996 resultados para Aparelho lacrimal


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The genus Mycteria (Ciconiidae) is composed of species with controversial phylogenetic hypotheses of relationships. This study sought to describe the cranial osteology of the four species included in the genus Mycteria, comparing with representative species from other genera of the family. The monophyly of Mycteria coud be hypothesized based on the following cranial characters: 1) medial process of the mandible medially oriented and 2) pseudo temporal tubercle developed when compared to other species Ciconiidae. Mycteria ibis and M. leucocephala are sister groups supported by: 1) deep temporal fossa, 2) reduced “T” tubercle and 3) expansion of the caudal fossa coanalis relative to other species of Ciconiidae. Among the species studied, the most basal was M. cinerea and the taxon formed by M. ibis and M. leucocephala is sister group of M. americana, sustained by the presence of total fusion of lacrimal and frontal bones, whereas in remaining species of Ciconiidae the suture between these bones is visible.

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The cranial osteology of Micrastur gilvicollis (Vieillot, 1817), Micrastur ruficollis (Vieillot, 1817) and Micrastur semitorquatus (Vieillot, 1817) is comparatively and meticulously described to characterize each of the species and to determine which traits the species have in common and which are distinct. These traits will be used a posteriori for phylogenetic analysis. Our results indicate that M. gilvicollis and M. ruficollis are closely related, as they share a large number of traits, including a lacrimal bone with a distal portion that is approximately half as long as the proximal portion and a parasphenoid rostrum that covers 50% of the distance between the occipital condyle and pterygoid. Similarly, M. gilvicollis and M. semitorquatus both have a partially fused craniofacial flexion zone. In both M. ruficollis and M. semitorquatus, the symphyseal region of the mandible is 1/5 the total length of the mandible. The diagnostic traits for each of these species are as follows: a) in M. gilvicollis, the interorbital distance is 1/3 the length of the parietal, and the zygomatic process stretches 1/5 of the distance from the orbital arch to the jugal arch; b) in M. ruficollis, the interorbital distance is 2/5 of the length of the parietal and the zygomatic process extends 1/4 of the distance from the orbital arch to the jugal arch; and c) in M. semitorquatus, the interorbital distance is 3/7 the length of the parietal and the distal portion of the lacrimal is 1/3 the length of the proximal portion. Among the three species, M. gilvicolis and M. ruficollis share the most traits, which leads us to infer that these species are more closely related to one another than they are to M. semitorquatus. Phylogenetic analysis performed a posteriori may confirm the relationship between these three species.

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The Caracara genus (Aves: Falconidae) is composed by species C. cheriway, ("Crested Caracara"), and C. plancus (Southern Caracara). This study aimed to describe in detail and compared the cranial osteology of C. cheriway and C. plancus, identifying osteological cranial characters for a future systematic work. The two common characters of Caracara species are: the projection of rostro parasphenoid reaches 50% of the distance from the occipital condyle to the pterygoid; the upper maxilla has about 4/9 of the total length of theskull, the symphysial portion of mandible occupies about 1/7 of its total length, the proximal portion of lacrimal bone ends in a rounded shape and has about 1/4 of the width of the distal portion. The unique characters of C. cheriway are: the interorbital width is about 1/2 of the parietal region, shows a frontal bone prominence; presence of lacrimal process of frontal bone; the proximal portion of the lacrimal bone reaches 1/5 of the distance from the orbital arc to the jugal bone; the distance between the distal portions of two lacrimal bones reach 5/6 of the parietal width, the ratio between the interorbital diameter and parietal region ranges from 2 times; the zygomatic process occupies about 40% of the distance between its origin in the skull and jugal bone. The unique characters of C. plancus are: the interorbital width is approximately 4/7 of the parietal width; show a rostral medial concavity; the proximal portion of the lacrimal bone is about 1/4 of the width of the distal; the proximal portion of the lacrimal bone reaches 1/7 of the distance from the orbital arc to the jugal bone; the distance between the distal portions of two lacrimal bones reaches 6/7 of the width parietal one; the ratio between the interorbital diameter and parietal region varies 1, 75 times, the zygomatic process occupies about 35% of the distance between its origin in the skull and jugal bone.

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

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Melanoma subungueal in situ tratado com cirurgia funcionalHamilton Ometto StolfI, Hélio Amante MiotI, Nilton de Ávila ReisIIDepartamento de Dermatologia e Radioterapia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)INTRODUÇÃOO melanoma subungueal representa aproximadamente 2% a 3% dos melanomas cutâneos em pacientes caucasianos1 e 20% em pacientes negros2 ou asiáticos.3A exposição solar, tida com principal fator de risco para o melanoma cutâneo,4 parece desempenhar papel secundário no desenvolvimento da variante subungueal,5 uma vez que a radiação ultravioleta dificilmente penetra no leito ungueal. Além disso, nevos subungueais como lesões precursoras são extremamente raros.6Os polegares e háluces são os mais acometidos, sendo o polegar responsável por 56% dos casos entre todos os dedos e o hálux por 86% dos dedos dos pés.7A confirmação do diagnóstico é feita a partir do exame anatomopatológico da lesão, geralmente localizada na matriz ou leito ungueal. A verificação histológica do melanoma subungueal é frequentemente postergada por conta do atraso no diagnóstico clínico,8-10 gerando piora do prognóstico.O prognóstico geralmente é ruim: as taxas de sobrevida real de cinco anos variam entre 16% a 20%, podendo atingir até 80% se consideradas taxas de sobrevida estimada.2,3,11-18RELATO DE CASOPaciente de 44 anos, do sexo feminino, professora, com queixa de aparecimento de mancha na unha do hálux direito há cinco anos. Relata aumento progressivo lento na largura da faixa. Ao exame dermatológico, apresentava faixa de melanoníquia extensa, irregular, bordas mal definidas e estria de pigmentação mais acentuada em uma das margens do leito ungueal do hálux direito (Figura 1). Exame dermatoscópico (aparelho Dermalite II Pro, aumento de 10 vezes) confirmou faixas irregulares e cores variadas de hiperpigmentação.Foi realizada a avulsão parcial da lâmina ungueal e incisão na prega ungueal lateral para visualização do local da origem da pigmentação no leito ungueal,

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Objective: to describe technical complaints and adverse drug events reported in a sentinel hospital in São Paulo state in 2009 and 2010. Methods: This is a descriptive study. Information was obtained from the sentinel hospital Risk Management database. Results: we found 199 reports related to drugs: 70.0% were technical complaints, 21.0% ineffective therapy and 9.0% adverse reaction to medication. The pharmacological groups with highest number of reports were: drugs that act on alimentary tract and metabolism (25.1%), the nervous system (25.1%) and anti-infective drugs for systemic use (22.1%). Conclusion: technical complaints and adverse drug events were frequent, despite recognized underreporting. The characterization of these events could inform the adoption of control measures and permanent educational actions in health services in order to prevent their occurrence.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)