Veto of R.182, H.4717

This veto message from Governor Nikki Haley vetoes a bill would give farmers an additional $40 million in cash payments other small businesses will never receive because it is an unprecedented bailout for a single industry affected by last year's flooding.

Ulf Over: Die interkulturell kompetente Schule. Eine empirische Studie zur sozialen Konstruktion eines Entwicklungsziels. Münster / New York / München / Berlin: Waxmann 2012 (182 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: Ulf Over: Die interkulturell kompetente Schule. Eine empirische Studie zur sozialen Konstruktion eines Entwicklungsziels. Münster / New York / München / Berlin: Waxmann 2012 (182 S.; ISBN 978-3-8309-2568-2)

Health-related And Socio-demographic Factors Associated With Frailty In The Elderly: A Systematic Literature Review.

Frailty is a syndrome that leads to practical harm in the lives of elders, since it is related to increased risk of dependency, falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, and death. The objective of this systematic review was to identify the socio-demographic, psycho-behavioral, health-related, nutritional, and lifestyle factors associated with frailty in the elderly. A total of 4,183 studies published from 2001 to 2013 were detected in the databases, and 182 complete articles were selected. After a comprehensive reading and application of selection criteria, 35 eligible articles remained for analysis. The main factors associated with frailty were: age, female gender, black race/color, schooling, income, cardiovascular diseases, number of comorbidities/diseases, functional incapacity, poor self-rated health, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol use. Knowledge of the complexity of determinants of frailty can assist the formulation of measures for prevention and early intervention, thereby contributing to better quality of life for the elderly.

Species Fractionation In Atomic Chains From Mechanically Stretched Alloys.

Bettini et al (2006 Nat. Nanotechnol. 1 182-5) reported the first experimental realization of linear atomic chains (LACs) composed of different atoms (Au and Ag). The different contents of Au and Ag were observed in the chains from what was found in the bulk alloys, which raises the question of what the wire composition is, if it is in equilibrium with a bulk alloy. In this work we address the thermodynamic driving force for species fractionation in LACs under tension, and we present the density-functional theory results for Ag-Au chain alloys. A pronounced stabilization of the wires with an alternating Ag-Au sequence is observed, which could be behind the experimentally observed Au enrichment in LACs from alloys with high Ag content.

Avaliação da resistencia da força explosiva atraves de testes de saltos verticais

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Síndrome do X Frágil com variante de Dandy-Walker: estudo clínico das manifestações comunicativas orais e escritas

A síndrome do X Frágil é a causa mais frequente de deficiência intelectual hereditária. A variante de Dandy-Walker trata-se de uma constelação específica de achados neurorradiológicos. Este estudo relata achados da comunicação oral e escrita de um menino de 15 anos com diagnóstico clínico e molecular da síndrome do X-Frágil e achados de neuroimagem do encéfalo compatíveis com variante de Dandy-Walker. A avaliação fonoaudiológica foi realizada por meio da Observação do Comportamento Comunicativo, aplicação do ABFW - Teste de Linguagem Infantil - Fonologia, Perfil de Habilidades Fonológicas, Teste de Desempenho Escolar, Teste Illinois de Habilidades Psicolinguísticas, avaliação do sistema estomatognático e avaliação audiológica. Observou-se: alteração de linguagem oral quanto às habilidades fonológicas, semânticas, pragmáticas e morfossintáticas; déficits nas habilidades psicolinguísticas (recepção auditiva, expressão verbal, combinação de sons, memória sequencial auditiva e visual, closura auditiva, associação auditiva e visual); e alterações morfológicas e funcionais do sistema estomatognático. Na leitura verificou-se dificuldades na decodificação dos símbolos gráficos e na escrita havia omissões, aglutinações e representações múltiplas com o uso predominante de vogais e dificuldades na organização viso-espacial. Em matemática, apesar do reconhecimento numérico, não realizou operações aritméticas. Não foram observadas alterações na avaliação audiológica periférica. A constelação de sintomas comportamentais, cognitivos, linguísticos e perceptivos, previstos na síndrome do X-Frágil, somada às alterações estruturais do sistema nervoso central, pertencentes à variante de Dandy-Walker, trouxeram interferências marcantes no desenvolvimento das habilidades comunicativas, no aprendizado da leitura e escrita e na integração social do indivíduo.

O conhecimento de professores de 1ª a 4ª série quanto aos distúrbios da leitura e escrita

OBJETIVO: investigar o conhecimento dos professores de 1ª a 4ª série quanto ao distúrbio da leitura e escrita, pesquisando quais dificuldades referentes a esse distúrbio, foram apresentadas por estes professores. MÉTODOS: esses dados foram obtidos, por meio de um questionário informativo de 10 questões, aplicados a 50 professores de 1ª a 4ª série, da cidade de Bauru. Os questionários foram analisados e tabulados, e receberam tratamento estatístico pertinente. RESULTADOS: os resultados obtidos revelaram que os professores possuem um conhecimento superficial a respeito do distúrbio da leitura e escrita, sendo que muitos adquiriram tal conhecimento fora do ambiente de graduação. Verificou-se também que os professores apesar de encaminharem seus alunos ao fonoaudiólogo, possuem visão limitada quanto à atuação deste profissional. O distúrbio da leitura e escrita foi considerado como um problema próprio da criança, sendo pouco reconhecido como uma falha que também pode ser da escola ou da metodologia de ensino. CONCLUSÃO: os professores logram um saber pouco fundamentado a respeito do distúrbio da leitura e escrita; sendo que, as dificuldades giraram em torno: da identificação real do problema; de quais manifestações caracterizam esse problema; e de como intervir e prevenir.

A phylogenetic study of the subtribe Dicrepidiina (Elateridae, Elaterinae, Ampedini)

It is presented a cladistic analysis of the Dicrepidiina aiming to test the monophyletism of the subtribe and to establish the relationships among the genera. The subtribe is composed by 36 genera and all of them, except Asebis, Lamononia, Neopsephus, Semiotopsis and Spilomorphus were included in the analysis. Fifty two species, especially the type-species of each genus were studied: Achrestus flavocinctus (Candèze, 1859), A. venustus Champion, 1895, Adiaphorus gracilis Schwarz, 1901, A. ponticerianus Candèze, 1859, Anoplischiopsis bivittatus Champion, 1895, Anoplischius bicarinatus Candèze, 1859, A. conicus Candèze, 1900, A. haematopus Candèze, 1859, A. pyronotus Candèze, 1859, Atractosomus flavescens (Germar, 1839), Blauta cribraria (Germar, 1844), Calopsephus apicalis (Schwarz, 1903), Catalamprus angustus (Fleutiaux, 1902), Crepidius flabellifer (Erichson, 1847), C. resectus Candèze, 1859, Cyathodera auripilosus Costa, 1968, C. lanugicollis (Candèze, 1859), C. longicornis Blanchard, 1843, Dayakus angularis Candèze, 1893, Dicrepidius ramicornis (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805), Dipropus brasilianus (Germar, 1824), D. factuellus Candèze, 1859, D. laticollis (Eschscholtz, 1829), D. pinguis (Candèze, 1859), D. schwarzi (Becker, 1961), Elius birmanicus Candèze, 1893, E. dilatatus Candèze, 1878, Heterocrepidius gilvellus Candèze, 1859, H. ventralis Guérin-Méneville, 1838, Lampropsephus cyaneus (Candèze, 1878), Loboederus appendiculatus (Perty, 1830), Olophoeus gibbus Candèze, 1859, Ovipalpus pubescens Solier, 1851, Pantolamprus ligneus Candèze, 1896, P. mirabilis Candèze, 1896, P. perpulcher Westwood, 1842, Paraloboderus glaber Golbach, 1990, Proloboderus crassipes Fleutiaux, 1912, Propsephus beniensis (Candèze, 1859), P. cavifrons (Erichson, 1843), Pseudolophoeus guineensis (Candèze, 1881), Rhinopsephus apicalis (Schwarz, 1903), Sephilus formosanus Schwarz, 1912, S. frontalis Candèze, 1878, Singhalenus gibbus Candèze, 1892, S. taprobanicus Candèze, 1859, Sphenomerus antennalis Candèze, 1859, S. brunneus Candèze, 1865, Spilus atractomorphus Candèze, 1859, S. nitidus Candèze, 1859, Stenocrepidius simonii Fleutiaux, 1891 and Trielasmus varians Blanchard, 1846. Chalcolepidius zonatus (Hemirhipini, Agrypninae), Ctenicera silvatica (Prosternini, Prosterninae), and species of the other subtribes of Ampedini (Elaterinae): Ampedus sanguineus (Ampedina), Melanotus spernendus (Melanotina) and Anchastus digittatus and Physorhinus xanthocephalus (Physorhinina) were used as outgroups. The results of the phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Dicrepidiina, as formerly defined, does not form a monophyletic group. One genus, represented by Ovipalpus pubescens, was removed from the subtribe. The subtribe is characterized by presence of lamella under 2nd and 3rd tarsomeres of all legs. Also, it was revealed that the genera Achrestus, Anoplischius, Dipropus and Propsephus are not monophyletic. Due to the scarcity of information, all the studied species are redescribed and illustrated.

Novas espécies de Acanthoderini, Onciderini e Pteropliini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) do Brasil e da Bolívia

Novas espécies são descritas: em Acanthoderini - Psapharochrus inaequalis sp. nov. e Psapharochrus irumus sp. nov. de Santa Cruz, Bolívia; Psapharochrus rondonensis sp. nov e Punctozotroctes tuberculatus sp. nov. de Rondônia, Brasil; Meridiotroctes truncata sp. nov. da Bahia, Brasil; em Pteropliini - Rhaphiptera apeara sp. nov. da Bahia (Brasil) and Ataxia parva sp. nov. da Paraíba (Brasil); em Onciderini - Oncideres disiunctus sp. nov. do Amazonas (Brasil).

Reflexão sobre a imigração japonesa no Brasil sob o ângulo da adiposidade corporal

Populações migrantes representam oportunidade para se investigar a contribuição de fatores ambientais na gênese da obesidade e suas comorbidades. Em 1993, o Japanese-Brazilian Diabetes Study Group estudou a prevalência de diabetes e doenças associadas em nipo-brasileiros residentes em Bauru, SP. Utilizando critérios específicos para asiáticos, 22,4% dos nipo-brasileiros foram caracterizados como portadores de excesso de peso nessa primeira fase do estudo. Na segunda fase, em 2000, essa prevalência subiu para 44,2%, e 50,3% apresentavam obesidade central. Essa população também apresentava alta prevalência de diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão e dislipidemia, componentes da síndrome metabólica. O JBDS Group também mostrou a associação entre hábitos ocidentais, especialmente alimentação rica em gordura saturada, e a ocorrência de síndrome metabólica. Em 2005, motivado por esses achados, o JBDS Group iniciou a terceira fase do estudo que constou de programa de intervenção com base em orientação para dieta saudável e prática de atividade física, utilizando recursos factíveis em termos de saúde pública no Brasil. Após um ano de intervenção, o JBDS Group observou diminuição nos parâmetros antropométricos, pressão arterial e níveis de glicemia e colesterol. Tempo de acompanhamento maior é necessário para avaliar a persistência desses benefícios e o impacto deles no risco de desenvolver diabetes e eventos cardiovasculares.

Introdução ao uso dos protocolos SRU/SRW: ferramentas para a catalogação cooperativa

In this article the use of Search and Retrieve URL (SRU) / Search and Retrieve Web Service (SRW) protocols, both developed and maintained by the Library of Congress in the United States, is presented and discussed. The SRU/SRW is a new draft protocol based on the already widespread Z39.50 protocol, whose purpose is to facilitate the development of solutions for shared cooperative cataloging of bibliographic information. Some examples of applications are also shown and the lack of production on the subject in specialized journals is pointed out.

Genome Survey Sequence Analysis and Identification of Homologs of Major Surface Protease (gp63) Genes in Trypanosoma rangeli

In this study, 222 genome survey sequences were generated for Trypanosoma rangeli strain P07 isolated from an opossum (Didelphis albiventris) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. T. rangeli sequences were compared by BLASTX (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool X) analysis with the assembled contigs of Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania infantum, Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei, and Trypanosoma cruzi. Results revealed that 82% (182/222) of the sequences were associated with predicted proteins described, whereas 18% (40/222) of the sequences did not show significant identity with sequences deposited in databases, suggesting that they may represent T. rangeli-specific sequences. Among the 182 predicted sequences, 179 (80.6%) had the highest similarity with T. cruzi, 2 (0.9%) with T. brucei, and 1 (0.5%) with L. braziliensis. Computer analysis permitted the identification of members of various gene families described for trypanosomatids in the genome of T. rangeli, such as trans-sialidases, mucin-associated surface proteins, and major surface proteases (MSP or gp63). This is the first report identifying sequences of the MSP family in T. rangeli. Multiple sequence alignments showed that the predicted MSP of T. rangeli presented the typical characteristics of metalloproteases, such as the presence of the HEXXH motif, which corresponds to a region previously associated with the catalytic site of the enzyme, and various cysteine and proline residues, which are conserved among MSPs of different trypanosomatid species. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the presence of MSP transcripts in epimastigote forms of T. rangeli.

Relevance of extractives and wood transformation products on the biodegradation of Pinus taeda by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora is a promising white-rot fungus for biopulping. However, the underlying biochemistry involved in lignin removal and insignificant cellulose degradation by this species is not completely understood. This paper addresses this topic focusing on the involvement of ethanol-soluble extractives and wood transformation products in the biodegradation process. Cultures containing ethanol-extracted or in natura wood chips presented similar levels of extracellular enzymes and degradation of wood components. Fe3+-reducing compounds present in undecayed Pinus taeda were rapidly diminished by fungal degradation. Lignin-degradation products released during biodegradation restored part of the Fe3+-reducing activity. However, Fe3+ reduction was ineffective in presence of 0.5 mM oxalate at pH 4.5. Fungal consumption of Fe3+-reducing compounds and secretion of oxalic acid minimized the significance of Fenton`s reaction in the initial stages of wood biotreatment. This would explain limited polysaccharide degradation by the fungus that also lacks a complete set of hydrolytic enzymes. Scientific relevance of the paper: Ceriporiopsis subvermispora is a white-rot fungus suitable for biopulping processes because it degrades lignin selectively and causes significant structural changes on the wood components during the earlier decay stages. However, the intricate mechanism to explain lignin transformation and insignificant cellulose degradation by this species remains poorly understood. Some recent evidences pointed out for lipid peroxidation reactions as all initiating process explaining lignin degradation. On the other hand, alkylitaconic acids produced by the fungus via transformations of fatty acids occurring in wood showed to prevent polysaccharide degradation in Fenton reactions. In this context, one may conclude that the involvement of native wood substances or their transformation products in the overall wood biodegradation process induced by C subvermispora is still a matter of discussion. While free and esterified fatty acids present in wood extractives may be involved in the biosynthesis of alkylitaconic acids and in lipid peroxidation reactions, some extractives and lignin degradation products can reduce Fe3+, providing Fe2+ species needed to form OH radical via Fenton`s reaction. The present study focuses on this topic by evaluating the relevance of ethanol-soluble extractives and wood transformation products on the biodegradation of P. taeda by C subvermispora. For this, solid-state cultures containing ethanol-extracted and in natura wood chips were evaluated in details for up to 4 weeks. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.