ECLAC Notes Nº 16

Foreign Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2000 New Dilemmas Join the Old in Agricultural Development Opinion: Rethinking the Development Agenda Highlights: The Region's Precarious International Competitiveness Indicators Opportunities and Challenges for Youth in Latin America and the Caribbean Recent titles and calendar of activities

ECLAC Notes Nº 58

Special edition dedicated to the Thirty-second session of ECLAC (Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic,9-13 June 2008): Structural Change and Productivity Growth, 20 Years Later. Old problems, new opportunities ECLAC Presents Report on Financing for Development Op-ed by ECLAC's Executive Secretary, José Luis Machinea. New Opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean Highlights. Public-private Alliances for Export DevelopmentIndicatorsOp-ed by ECLAC's Executive Secretary, José Luis Machinea. Latin America and theCaribbean in the New International Context Recent titles Calendar of events

ECLAC Notes Nº 17

International Financial System's Reform Agenda Must Be Broadened Women's Employment More Vulnerable than Men's Economic Prospects for 2001. Op-ed of ECLAC's Executive Secretary, José Antonio Ocampo Highlights: The Pros and Cons of the FTAA Indicators Innovate, Innovate, Innovate Recent titles and calendar of activities

ECLAC Notes Nº 43

The Number of Poor People in Latin America Has Fallen by 13 Million Since 2003 First Round of "Experiences in Social Innovation" Competition Successfully Concludes Op-ed by ECLAC's Executive Secretary, José Luis Machinea. The Information Society in Latin America and the Caribbean: Progress and Challenges Highlights. Polluting Energy Consumption Pattern in Latin America and the Caribbean Cause for Concern Indicators The Information Society Offers the Chance to Grow with Equity and Social Inclusion Recent Titles Calendar of Events

ECLAC Notes Nº 27

Road Maps Towards an Information Society Latin America and the Caribbean in the World Economy 2001-2002 Op-ed by José Antonio Ocampo, ECLAC's Executive Secretary: Our Digital Opportunity Highlights. International Transportation and Integration: Challenges Pending Indicators Study Emphasizes the Importance of Redistributing Income to Reduce Poverty in Latin America Recent Titles Calendar of events

ECLAC Notes Nº 35

Productive development in open economies OPINION by José Luis Machinea Regional integration will improve international participation Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean have "three speed" economies Public-private alliance proposed to improve regional infrastructure Latin America and the Caribbean are behind in research and development New social cohesion covenant for the region Industrial legacy key to Puerto Rico's economic development Statistical Appendix Recent Titles Calendar

ECLAC Notes Nº 22

Special IssueECLAC Notes Nr. 22 is completely devoted to the document Globalizationand Development, presented by ECLAC in its Twenty-ninthsession. Globalization and Development Op-ed by José Antonio Ocampo, ECLAC's Executive Secretary Social Vulnerability A Positive Agenda International Migration Is Excluded from Globalization National and Regional Strategies The Widening Digital Divide Trade and Investment:Two Critical Aspects of Globalization Statistical Appendix Index of Recent Titles and Calendar of Events

ECLAC Notes Nº 26

Special Issue: Preliminay Overview of the Economies of Latin America and theCaribbean, 2002 Regional Outlook Op-ed by José Antonio Ocampo, ECLAC's Executive Secretary. The Latin American Economy: A Change in Direction? The External Sector Proposals for Restructuring Foreign Debt Macroeconomic Policy Domestic Performance Statistical Appendix Recent Titles Calendar of Events

ECLAC Notes Nº 19

Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development Reforms to Health Care Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean Op-ed: To Govern in Hard Times (Manuel Marfán, ECLAC economist) Highlights: The Future of Resource Training Indicators. Latin America and the Caribbean: Main Export Prices Chilean Wine Attracts Foreign Investors Recent titles and calendar of events

ECLAC Notes Nº 14

Regional panorama Opinion External Sector Dollarization in Ecuador Macroeconomic policy Countries resume economic reforms Domestic economic performance Statistical Appendix Recent Titles Calendar

ECLAC Notes Nº 23

Foreign Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean Falls Coffee Crisis Hurts the Region's Economies Op-ed by ECLAC's Executive Secretary, José Antonio Ocampo: Challenges for Small Economies in the Global Age Highlights: Policies for PYMEs Indicators Window on Asia Recent titles and calendar of events

Report of the thirty-fifth session. Lima, 5-9 May 2014

Attendance and organization of work .-- Agenda .-- Summary of proceedings .-- Resolutions adopted at the Thirty-Fifth Session of the Commission: 676(XXXV) ECLAC calendar of conferences for the period 2015-2016 .-- 677(XXXV) Regional Conference on Women in Latin America and the Caribbean .-- 678(XXXV) Statistical Conference of the Americas of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean .-- 679(XXXV) Support for the work of the Latin American and Caribbean Institute for Economic and Social Planning .-- 680(XXXV) Caribbean Development and Cooperation Committee .-- 681(XXXV) Regional Conference on Population and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean .-- 682(XXXV) Establishment of the Regional Conference on Social Development in Latin America and the Caribbean .-- 683(XXXV) Admission of Sint Maarten as an associate member of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean .-- 684(XXXV) Programme of Work and priorities of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean for the 2016-2017 biennium .-- 685(XXXV) Activities of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean in relation to follow-up to the Millennium Development Goals and implementation of the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic, social and related fields .-- 686(XXXV) Application of Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean .-- 687(XXXV) The regional dimension of the post-2015 development agenda .-- 688(XXXV) South-South Cooperation .-- 689(XXXV) Place of the next session .-- 690(XXXV) Lima Resolution .-- 691(XXXV) Ministerial Conference on the Information Society in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Biennial report (2012-2013)

Includes resolutions adopted at the thirty-fifth session of the Commission, held in 2014.

An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the agriculture sector in Trinidad And Tobago

The economic impact of climate change on root crop, fisheries and vegetable production for Trinidad and Tobago under the A2 and B2 scenarios were modeled, relative to a baseline ―no climate change‖ case, where the mean temperature and rainfall for a base period of 1980 – 2000 was assumed for the years up to 2050. Production functions were used, using ARMA specifications to correct for serial autocorrelation. For the A2 scenarios, rainfall is expected to fall by approximately 10% relative to the baseline case in the 2020s, but is expected to rise thereafter, until by the 2040s rainfall rises slightly above the mean for the baseline case. For the B2 scenario, rainfall rose slightly above the mean for the baseline case in the current decade, but falls steadily thereafter to approximately 15% by the 2040s. Over the same period, temperature is expected to increase by 1.34C and 1.37C under A2 and B2 respectively. It is expected that any further increase in rainfall should have a deleterious effect on root crop production as a whole, since the above mentioned crops represent the majority of the root crops included in the study. Further expected increases in temperature will result in the ambient temperature being very close to the optimal end of the range for most of these crops. By 2050, the value of yield cumulative losses (2008$) for root crops is expected to be approximately 248.8 million USD under the A2 scenario and approximately 239.4 million USD under the B2 scenario. Relative to the 2005 catch for fish, there will be a decrease in catch potential of 10 - 20% by 2050 relative to 2005 catch potentials, other things remaining constant. By 2050 under the A2 and B2 scenarios, losses in real terms were estimated to be 160.2 million USD and 80.1 million USD respectively, at a 1% discount rate. For vegetables, the mean rainfall exceeds the optimal rainfall range for sweet peppers, hot peppers and melongene. However, while the optimal rainfall level for tomatoes is 3000mm/yr, other vegetables such as sweet peppers, hot peppers and ochroes have very low rainfall requirements (as low as 300 mm/yr). Therefore it is expected that any further decrease in rainfall should have a mixed effect on individual vegetable production. It is expected that any further increase in temperature should have a mixed effect on individual vegetable production, though model results indicated that as a group, an increase in temperature should have a positive impact on vegetable production. By 2050, the value of yield cumulative gains (2008$) for vegetables is expected to be approximately 54.9 million USD under the A2 scenario and approximately 49.1 million USD under the B2 scenario, given a 1% discount rate. For root crops, fisheries and vegetables combined, the cumulative loss under A2 is calculated as approximately 352.8 million USD and approximately 270.8 million USD under B2 by 2050. This is equivalent to 1.37% and 1.05% of the 2008 GDP under the A2 and B2 scenarios respectively by 2050. Sea Level Rise (SLR) by 2050 is estimated to be 0.255 m under A2 and 0.215 m under B2. GIS estimation indicated that for a 0.255 m sea level rise, combined with a 0.5 m high tide, there would be no permanent inundation of agricultural land in Trinidad. The total inundation area is 1.18 km2. This occurs only in the Caroni Watershed, on the western coast of Trinidad, and the areas are outside the Caroni Swamp. Even with an additional rise of 0.5 m to simulate a high rainfall event, the estimated inundated area is 4.67 km2, but with no permanent inundation, though likely to be subject to flooding. Based on eleven (11) evaluation criteria, the top potential adaptation options were identified: 1. Use of water saving irrigation systems and water management systems e.g. drip irrigation; 2. Mainstream climate change issues into agricultural management; 3. Repair/maintain existing dams; 4. Alter crop calendar for short-term crops; 5. Adopt improved technologies for soil conservation; 6. Establish systems of food storage; 7. Promote water conservation – install on-farm water harvesting off roof tops; 8. Design and implement holistic water management plans for all competing uses; 9. Build on- farm water storage (ponds and tanks); 10. Agricultural drainage; and 11. Installation of greenhouses. The most attractive adaptation options, based on the Benefit-Cost Ratio are: (1) Build on- farm water storage such as ponds and tanks (2) Mainstreaming climate change issues into agricultural management and (3) Water Harvesting. However, the options with the highest net benefits are, (in order of priority): (1) Build on- farm water storage such as ponds and tanks, (2) Mainstreaming climate change issues into agricultural management and (3) Use of drip irrigation. Based on the area burnt in Trinidad and Tobago between 2005 and 2009, the average annual loss due to fires is 1717.3 ha. At US$17.41 per carbon credit, this implies that for the total land lost to forest fires on average each year, the opportunity cost of carbon credit revenue is 74.3 million USD. If a teak reforestation programme is undertaken in Trinidad and Tobago, the net benefit of reforestation under a carbon credit programme would be 69 million USD cumulatively to 2050.

Concepção sobre vacinas e condições de vida: estudo das famílias de crianças faltosas à vacinação, Bauru - 2000

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB