Institucionalização da Gestão Escolar no Brasil: em foco as primeiras décadas do século XX (1911-1950)

This work aims to investigate the institutionalization of management processes in the legislation of the Brazilian education. For this study was considered the first decades of the twentieth century (1911-1950). The laws of Brazil in the early Republic were derived from tradition or forged by the great legislators. In turn, the tradition is inserted in the power of social organization that is preserved, in a more forceful manner, through the norms and rules. With this assumption, the study chose the Rivadávia and Carlos Maximiliano Reforms, both of the beginning of the century, and the Organic Laws of Teaching, granted by the government in this period, to understand how legislation institutionalized the role of the director in basic education in this context history. The reflections presented introduce historical elements that demonstrate actions and relationships that remain in the form of habits in the school managements. These institutionalized elements contribute to the debate about the political and pedagogical difficulties pointed out by scholars and professionals, related to the promotion of democratic management in the public school.

O cruzeiro: acontecimento e rotina como forma de vida da mulher nos anos 1950

Magazines such as O Cruzeiro are part of the Brazilian collection. In its pages, the female presence is constant. From the concepts of Greimas’ way of life and happening and routine from Zilberberg, we analyse a photoreport which highlights the actress Ilka Soares, comparing her to texts of the session “To the woman”. The analysis of such texts lets us verify the behaviour of a distinguished professional which is different from the traditional model of the housewife of the fifties. Reconstitute the ways of life of these women is to make up for the memory of the country

As representações do intelectual na correspondência entre Jorge de Sena e Vergílio Ferreira ― (1950‐1975)

The purpose of this article is to discuss the representations of intellectual in the epistolary production of Jorge de Sena (1919‐1978), more specifically in correspondence with Virgil Ferreira (1916‐1997), which occurred between the years 1950 to 1975. Some topics, such as the condition of intellectual dictatorship, the position of the writer and his relations with the aesthetics of Neo‐Realism and the condition of exile, are important topics that make up most of the concerns of both writers.

Chemopreventive effects of mate against mouse mammary and colon carcinogenesis

The present study evaluated the chemopreventive potential of mate tea-like intake on mammary and colon carcinogenesis initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)antracene (DMBA) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in female Swiss mice. After the initiation period, the animals received basal diet and organic mate tea-like, conventional mate tea-like, or green tea (positive control) at 2.0% as the drinking fluid during 15 weeks. At week 20, colon and mammary gland were analyzed for preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions development. Colon and mammary gland complexes were processed for cell proliferation analysis, estimated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index (PCNA-LI%). Specially, organic mate tea-like reduced the values of PCNA-LI% in colonic crypts (p < .003) and in mammary glands (p < .05) in DMBA/DMH-initiated groups. A lower incidence of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in colon (p = .03) and of hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions in mammary gland (p < .05 and p < .02, respectively) was observed in DMBA/DMH-initiated groups treated with organic mate tea-like. These results suggest that post-initiation treatment with organic mate tea-like inhibited the development of colon and mammary carcinogenesis in a two-step medium-term mouse carcinogenesis model.

Peritoneal reactivity evaluation in horses subjected to experimental small colon enterotomy and treated with subcutaneous heparin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Metformin and soybean-derived bioactive molecules attenuate the expansion of stem cell-like epithelial subpopulation and confer apoptotic sensitivity in human colon cancer cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease whose genesis may include metabolic dysregulation. Cancer stem cells are attractive targets for therapeutic interventions since their aberrant expansion may underlie tumor initiation, progression, and recurrence. To investigate the actions of metabolic regulators on cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC) in CRC, we determined the effects of soybean-derived bioactive molecules and the anti-diabetes drug metformin (MET), alone and together, on the growth, survival, and frequency of CSC in human HCT116 cells. Effects of MET (60 μM) and soybean components genistein (Gen, 2 μM), lunasin (Lun, 2 μM), β-conglycinin (β-con, 3 μM), and glycinin (Gly, 3 μM) on HCT116 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mRNA/protein expression and on the frequency of the CSC CD133(+)CD44(+) subpopulation by colonosphere assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting/flow cytometry were evaluated. MET, Gen, and Lun, individually and together, inhibited HCT116 viability and colonosphere formation and, conversely, enhanced HCT116 apoptosis. Reductions in frequency of the CSC CD133(+)CD44(+) subpopulation with MET, Gen, and Lun were found to be associated with increased PTEN and reduced FASN expression. In cells under a hyperinsulinemic state mimicking metabolic dysregulation and without and with added PTEN-specific inhibitor SF1670, colonosphere formation and frequency of the CD133(+)CD44(+) subpopulation were decreased by MET, Lun and Gen, alone and when combined. Moreover, MET + Lun + Gen co-treatment increased the pro-apoptotic and CD133(+)CD44(+)-inhibitory efficacy of 5-fluorouracil under hyperinsulinemic conditions. Results identify molecular networks shared by MET and bioavailable soy food components, which potentially may be harnessed to increase drug efficacy in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with CRC.

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1014 reduce the early phases of colon carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats

The modifying effects of aqueous yacon extract (AYE) and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1014 against colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats were investigated. Animals were allocated into five groups: G1: untreated group; G2: DMH-treated group; G3: DMH + L. acidophilus-treated group; G4: DMH + AYE-treated group; G5: DMH + L. acidophilus and AYE-treated group. A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in leukocyte DNA damage and in colonic cell proliferation was observed after the first DMH administration in G3 (probiotic), G4 (prebiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups. In this moment, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in colonic apoptosis was also observed in G3 (probiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups. In special, at five months after DMH administrations, a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in ACF development was observed in G3 (probiotic), G4 (prebiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups. Incidence of colon tumors was lower at five months in G4 (prebiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups but not in eight months after DMH administrations. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the oral treatments have potential effects as a chemopreventive agent against colon carcinogenesis on an early stage of tumor development.

Glauber Rocha e a dimensão do confronto de ideias na cena midiática: estudo das estratégias do jovem crítico de cinema no Jornal da Bahia no final dos anos 1950

In late 1950, the young Glauber Rocha, still without having directed any of his films, becomes the main cultural critic of the Jornal da Bahia in Salvador, Bahia. His film critic activity falls within the symbolic local disputes and his texts published become an active voice in the cultural field of Bahia. With a considerable apparatus of the press in his favor, the performance of the young critic Glauber Rocha allows to discuss: the role of public intellectual and media production and dissemination of ideas by the newspapers at the turn of the 1950s to the 1960s, a time of intense political, social and cultural changes in Brazil.

A fotografia amadora e fotoclubista no Brasil e no México: trajetórias e conexões latino-americanas (1940-1950)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Por dentro da história: mulheres operosas no mundo do comércio em Parnaíba (1930 a 1950)

Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS

Copa do mundo de futebol de 1950: critérios de noticiabilidade e análise de conteúdo da cobertura realizada pelo jornalismo de revista brasileiro

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

Ziembinski, o encenador dos tempos modernos: a construção de uma trajetória na crítica de Décio de Almeida Prado (1950-1959)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

William Douglas Beer - Accession 290 - M123 (156)

The William Douglas Beer Journals collection consists of photocopied journals which are accounts of Mr. Beer’s preparation for and participation in World War I. The journal gives an account of the hardships of war and its effects on American soldiers. Willie Beer was born in Columbia, Missouri on September 20, 1891 and died on February 4, 1950.

Synaptolaemus latofasciatus, a new combination for Leporinus latofasciatus Steindachner, 1910 and its junior synonym Synaptolaemus cingulatus Myers and Fernandez-Yepez, 1950 (Characiformes: Anostomidae)

Leporinus latofasciatus was described by Steindachner (1910) on the basis of a single specimen collected in the rio Orinoco, Venezuela. Since then, no other specimen of the species was mentioned in the literature, and the species was only listed in catalogues, eventually mentioned and treated as a ""poorly known"" species, or even omitted in checklists of fishes from Venezuela. During a visit to the fish collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum at Vienna (NMW) to examine all the type specimens of Leporinus, we were able to study the holotype of Leporinus latofasciatus and recognize that the specimen corresponds to the species described by Myers and Fernandez-Yepez (in Myers, 1950) as Synaptolaemus cingulatus. Thus, the latter is a junior synonym of Leporinus latofasciatus and, based on that, Synaptolaemus latofasciatus (Steindachner, 1910) should be the name applied for this taxon, as a new combination. Herein new data on the holotype of Synaptolaemus latofasciatus are presented and compared with previously data from other authors. In addition, illustrations of live specimens are presented as well as new distribution records for the species.

Antiproliferative Effects of Fluoxetine on Colon Cancer Cells and in a Colonic Carcinogen Mouse Model

The antidepressant fluoxetine has been under discussion because of its potential influence on cancer risk. It was found to inhibit the development of carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in colon tissue, but the mechanisms of action are not well understood. Therefore, we investigated anti-proliferative effects, and used HT29 colon tumor cells in vitro, as well as C57BL/6 mice exposed to intra-rectal treatment with the carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) as models. Fluoxetine increased the percentage of HT29 cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase of cell-cycle, and the expression of p27 protein. This was not related to an induction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species or DNA damage. In vivo, fluoxetine reduced the development of MNNG-induced dysplasia and vascularization-related dysplasia in colon tissue, which was analyzed by histopathological techniques. An anti-proliferative potential of fluoxetine was observed in epithelial and stromal areas. It was accompanied by a reduction of VEGF expression and of the number of cells with angiogenic potential, such as CD133, CD34, and CD31-positive cell clusters. Taken together, our findings suggest that fluoxetine treatment targets steps of early colon carcinogenesis. This confirms its protective potential, explaining at least partially the lower colon cancer risk under antidepressant therapy.