out of curiosity. Findings indicate that ODS users’ physical appearance and/or “attractiveness” is considered the strongest predictor of relationship success. The study discusses how participants’ self-presentation affects outcomes of ODS usage, particularly when negative self-identification and presentation corresponding to factors such as individuals’ weight and age are taken into account.

Estudio comparativo de promotores de genes del complejo hGH-hPL que se expresan en placenta.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL

Biología molecular del complejo multigénico hGH-hPL : Potencial transcripcional de sus genes en un sistema de transcripción in vitro.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL.

Determinación de la frecuencia de mutaciones en los genes katG Y

Tesis (Maestria en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL

Evaluación de la expresión de los genes endógenos hPLs y hGH-v en cultivo primario de placenta

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología) UANL

Obtención de nuevos genes de la hormona del crecimiento en vertebrados

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL

Participación de los genes blanco de p53: p21 y bax, en la muerte embrionaria causada por p53 en ratones carentes de mdm2

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Inmunobiología) UANL

Determinación de polimorfismos en factores de transcripción que afectan la expresión de genes del virus del papiloma humano

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL

Detección molecular de mutaciones de genes asociados al síndrome de deficiencia de la hormona del crecimiento humano

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL

Estudio de los genes relacionados a prolactina en el gato doméstico(Felis catus)

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL

Análisis de asociación de los genes receptor de rianodina (RYR-1) e insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) con caracteres productivos en una población porcina de tipo comercial en el estado de Nuevo León, México

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Veterinarias) U.A.N.L., 2006.

Actividad de genes ribosomales y asociación de cromosomas acrocentricos en la trisomia 21 y el aborto habitual

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas) U.A.N.L.

Efecto de factores en plasma y suero autólogos sobre la expresión de genes constitutivos y de regulación del virus de la leucosis bovina en células infectadas [por] Ma. Antonieta Lara Rodríguez

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) U.A.N.L.