Comparison of Contemporary Protocols for High-speed Data Transport via 10 Gbps WAN Connections

This work is dedicated to comparison of open source as well as proprietary transport protocols for highspeed data transmission via IP networks. The contemporary common TCP needs significant improvement since it was developed as general-purpose transport protocol and firstly introduced four decades ago. In nowadays networks, TCP fits not all communication needs that society has. Caused of it another transport protocols have been developed and successfully used for e.g. Big Data movement. In scope of this research the following protocols have been investigated for its efficiency on 10Gbps links: UDT, RBUDP, MTP and RWTP. The protocols were tested under different impairments such as Round Trip Time up to 400 ms and packet losses up to 2%. Investigated parameters are the data rate under different conditions of the network, the CPU load by sender andreceiver during the experiments, size of feedback data, CPU usage per Gbps and the amount of feedback data per GiByte of effectively transmitted data. The best performance and fair resources consumption was observed by RWTP. From the opensource projects, the best behavior is showed by RBUDP.

Pseudohypoaldosteronisms, report on a 10-patient series.

BACKGROUND: Type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA1) is a salt-wasting syndrome caused by mineralocorticoid resistance. Autosomal recessive and dominant hereditary forms are caused by Epithelial Na Channel and Mineralocorticoid Receptor mutation respectively, while secondary PHA1 is usually associated with urological problems. METHODS: Ten patients were studied in four French pediatric units in order to characterize PHA1 spectrum in infants. Patients were selected by chart review. Genetic, clinical and biochemistry data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Autosomal recessive PHA1 (n = 3) was diagnosed at 6 and 7 days of life in three patients presenting with severe hyperkalaemia and weight loss. After 8 months, 3 and 5 years on follow-up, neurological development and longitudinal growth was normal with high sodium supplementation. Autosomal dominant PHA1 (n = 4) was revealed at 15, 19, 22 and 30 days of life because of failure to thrive. At 8 months, 3 and 21 years of age, longitudinal growth was normal in three patients who were given salt supplementation; no significant catch-up growth was obtained in the last patient at 20 months of age. Secondary PHA1 (n = 3) was diagnosed at 11, 26 days and 5 months of life concomitantly with acute pyelonephritis in three children with either renal hypoplasia, urinary duplication or bilateral megaureter. The outcome was favourable and salt supplementation was discontinued after 3, 11 and 13 months. CONCLUSIONS: PHA1 should be suspected in case of severe hyperkalemia and weight loss in infants and need careful management. Pathogenesis of secondary PHA1 is still challenging and further studies are mandatory to highlight the link between infection, developing urinary tract and pseudohypoaldosteronism.

Physicians' estimates of the 10 year cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients: an evaluation in primary care physicians in training.

To evaluate how young physicians in training perceive their patients' cardiovascular risk based on the medical charts and their clinical judgment. Cross sectional observational study. University outpatient clinic, Lausanne, Switzerland. Two hundred hypertensive patients and 50 non-hypertensive patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. Comparison of the absolute 10-year cardiovascular risk calculated by a computer program based on the Framingham score and adapted for physicians by the WHO/ISH with the perceived risk as assessed clinically by the physicians. Physicians underestimated the 10-year cardiovascular risk of their patients compared to that calculated with the Framingham score. Concordance between methods was 39% for hypertensive patients and 30% for non-hypertensive patients. Underestimation of cardiovascular risks for hypertensive patients was related to the fact they had a stabilized systolic blood pressure under 140 mm Hg (OR = 2.1 [1.1; 4.1]). These data show that young physicians in training often have an incorrect perception of the cardiovascular risk of their patients with a tendency to underestimate the risk. However, the calculated risk could also be slightly overestimated when applying the Framingham Heart Study model to a Swiss population. To implement a systematic evaluation of risk factors in primary care a greater emphasis should be placed on the teaching of cardiovascular risk evaluation and on the implementation of quality improvement programs.

Disease identification based on ambulatory drugs dispensation and in-hospital ICD-10 diagnoses: a comparison.

BACKGROUND: Pharmacy-based case mix measures are an alternative source of information to the relatively scarce outpatient diagnoses data. But most published tools use national drug nomenclatures and offer no head-to-head comparisons between drugs-related and diagnoses-based categories. The objective of the study was to test the accuracy of drugs-based morbidity groups derived from the World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification of drugs by checking them against diagnoses-based groups. METHODS: We compared drugs-based categories with their diagnoses-based analogues using anonymous data on 108,915 individuals insured with one of four companies. They were followed throughout 2005 and 2006 and hospitalized at least once during this period. The agreement between the two approaches was measured by weighted kappa coefficients. The reproducibility of the drugs-based morbidity measure over the 2 years was assessed for all enrollees. RESULTS: Eighty percent used a drug associated with at least one of the 60 morbidity categories derived from drugs dispensation. After accounting for inpatient under-coding, fifteen conditions agreed sufficiently with their diagnoses-based counterparts to be considered alternative strategies to diagnoses. In addition, they exhibited good reproducibility and allowed prevalence estimates in accordance with national estimates. For 22 conditions, drugs-based information identified accurately a subset of the population defined by diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Most categories provide insurers with health status information that could be exploited for healthcare expenditure prediction or ambulatory cost control, especially when ambulatory diagnoses are not available. However, due to insufficient concordance with their diagnoses-based analogues, their use for morbidity indicators is limited.

Biomasa desovante de la anchoveta y condiciones oceanográficas. Crucero 9408- 10 BIC SNP-1 y bolicheras

Describe las actividades realizadas en el crucero de evaluación de biomasa desovante de anchoveta y sardina, realizadas desde el 11 de agosto al 4 de octubre de 1994, con el objetivo de evaluar a las poblaciones desovantes de la anchoveta y sardina del litoral, para lo cual exploró el área comprendida entre los 10°00 'S y 17°30 'S, llegando hasta las 102 mm de la costa. Los registros acústicos mostraron que la distribución de la anchoveta fue amplia, desde las 02 hasta las 102 millas de la costa, formando grandes áreas de concentración, principalmente frente a Chimbote, Salaverry, Chicama y Pimentel y en menor densidad entre Huarmey y Pisco. La sardina en cambio se presentó en pequeñas áreas dispersas entre Pimentel y Paita, desde las 15mn hasta las 102 millas de distancia de la costa. Las concentraciones y distribución de la especie no permitieron realizar el estimado de biomasa desovante. La Biomasa desovante estimada para ala anchoveta mediante el Método de Producción de huevos es de 6,9 millones de toneladas, con una producción de 15,12 E + 13 huevos por día. La temperatura superficial del mar fluctuó entre 15.0 y 20,4° C. En general, en todo el litoral se observó una tendencia homogénea, con algunos incrementos de carácter temporal al inicio de la primavera.

Evaluación de la población de concha de abanico (Argopecten purpuratus) en el área de Callo 10 - 16 de Mayo de 1995. Informe preliminar

Da a conocer los resultados preliminares de la evaluación de la población de concha de abanico en el área de Callao, efectuada entre el 10 y 16 de mayo de 1995, con la finalidad de estimar la magnitud del stock y determinar las características del recurso en relación al ambiente marino. Para el estudio, se empleó el método de muestreo estratificado al azar. Como resultado de la investigación, se obtiene que la disponibilidad y biomasa del recurso fue baja por lo que se recomienda intensificar el control de la talla mínima de extracción.

Condiciones oceanográficas frente a la costa norte y centro del Perú. 22 de octubre al 10 de noviembre de 1996. (Operacion MOPFEN 9610-11)

Presenta información oceanográfica que permite conocer la variación que han tenido los parámetros ambientales durante la primavera de 1996 y tener así elementos de juicio, para conocer la tendencia de las condiciones del mar peruano hacia el mes de diciembre de 1996 e inicio de verano de 1997.

Investigación sobre el calamar gigante o pota en primavera 1996 en el área de Puerto Pizarro a Paita. Crucero BIC SNP-1 9609-10

Presenta los resultados de la prospección acústica pesquera, en la zona de Puerto Pizarro a Paita, hasta las 320 millas náuticas de distancia a la costa, del 25 de setiembre al 20 de Octubre 1996. El recurso se encontró muy disperso en casi toda el área prospectada, asociado a temperaturas superficiales y salinidades.

Resumen ejecutivo del crucero BIC Humboldt 9709-10 de evaluación hidroacústica de recursos pelágicos entre Matarani y Paita.

El Crucero 9709-10 se realizo con la finalidad de dar a conocer el efecto que en primer momento tuvo sobre las poblaciones de recursos pelágicos, principalmente la anchoveta.

Distribución, concentración y biomasa de los principales recursos pelágicos a finales del invierno e inicios de primavera 1997. Crucero BIC Humboldt 9709-10, de Matarani a Paita

El crucero BIC Humboldt 9709-10, del 01 de setiembre al 11 de octubre de 1997 tuvo por finalidad la evaluación, empleando métodos hidroacústicos de la distribución y biomasa de los principales recursos pelágicos, particularmente le anchoveta, además de conocer sus aspectos biológicos en función a las condiciones ambientales. Durante el crucero se navegaron 4668 mn en 78 transectos de longitud variable (100, 80 y 50 mn). Se efectuaron 256 lances de comprobación y para muestreo biológico por parte del BIC Humboldt y de las L/P IMARPE IV y VI, las cuales tuvieron por misión rastrear la zona más cercana a la costa. Se ejecutaron más de 260 estaciones oceanográficas sobre un área evaluada de alrededor de 80.000 mn2.