996 resultados para Avemann, Adolphe Christian (16..-16..) -- Portraits
Resumo:
Afin d’enrichir les outils en matière de solution au décrochage scolaire, cette recherche s’intéresse à l’accompagnement de l’élève et à la réussite au sein de l’école. Elle se déroule dans le cadre de la formation générale des adultes (FGA) âgés de 16 à 24 ans et fréquentant les centres d’éducation des adultes du Québec (CÉA). L’objectif général est de décrire ce qui se fait comme pratiques d’accompagnement de l’élève pour la réussite tout en identifiant les caractéristiques et les objectifs de ces pratiques. Pour ce faire, trois questions de recherche ont été étudiées à savoir : 1) que se fait-il comme pratiques d’accompagnement en FGA, 2) quels sont les objectifs poursuivis par ces pratiques et, enfin, 3) quelles sont les caractéristiques de ces pratiques? Cette étude s’appuie sur l’approche de la sociologie de l'éducation de François Dubet (1994) et propose d’examiner trois dimensions (pédagogique, personnelle et sociale) et sept formes de pratiques d’accompagnement de l’élève : le tutorat, le counseling, le compagnonnage, l’entraide par les pairs, le mentorat, le cybermentorat et les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants. La démarche étant d’établir un ensemble de pratiques d’accompagnement de l’élève comme il se présente dans le milieu, puisque toutes les pratiques d'accompagnement n’avaient pas été, avant notre recherche, répertoriées en tant que telles. Les résultats obtenus permettent de constater la présence d’un déploiement important de plusieurs pratiques d’accompagnement de l’élève en FGA incluant les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants. En effet, le tutorat et le counseling sont deux pratiques qui obtiennent des scores importants. De plus, il aura été possible de documenter de façon assez complète les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignantes dites « d’accompagnement de l’élève » et de comprendre l’articulation de l’ensemble de ces pratiques avec la réussite de l’élève au sein de l’école. Au terme de cette recherche, deux sources de connaissances ont été mises en évidence. D’abord, la première découle des composantes issues du modèle théorique à l’étude, ensuite, la deuxième concerne l’explicitation des pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants. Dans les deux cas, les résultats, ainsi que les analyses, révèlent le caractère central de la dimension pédagogique dans l’accompagnement de l’élève en FGA, ce qui nous renvoie à l’importante contribution, en matière d’accompagnement de l’élève en FGA, de l’enseignant, puisque ce dernier inclut l’accompagnement de l’élève dans l’acte même d’enseigner.
Resumo:
Context and objectives. While 11% of all drivers are aged between 16 and 24, they represent 20% of all fatally injured drivers on the road network of the Province of Quebec. In collaboration with the Sûreté du Québec (SQ), this study seeks to: (1) offer a detailed description of the process (script) leading to fatal collisions involving young drivers; and (2) to recommend prevention measures. Methodology. The script perspective was used to relate the process leading to a fatal collision. The script perspective accounts for all steps that lead to the collision by focusing on: (1) all parties (the driver, friends, parents) and their actions; (2) contexts; and (3) environments. Data were collected from collision and investigation files (n=179). Descriptive and comparative analyses were then conducted to construct the script(s). Results. Results show that fatal collision scripts for 16-29 are different from scripts involving drivers of other age categories (30-59 year-old and 60 year-old and over). The typical script involves a young driver using his car to take part in leisure or festive activities. The latest often occur in a private residence, a bar or a restaurant. On site, young drivers frequently consume psychoactive substances (between 21 and 63.5% of them according to the scene of the script) and are accompanied by friends (between 18.4 and 73.9% according to the scene of the script). Friends often encourage drivers to have alcohol and/or drugs, and to adopt reckless behaviours (speeding and drinking-and-driving are respectively involved in 29.9 and 28.6% of fatal collisions). Conclusion and implications for prevention. Results suggest that fatal collisions involving young drivers could be avoided by encouraging prevention measures aimed at: (1) separating drinking and driving; (2) limiting access to alcohol and peer pressure; (3) raising awareness among potential guardians (e.g. responsible waiters, friends); and (4) increasing arrest risk.
Resumo:
The cross section for the removal of high-momentum protons from 16O is calculated for high missing energies. The admixture of high-momentum nucleons in the 16O ground state is obtained by calculating the single-hole spectral function directly in the finite nucleus with the inclusion of short-range and tensor correlations induced by a realistic meson-exchange interaction. The presence of high-momentum nucleons in the transition to final states in 15N at 60¿100 MeV missing energy is converted to the coincidence cross section for the (e,e¿p) reaction by including the coupling to the electromagnetic probe and the final state interactions of the outgoing proton in the same way as in the standard analysis of the experimental data. Detectable cross sections for the removal of a single proton at these high missing energies are obtained which are considerably larger at higher missing momentum than the corresponding cross sections for the p-wave quasihole transitions. Cross sections for these quasihole transitions are compared with the most recent experimental data available.
Resumo:
We performed ab initio calculations of many particle inclusive probabilities for the scattering system 16 MeV-S{^16+} on Ar. The solution of the time-dependent DIRAC-FOCK-SLATER-equation is achieved via a set of coupled-channel equations with energy eigenvalues and matrix elements which are given by static SCF molecular many electron calculations.
Resumo:
To evaluate single and double K-shell inclusive charge transfer probabilities in ion-atom collisions we solve the time-dependent Dirac equation. By expanding the timedependent wavefunction in a set of molecular basis states the time-dependent equation reduces to a set of coupled-channel equations. The energy eigenvalues and matrix elements are taken from self-consistent relativistic molecular many-electron Dirac-Fock-Slater calculations. We present many-electron inclusive probabilities for different final configurations as a function of impact parameter for single and double K-shell vacancy production in collisions of bare S on Ar.
Resumo:
The screening correction to the coherent pair-production cross section on the oxygen molecule has been calculated using self-consistent relativistic wave functions for the one-center and two-center Coulomb potentials. It is shown that the modification of the wave function due to molecular binding and the interference between contributions from the two atoms have both sizeable effects on the screening correction. The so-obtained coherent pair-production cross section which makes up the largest part of the total atomic cross section was used to evaluate the total nuclear absorption cross section from photon attenuation measurements on liquid oxygen. The result agrees with cross sections for other nuclei if A-scaling is assumed. The molecular effect on the pair cross section amounts to 15 % of the nuclear cross section in the {\delta-resonance} region.