Cen��rio e perspectivas para a melhoria do ensino p��blico no Brasil: m��dia, cultura e educa����o

Thinking about improving public education in Brazil means thinking not only on what we wish to develop, skills and abilities in individuals, but understand and clearly identify the type of citizens we are devoloping and what kind of society we want for the future. In this context it is important to note that the practice in the classroom today can not be considered without regard to education steeped in culture and, therefore, in the forms of modern communication. So if there is a crisis in education, it can not be solved only within the classroom. The challenge for school education is to show students within the classroom how they will be out of school. Quality education is a blueprint for the future, to the unknown, to a world we do not know now. In this sense, to direct the education only for the labor market is a mistake, because the market is so today, but may be another in ten or fifteen years. Precisely because we do not know what are the requirements for citizens of the future, we must focus on what is essential in the formation of our youth. Is essential then to understand the ideas, learn to discuss them, argue and learn to recognize the role of technology in social and cultural evolution of mankind.

A educa����o rural no M��xico como refer��ncia para o Brasil

In the 1940���s and 1950���s the Brazilian government implemented various policies towards the development of rural education adopting innovative orientations experienced in other iberoamerican countries. This article covers a study on the circulation and appropriation of education models seeking to apprehend the implications of the comparative operations by questioning the national processes in their interrelationship with much more ample phenomena of internationalization and globalization. The article uses as source of analysis the document entitled ���Rural Education in Mexico��� elaborated by Manoel Bergstrom Louren��o Filho, in 1951, and later published in a Brazilian Magazine of Pedagogical Studies, in 1952. The article discusses the narrative construction of this report and the comparing operations which Louren��o Filho has undertook presenting the Mexican education as a model.

As pol��ticas curriculares da educa����o profissional t��cnica de n��vel m��dio: desafios/correla����es do princ��pio de compet��ncia da Resolu����o CNE/CEB 4/99

This paper proposes some reflections from activities developped in the context of a research supported by FAPESP called ���As pol��ticas de educa����o profissional e tecnol��gica no Brasil p��s LDB 9394/96���. Our purpose is to analyze the federal legislation of professional and technological education, by enphasizing its impacts in technical schools of S��o Paulo (Brazil).

Avalia����o do perfil de risco de c��rie dent��ria em gestantes de Araraquara, Brasil

The knowledge of risk of carried during pregnant is essential for an appropriate treatment using educational and preventives actions to mother for a good care of their oral health and that of children. The main objective of present retrospective study was to identify the risk of caries of pregnants (aged 15-44, mean= 25 years) came to clinic of Preventive Odontology of Araraquara-UNSEP from 1999 to 2007, using 166 medical records obtained by the third pregraduate year students, following the pre-established guidelines. The information collected includes: classification of caries risk diagnosis, pregnancy trimester, carbohydrates ingestion (between or during foods), dental plaques (O'Leary's plaque control registry) and the number of teeth with caries. The statistical analysis used the Chi2 and ANOVA tests. Most of patients showed a 25 % or more of teeth surfaces with dental plaques (92.1 %) and carbohydrates consumption among foods (89.2 %). The mean (SD) of carried and restores teeth was of 7.9 (5.1) and 4.0 (3.4), respectively and the posterior teeth were the more involved by caries/restorations. As regards the diagnosis of caries risk, classification of high risk was observed in the 38.5 % of pregnants, moderate in the 47.6 %) and low in the 13.9 %. There was a statistically significant association (p= 0.001) between the carbohydrates consumption and the diagnosis of caries risk. The plaque's rate was similar in the different trimesters of pregnancy (f= 0.223; p= 0.803). The caries risk of most pregnant women was high or moderate and it was associated with the consumption of carbohydrates.

O olhar do professor e dos alunos do ensino m��dio sobre o curr��culo de educa����o f��sica do estado de S��o Paulo

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Perfil e avalia����o dos participantes de um curso de forma����o continuada em pr��ticas educacionais inclusivas na modalidade a dist��ncia

This article analyses aspects related to a continuing education course about Inclusive and Special Education in the area of Mental Disabilities offered to 20 (twenty) groups of teachers by the Ministry of Education. The Distance Course was offered in different regions of Brazil with a 180 (a hundred and eighty) hours workload. The research included the profi le of the participants, an evaluation of the course by the participants and the analysis of the dropout causes. The aspects of the course under evaluation received a positive evaluation by most of the participants. The most frequent reason for the dropout rates include participants��� limitations in terms of meeting deadlines, personal reasons and diffi culties in using computers. It was concluded that Distance Education seems to be a relevant tool for the acquisition of knowledge about inclusive practice.

Valoriza����o dos percursos negros no Brasil: perspectivas de educa����o nos territ��rios afro-rioclarenses

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Avalia����o: um desafio na educa����o f��sica escolar

With the wide variety of content to be worked out what really is expected of students in curricular physical education component? And as teachers conduct and evaluate this learning? These processes occur in the same way in public and private institutions? What is the relationship of the assessment with the students, with content and with the school? These were questions that motivated this research, which aims to conduct a desk review involving different schools, and interview their teachers, in order to identify possible relationships between teachers, students and educational institutions when referring to the assessment of physical education, between schools in different school systems (private, state and municipal), specifically from 6th to 9th grade. The survey was conducted in three different schools in the city Bauru/SP, being a private school, a school hall and a state school, and their physical education teachers. As a methodological reference was used qualitative research, and documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews were the techniques used for data collection. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed separately, and after the first analysis were separated into four categories that related to the study of literature review, interviews of teachers and the political projects of schools teaching (the documents that were analyzed). After the analysis performed it was revealed that the ways teachers surveyed perform their assessments contradicts the main problems and difficulties found in the literature. And regardless of the demands made by the educational institution that really influences the evaluation in physical education classes is the commitment and professional commitment to his students and his principles

Educa����o em sa��de para aten����o �� gestante: paralelo de experi��ncias entre Brasil e Portugal

Care practices have raised some questions concerning the attention given to women, specifically when it comes to issues of extreme importance in Public Health's approach of pre-natal care. The present study intends to discuss the scope and challenges of the integral care in maternal health, taking into consideration the experiences of one of the authors in the health scenarios from both Brazil and Portugal. A comparative analysis was conducted on the format of the pre-natal classes offered to groups of pregnant women, a frequent practice of Primary Care in both countries. The method of participant observation of two groups of pregnant women, one in each country was used. The organization of each group is presented and evaluated regarding its methodological and practical settings. The analysis of the experiences indicates that both groups can be considered as informative or educative, since the chosen methodology and structure was formed by lectures with predefined themes; there was reduced reflection and empowerment possibilities, due to the fragmented presentation form, and this could also mean diminished reflection on the changes of the feminine role. It is thus concluded that the need for offering care for women in different periods of their lives should include a continuous fight for an amplified and integral approach, with emphasis in the care network and in health promotion.

A educa����o f��sica no ENEM: an��lise dos conte��dos das quest��es de educa����o f��sica nas provas do ENEM de 2009-2012

A Educa����o F��sica sofreu tentativas de mudan��as desde surgimento at�� os dias de hoje, sobretudo no espa��o escolar. Podemos observar esse fen��meno desde o final da d��cada de 1980 onde surgiram in��meras publica����es de livros e artigos abordando tal tema, que iam contra uma Educa����o F��sica voltada para o militarismo e o tecnicista. Essas ideias atingiram o auge na d��cada de 1990 e ainda est��o fortemente presentes e marcadas por debates e defesas de ideias. Essas tentavam explicar o ser humano como um todo em seus diferentes aspectos - cognitivos, sociais, afetivos, motores e culturais, por meio do movimento, pois se sabe que a Educa����o F��sica �� a ��rea do conhecimento que estuda o se movimentar do ser humano e o di��logo que ele exerce com o mundo. Dessa forma esse trabalho busca analisar os conte��dos das quest��es do ENEM de 2009, 2010, 2011 e 2012 e identificar quais s��o as concep����es que aparecem nas quest��es, de modo a compreender o que o Exame acredita ser considerado importante para o aluno aprender na educa����o f��sica escolar. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa usaremos como material as quest��es da prova do ENEM de 2009 a 2012 e realizaremos uma an��lise do conte��do buscando assim descrever e interpretar o conte��do das quest��es selecionadas. Entende - se que a an��lise do conte��do baseia-se nas a����es de compara����o e de classifica����o textuais, ou seja, no entendimento de semelhan��as e diferen��as

Avalia����o da qualidade de vida dos funcion��rios administrativos ativos da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Rio Claro

A preocupa����o com a sa��de e bem-estar atinge uma maioria de indiv��duos, atualmente a busca por uma vida mais saud��vel faz parte do dia a dia de grande parte da popula����o. Para alcan��ar uma boa qualidade de vida diversos aspectos devem ser considerados. No ambiente de trabalho a qualidade de vida tem sido afetada em consequ��ncia da utiliza����o cada vez menor das potencialidades corporais dos indiv��duos. Em contrapartida, a atividade f��sica proporciona benef��cios �� sa��de dentro e fora do ambiente de trabalho. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi identificar a associa����o entre qualidade de vida no trabalho e sua rela����o com o n��vel de atividade f��sica dos funcion��rios administrativos da Unesp de Rio Claro - SP. A an��lise dessa associa����o pode auxiliar no enriquecimento de t��cnicas para interven����o e promo����o da sa��de, podendo aumentar a qualidade de vida no trabalho. Para a coleta dos aspectos psicossociais dos participantes foi aplicado um Question��rio de Avalia����o de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho em Institui����es de Ensino Superior em 136 funcion��rios administrativos (exceto docentes e trabalhadores de manuten����o). Esse question��rio avalia 7 dom��nios em 2 blocos: bloco 1 avalia����o de desempenho, bloco 2 avalia����o de frequ��ncia. Al��m disso, foi utilizado o question��rio de Baecke adaptado por Florindo et al. (2004), para acessar o n��vel de atividade f��sica. Medidas antropom��tricas foram coletadas para dados sobre a composi����o corporal dos participantes. Para coleta de dados sobre os aspectos socioecon��micos foi utilizado o question��rio Crit��rio de Classifica����o Econ��mica do Brasil proposto pela Associa����o Nacional de Empresas de Pesquisa (ANEP - 2003). Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria dos funcion��rios �� Moderadamente ativa (58,1%) e na maior parte dos dom��nios da qualidade de vida no trabalho associados com n��vel de atividade f��sica os resultados foram indesej��veis...

Sa��de bucal e educa����o infantil: avalia����o do desgaste e do acondicionamento de escovas dent��rias utilizadas por pr��-escolares

Introduction: Early childhood is an essential phase of life for the future of oral health. The link between educational and health sectors can facilitate incorporating educational and preventive oral health practices in daily teaching in pre-schools. The main measure is manual tooth-brushing, which is the most accessible method for most of the population. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate macroscopically the wear on the bristles, form of storage, and identification of tooth brushes. Material and method: 345 toothbrushes used by children between the ages of 2 and 5 were evaluated in 4 pre-schools, by 2 participants from the oral health program. The Rawls��et��al. index was used to evaluate the bristles. Result: There were statistically significant differences (p��=��0.020��-��Mann-Whitney U test) between the frequency of toothbrushes, with the highest being (n��=��205) stored at participating school; and, between adequate and inadequate brushes (p��<��0.05��-��X2 test) with 31.7 and 60%, respectively, classified as unfit for tooth-brushing. Of the toothbrush holders evaluated 100% were used collectively. Regarding identification, 18% of the toothbrushes were not identified in participating schools, and 37% in the others. Conclusion: The toothbrushes exhibited marked wear, and storage was inadequate; however, the��schools participating in the��oral health program��showed toothbrushes��with bristles��less��worn. It is suggested that training of educators regarding correct storage and evaluation of toothbrushes for wear of the bristles should be undertaken in all early childhood schools.

Preval��ncia de c��rie dent��ria em pr��-escolares de escolas de educa����o infantil de Ara��atuba, S��o Paulo

Epidemiological data on the conditions of oral health are essential for professionals in the health care plan, execute and evaluate dental programs. In Brazil, most oral health programs directs its resources to middle schools, leaving the preschool children in a secondary plan. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children from 4-6 years of age from schools of child education (EMEIs) of the city of Ara��atuba-SP. The study was conducted on a sample of 275 children of both genders, representative of the population of preschool children in the city of Ara��atuba-SP. In order to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries indices we used the dmft and DMFT indexes, according to the codes and standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).The average dmft of 1.88 was found, comprising 78% of decayed teeth, 21% of restaured teeth and 1% with indicated extraction teeth. Regarding the permanent dentition, the average DMFT was 0.08, consisting of 71% of decayed teeth, 29% restored and 0% of missing teeth. Based on results found, there was a high caries prevalence in deciduous and permanent teeth, demonstrating the need for more dental care to the group studied.