Cultura da representação de arquitetura: concursos de projeto, Brasil 2008-2011

This thesis deepens the issues pointed out in our master's dissertation (2009) and the following texts about architectural projects representation presented in architectural competitions. It aims to identify the representation culture of projects from architectural competitions. Were there common ways to argue among successful architects? Which were them? How extent the various arguments are consistent or what is the discursive coherent? Which interlocutors were privileged in argumentation, the requesting ones or those that evaluate the proposals? To answer these questions, we began from a correlation suggested by TOSTRUP (1999) among some drawings – plans, sections, façades, perspective, details or texts - and emphasized aspects in a project argumentation (place, zoning, environmental comfort, energy efficiency, etc.). On the top of this, we add functions that DURAND (2003) indicates relevant to architectural representations: conception, communication or seduction and execution. Other writers, such as COLLINS (1971), COLLYER (2004), MOON (2005), BANDEIRA (2007), and OXMAN (2008) in different ways, offered us subsidies to relate kinds of architectural representations with specific functions or strategies of persuasion. Thus, for 08 Brazilian competitions, occurred between 2008 – 2011, we analyzed the requests from the brief of the official announcement, the evaluations of the jurors, and the boards of the winning designs – graphical and textual representations. That allowed us to observe a representation culture predominantly based on perspectives and plans, even been articulated in different arguments. This may emphasize since objective aspects as building execution to appeals of mere visual seduction. In what regards to the audience, even when the official announcement resembled to one another, the winners’ argumentation were different, suggesting a possible jury’s privilege as an interlocutor.

Permanent open water surfaces in central Siberia from ENVISAT ASAR wide swath data 2003/2004, link to shapefile

Permanent water bodies not only store dissolved CO2 but are essential for the maintenance of wetlands in their proximity. From the viewpoint of greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting wetland functions comprise sequestration of carbon under anaerobic conditions and methane release. The investigated area in central Siberia covers boreal and sub-arctic environments. Small inundated basins are abundant on the sub-arctic Taymir lowlands but also in parts of severe boreal climate where permafrost ice content is high and feature important freshwater ecosystems. Satellite radar imagery (ENVISAT ScanSAR), acquired in summer 2003 and 2004, has been used to derive open water surfaces with 150 m resolution, covering an area of approximately 3 Mkm**2. The open water surface maps were derived using a simple threshold-based classification method. The results were assessed with Russian forest inventory data, which includes detailed information about water bodies. The resulting classification has been further used to estimate the extent of tundra wetlands and to determine their importance for methane emissions. Tundra wetlands cover 7% (400,000 km**2) of the study region and methane emissions from hydromorphic soils are estimated to be 45,000 t/d for the Taymir peninsula.

Strontium isotope analysis of seawater and at a mixture of planktic foraminifera during the Paleocene and Early Eocene from different holes of ODP Leg 2008

We refined the strontium isotope seawater curve for the Paleocene and early Eocene by analysis of samples recovered from the Walvis Ridge during Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) Leg 208. The highest 87Sr/86Sr values occurred in the earliest Paleocene at 65 Ma and generally decreased throughout the Paleocene, reaching minimum values between 53 and 51 Ma in the early Eocene before beginning to increase again at 50 Ma. A plausible explanation for the 87Sr/86Sr decrease between 65 and 51 Ma is increased rates of hydrothermal activity and/or the eruption and weathering of large igneous provinces (e.g., Deccan Traps and North Atlantic). Strontium isotope variations closely parallel sea level and benthic d18O changes during the late Paleocene and early Eocene, supporting previous studies linking tectonic reorganization and increased volcanism to high sea level, high CO2, and warm global temperatures.

Abundance, biomass and secondary production of benthic megafauna on the Barents Sea shelf in 2008 and 2009

Megabenthos plays a major role in the overall energy flow on Arctic shelves, but information on megabenthic secondary production on large spatial scales is scarce. Here, we estimated for the first time megabenthic secondary production for the entire Barents Sea shelf by applying a species-based empirical model to an extensive dataset from the joint Norwegian? Russian ecosystem survey. Spatial patterns and relationships were analyzed within a GIS. The environmental drivers behind the observed production pattern were identified by applying an ordinary least squares regression model. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was used to examine the varying relationship of secondary production and the environment on a shelfwide scale. Significantly higher megabenthic secondary production was found in the northeastern, seasonally ice-covered regions of the Barents Sea than in the permanently ice-free southwest. The environmental parameters that significantly relate to the observed pattern are bottom temperature and salinity, sea ice cover, new primary production, trawling pressure, and bottom current speed. The GWR proved to be a versatile tool for analyzing the regionally varying relationships of benthic secondary production and its environmental drivers (R² = 0.73). The observed pattern indicates tight pelagic? benthic coupling in the realm of the productive marginal ice zone. Ongoing decrease of winter sea ice extent and the associated poleward movement of the seasonal ice edge point towards a distinct decline of benthic secondary production in the northeastern Barents Sea in the future.

Abundance of tintinnids in waters of the Argentine Shelf and the Drake Passage 2002-2003

The relationship between the abundance and diversity of tintinnids and the concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl a) was contrasted between neritic and oceanic waters of the SW Atlantic during autumn and summer. Chl a and tintinnid abundance and biomass reached maximum values (17.53 µg/L, 2.76 x 10**3 ind./L and 6.29 µg C/L, respectively) in shelf waters during summer, and their mean values generally differed by one order of magnitude between environments. Peaks in species richness (13) and Shannon diversity index (2.12) were found in the shelf-ocean boundary, but both variables showed nonsignificant differences between areas. Species richness correlated significantly with both Chl a and abundance. Such relationships, which followed a negative linear or quadratic function in the shelf and a positive linear function in oceanic waters, are thought to reflect either the competitive dominance of one species or a relatively wide spectrum of tintinnid size-classes, respectively.

Facultad por Facultad. Origen familiar y empleo de los licenciados en CCSS y Humanidades de la UCM en el año 2003

Muchos estudios encuentran un efecto del origen social sobre la ocupación y el salario incluso tras controlar la educación. Este efecto, que suele ser pequeño, puede ser un artificio resultante del deficiente control de la educación. Este trabajo examina la importancia de controlar en detalle la educación desagregando las carreras universitarias. Estudiamos el clasismo del mercado de trabajo para una promoción de titulados en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) en los seis años entre su graduación en 1997 y 2003. Esta es la fecha de la encuesta gracias a la cual podemos medir la influencia del status social de los padres sobre las oportunidades de empleo de los hijos no con título universitario en general, sino con el mismo título universitario. Encontramos que la influencia del origen social sobre la clase profesional y los ingresos disminuye mucho cuando se controlan las titulaciones, y que no se observa en la mayor parte de ellas, pero sí en algunas, en concreto Políticas y Sociología y Económicas. Esta concreción allana el camino para investigar las vías por las que esta influencia se produce.

O Modelo de gestão participativa do Plano Nacional do Turismo (PNT-2003/2007): a atuação do CONETUR/RN

To implement policies and plans at the tourist sector involve disposition to the establishment of parceries among government and private initiative, space to the action of studious, researchers and professionals of several areas of knowledge and formation, able of to give new courses no only at the tourism, but to the economy how a every, seen which the tourism had a effect multiplicator, reaching 52 sectors of the economy. At this sense, the Brazil came pruning for a new phase of politic actuation at the touristy activity. Until the year 2002, the tourism politic in the Brazil no had detail, because herself treated of isolated actions and many without continuity. However, at to start 2003, several actions were developed in order to contribute for the national touristy planning. The principal was the creation of Ministério do Turismo, accompanied of the formulation and implementation of the Plano Nacional do Turismo (2003/2007). This work pretend to understand the implementation at the Rio Grande do Norte of the model of participative administration extolled by Plano Nacional do Turismo. The your centre detail the action of the Conselho Estadual de Turismo do Rio Grande do Norte (CONETUR), to promote the participation at the tourism public policies. The bibliographical research contemplated diverse sources in order to compile knowledge of credential authors in the quarrel of inherent subjects to the participation and to the tourism public policies, especially at the Brazil. A qualitative perspective the case study was adapted as research method and for attainment of the data interviews with the members of the Conselho had been carried through beyond consultation the referring documents the dynamics of functioning of the Conselho. The principal actuations of the CONETUR, the directives tourism public policies already made and directed to implementation, the type of participation at made decision, the principal difficulties of the implementation of the participative administration model of the Plano Nacional do Turismo and the degree of participation of the members of the Conselho at the reunions had been identified. The results had shown that exist some difficulties at the implementation of the participation at the Conselho Estadual de Turismo do Rio Grande do Norte, knowledge of the Conselheiros of CONETUR function, the presence of bodies which doesn t directly connected at the touristy activity; the absence of time of the Conselheiros to be presents at reunions; the discontinuity of the presidency of the Conselho; among others. So, the CONETUR show himself how a Conselho with participative characteristics, but with some adapted needs.

Europejskie kampanie wyborcze w Polsce (2003 – 2004). Analiza politologiczna i medioznawcza

Lata 2003–2004 to okres zamykający etap przygotowawczy do przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej, w szczególności w zakresie dostosowywania polskich rozwiązań prawnych i instytucjonalnych do standardów unijnych. Dwa wydarzenia z tego czasu: referendum akcesyjne i pierwsze w Polsce wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego stanowiły przy tym swoiste podsumowanie wieloletniej debaty publicznej nad kierunkami polskiej polityki zagranicznej oraz miejscem i rolą naszego kraju w ukształtowanych na początku lat 90. nowych warunkach geopolitycznych.

Uma análise da política econômica a partir do desempenho da indústria automotiva brasileira no cenário econômico de 2003-2014

Entre 2003 e 2008, o Brasil apresentou um positivo desempenho econômico em meio a um cenário externo favorável, entretanto a partir da crise de 2008, o governo brasileiro passou a adotar medidas anticíclicas a fim de minimizar os efeitos externos da crise. Essas medidas objetivaram o incentivo da demanda agregada, o que realmente sofreu um efeito positivo de curto prazo, entretanto essas políticas, além de apresentar uma natureza limitada, podem levar a cenários futuros indesejados para o desenvolvimento econômico, como o aumento da inadimplência e taxa elevadas de inflação. Somado a isso, as medidas de incentivos de inovação e de desenvolvimento tecnológico foram interrompidas pela crise ou não implementadas de forma efetiva. Diante disto, a monografia se propõe a analisar os efeitos dessas políticas de incentivo à demanda adotada no período a partir de uma análise da indústria automotiva brasileira, uma das indústrias mais poderosas e receptoras de incentivos governamentais, já que apresenta um caráter dinâmico e movimenta um grande número de indústrias de base. Logo, para que a indústria automotiva cresça e se desenvolva de forma sustentável, bem como os outros setores, o incentivo não deve ser de cunho setorial, por tanto, temporário, deve ser de natureza permanente e abrangente. Além disso, um incentivo da demanda terá resultados positivos com os incentivos tecnológicos, inovadores e de qualificação do capital humano para uma crescente exportação, levando a saldos positivos da balança comercial e, consequentemente, maiores investimentos a partir de uma indústria mais competitiva.

Frecuencia y factores de riesgo de cáncer de próstata, servicio de urología, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2003-2007

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en 105 pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata, en el serivicio de urología del H. José Carrasco Arteaga en los años 2003-2007. Se utilizó para la recolección de datos el cuestionario. Se encontró que la edad de la mayoría de los pacientes, oscila entre 70 a 79 años: 35.2promedio de 73 años y desvio estándar de 11,12, la raza mestiza predomina con un 99y el nivel de instrucción primaria es de 66.7. Pocos de ellos tienen antecedentes familiares de cáncer de próstata, tan solo un 4.8, tampoco se han expuesto a químicos 80, aunque cierto número ha estado en contacto con pesticidas 13.3, pinturas 4.8y lubricantes 1.9, la mayoría no realiza ejercicio físico 99, y el 97.1consumen una dieta hidrocarbonada

BIBLIOGRAFIA ESPECIALIZADA DEL CANTÓN CENTRAL DE LA PROVINCIA DE HEREDIA, COSTA RICA, 1824-2003

Las bibliografías han formado parte del quehacer de personas interesadas en rescatar el patrimonio documental del país, las cuales se realizaron con el fin de hacer un inventario de la producción impresa del país.Con el crecimiento de la producción documental la bibliografía toma una nueva concepción, se dejan de elaborar bibliografías universales dada la dificultad de abarcar todo lo publicado en el mundo para dar paso a las bibliografías nacionales y las especializadas.La bibliografía especializada facilita el trabajo intelectual, orienta al usuario entre las enormes cantidades de información, además, le permite identificar información más pertinente, obteniendo como producto final la generación de más conocimiento.Esta investigación consistió en realizar una bibliografía especializada del Cantón Central de Heredia, se tomaron en cuenta organismos locales y nacionales

O Modelo de gestão participativa do Plano Nacional do Turismo (PNT-2003/2007): a atuação do CONETUR/RN

To implement policies and plans at the tourist sector involve disposition to the establishment of parceries among government and private initiative, space to the action of studious, researchers and professionals of several areas of knowledge and formation, able of to give new courses no only at the tourism, but to the economy how a every, seen which the tourism had a effect multiplicator, reaching 52 sectors of the economy. At this sense, the Brazil came pruning for a new phase of politic actuation at the touristy activity. Until the year 2002, the tourism politic in the Brazil no had detail, because herself treated of isolated actions and many without continuity. However, at to start 2003, several actions were developed in order to contribute for the national touristy planning. The principal was the creation of Ministério do Turismo, accompanied of the formulation and implementation of the Plano Nacional do Turismo (2003/2007). This work pretend to understand the implementation at the Rio Grande do Norte of the model of participative administration extolled by Plano Nacional do Turismo. The your centre detail the action of the Conselho Estadual de Turismo do Rio Grande do Norte (CONETUR), to promote the participation at the tourism public policies. The bibliographical research contemplated diverse sources in order to compile knowledge of credential authors in the quarrel of inherent subjects to the participation and to the tourism public policies, especially at the Brazil. A qualitative perspective the case study was adapted as research method and for attainment of the data interviews with the members of the Conselho had been carried through beyond consultation the referring documents the dynamics of functioning of the Conselho. The principal actuations of the CONETUR, the directives tourism public policies already made and directed to implementation, the type of participation at made decision, the principal difficulties of the implementation of the participative administration model of the Plano Nacional do Turismo and the degree of participation of the members of the Conselho at the reunions had been identified. The results had shown that exist some difficulties at the implementation of the participation at the Conselho Estadual de Turismo do Rio Grande do Norte, knowledge of the Conselheiros of CONETUR function, the presence of bodies which doesn t directly connected at the touristy activity; the absence of time of the Conselheiros to be presents at reunions; the discontinuity of the presidency of the Conselho; among others. So, the CONETUR show himself how a Conselho with participative characteristics, but with some adapted needs.

Resolución 240 del 24 de noviembre de 2008: ¿Cuáles son los presupuestos necesarios para que sea procedente la inscripción de una medida cautelar sobre un establecimiento de comercio?

Servicios registrales

Análisis de mujeres cachemires como sujetos subalternos en la representación institucional de India y Paquistán a partir del fenómeno de desaparición forzada (1989-2008)

El interés de esta monografía es analizar las consecuencias de la representación institucional de India y Paquistán en la disputa territorial por Cachemira durante el periodo de 1989 a 2008. Puntualmente, se analiza y explica cómo la representación institucional prestada individualmente por India y Paquistán validó sus intereses como agentes de poder en la región, pasó por alto las necesidades de la población cachemir y fomentó la práctica de la desaparición forzada, lo que en consecuencia convirtió a las mujeres cachemires en un grupo subalterno. Para tal objetivo, se hará uso de la teoría postcolonialista, específicamente el enfoque subalternista de la autora Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak ya que permite explicar adecuadamente el proceso mediante el cual las mujeres cachemires se convirtieron en un grupo subalterno.

Impedimentos en la aplicación efectiva de la Ley de Justicia y Paz en materia de DDR y justicia transicional. Estudio de caso: el surgimiento de las Bacrim en Antioquia (2006-2008)

El objetivo de este estudio de caso es demostrar en que medida la incapacidad del Estado influyó en el surgimiento de las Bacrim en el departamento de Antioquia. Para tal fin, se aborda la problemática desde una perspectiva tanto explicativa como analítica, dado que pretende examinar la relación causal entre el fenómeno armado en Antioquia y las causas que llevaron a su surgimiento mediante la aplicación de la Ley de Justicia y Paz, teniendo como punto de partida la incapacidad estatal en tres niveles: en infraestructura económica para el proceso de Desarme, Desmovilización y Reintegración con las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia, en administración de justicia para el proceso de justicia transicional y para recuperar el monopolio legítimo de la violencia.