Mesurer la résilience des ménages ruraux sénégalais : Une approche en termes de trajectoires et seuils de moyens d’existence

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Funcionamento das famílias: perceção de funcionamento familiar nas diferentes configurações familiares

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a perceção do funcionamento familiar em diferentes tipologias familiares – famílias nucleares intactas, monoparentais e reconstituídas. Participantes: Participaram neste estudo 1089 pessoas, adultos e adolescentes num total de 387 famílias. Instrumentos: Escala de Avaliação da Adaptabilidade e Coesão Familiar (FACES IV) e a Escala Familiar de Autorresposta – Versão II (SFI). Resultados: As famílias nucleares intactas percecionam-se como sendo mais coesas, flexíveis, saudáveis/competentes, com uma melhor comunicação e menos desmembradas em comparação com as famílias monoparentais. Os pais percecionam a família como sendo mais coesa, emaranhada, flexível, com uma melhor comunicação e menos desmembrada do que os filhos. Os participantes com um rendimento superior a 600 euros percecionam as suas famílias como sendo mais flexíveis e referem-se mais participantes do que os sujeitos com um rendimento inferior a 600 euros. Existem diferenças nas famílias nucleares intactas e monoparentais, que se encontram nas diferentes etapas do ciclo vital, nas dimensões coesão, flexibilidade, emaranhamento, rigidez, subescala caótica e comunicação. / Purpose: This study aims to analyze the perception of family functioning in different family typologies - intact nuclear families and single parents families as well as reconstituted families. Participants: The study included 1089 people, adults and adolescents in a total of 387 families. Instruments: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES IV) and the Self-Report Family Inventory - Version II (SFI). Results: The intact nuclear families perceive themselves as being more cohesive, flexible, healthy/competent, with better communication and less disengaged when compared to single parent’s families. Parents perceive the family as being more cohesive, enmeshed, flexible, with better communication and less disengaged than their children. Participants with an income higher than 600 euros per month perceive their families as being more flexible and refer being more satisfied than participants with less than 600 euros of income per month. There are differences in intact nuclear and single parent families at different stages of the life cycle in the cohesion, flexibility, enmeshed, rigid, chaotic and communication subscales.

L’innovation de modèle d’affaires exploitant les technologies de l’information et de la communication -contribution à la compréhension du lien entre TIC et performance

Les entreprises qui se servent des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) pour innover mesurent des impacts très inégaux sur leurs performances. Cela dépend principalement de l’intensité, l’ampleur et la cohérence de l’innovation systémique auxquelles elles procèdent. En l’état de la connaissance, la littérature identifie le besoin de mieux comprendre cette notion d’alignement systémique. Cette thèse propose d’aborder cette question à l’aide de la notion d’innovation du modèle d’affaires. Une revue systématique de la littérature a été réalisée. D’un point de vue conceptuel, elle contribue à mieux définir le concept de modèle d’affaires, et a permis de réaliser une typologie des différents cadres de modélisation d’affaires. Le cadre conceptuel qui en est issu aborde le sujet de l’innovation du modèle d’affaires à trois niveaux : (1) stratégique à travers la proposition d’une matrice de positionnement de l’innovation de modèle d’affaires et l’identification de trajectoires d’innovation ; (2) configuration du modèle d’affaires à l’aide du cadre de modélisation tétraédrique de Caisse et Montreuil ; et (3) opérationnel-tactique par l’analyse des facteurs clés de succès et des chaines structurantes. Du fait du caractère émergeant de la littérature sur le sujet, la méthodologie choisie est une étude de cas comparés. Trois études de cas d’entreprises québécoises ont été réalisées. Elles oeuvrent dans des secteurs variés, et ont procédé à une innovation significative de leur modèle d’affaires en s’appuyant sur des TIC,. La recherche conclut à la pertinence de l’utilisation du concept de modèle d’affaires en ce qui concerne l’analyse de l’alignement systémique dans un contexte d’innovation appuyée sur les TIC. Neuf propositions de recherche sont énoncées et ouvrent la voie à de futures recherches

Estudo Preliminar das Propriedades Psicométricas e dos Dados Normativos da Forma Geral das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven numa Amostra da Comunidade

Objetivo: Estudar as propriedades psicométricas e os dados normativos da Forma Geral das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven numa amostra da comunidade da população portuguesa. Método: A amostra é constituída por 697 pessoas (314 homens e 383 mulheres), com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 90 anos. Todos os participantes preencheram uma declaração de consentimento informado e uma bateria de testes neuropsicológicos, incluindo a Forma Geral das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven (FG-MPR), Teste de Memória de 15-Item de Rey, Escala de Autoavaliação de Ansiedade de Zung, Bateria de Avaliação Frontal e Figura Complexa de Rey. Resultados: A média na FG-MPR foi de 44,47 (DP = 10,78). Os resultados demonstraram que todas as variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, sexo, escolaridade, profissão, regiões e tipologia de áreas urbanas), exceto o estado civil, apresentaram ter influência significativa nas pontuações da FG-MPR. A confiabilidade e a estabilidade temporal da FG-MPR revelaram-se adequadas. A análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória mostrou que o modelo para um fator não é adequado. Um modelo a quatro fatores continua a não ser adequado. Conclusão: Os dados do presente estudo sugerem que se trata de um instrumento com potencialidades na sua utilização junto da população portuguesa. / Purpose: To study the psychometric properties and date normative of the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices in a Portuguese community sample. Method: The sample consists of 697 people (314 men and 383 women), aged between 12 and 90 years. All participants filled an informed consent form and a battery of neuropsychological tests, which included Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM), Rey 15-Item Memory Test, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Frontal Assessment Battery, and Rey Complex Figure Test. Results: The average in RSPM was 44.47 (SD = 10.78). The results showed that all of the sociodemographic variables (age, sex, education, profession, region, and typology of urban areas), with the exception of civil status, showed significant influence on RSPM scores. The reliability and temporal stability of RSPM were adequate. Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model is not better explained by one factor. A two-factor model was not also suitable. Conclusion: The data from this study suggest that it is an instrument with potential for its use among the Portuguese population.

Contributo para o Estudo das Propriedades Psicométricas: Teste do Desenho do Relógio numa Amostra da População Portuguesa

Objetivo: Estudar as propriedades psicométricas do Teste do Desenho do Relógio numa amostra da população portuguesa. Método: A amostra é constituída por 749 pessoas (345 homens e 404 mulheres), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 94 anos. Todos os participantes preencheram uma declaração de consentimento informado e uma bateria de testes neuropsicológicos. Resultados: A média no Teste do Desenho do Relógio foi de 4,10 (DP = 1,25). Os resultados demonstraram que as variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, escolaridade, profissão, regiões e tipologia de áreas urbanas) apresentaram ter influência significativa nas pontuações do Teste do Desenho do Relógio. A confiabilidade e a estabilidade temporal revelaram-se adequadas. Conclusão: Os dados do nosso estudo indicam que o Teste do Desenho do Relógio pode ser utilizado pela população portuguesa. / Purpose: To study the psychometric properties of the Clock Drawing Test in a Portuguese sample. Method: The sample consists of 749 people (345 men and 404 women), aged between 18 and 94 years. All participants filled an informed consent form and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Results: The average in Clock Drawing Test was 4.10 (SD = 1.25). The results showed that the sociodemographic variables (age, education, profession, region, and typology of urban areas) showed significant influence on Clock Drawing Test scores. The reliability and temporal stability of Clock Drawing Test proved appropriate. Conclusion: The data from our study indicate that the Clock Drawing Test may be used by the Portuguese population.

Leave a light on – Terracotta lamps from Agia Paraskevi of Arachamitai, from the Classical period until Roman times

This thesis deals with terracotta lamps found at the archaeological site of Agia Paraskevi of Arachamitai during the years 2010–2014. The research questions are: What kind of lamps were used on the site and when? For what purposes were the lamps used? Where were they manufactured? In order to address these questions, a total of fifty lamps have been chosen to form the body of research material. To answer the first research question, a typology for these lamps has been created with twenty-one types and one variant, after examining various lamp typologies and previous publications. The find contexts and distribution of the lamps are both examined to test the dates for the different lamp types gathered from other publications, and to answer the question on what purposes the lamps were used on the site. Visual observation of the clay of the lamps and information on clay materials from other sites are both examined to determine the lamps' origins. The lamps in this study date from the 5th century BC to the 2nd century AD. The find contexts allow the dating of the lamps according to the other publications, but suggestions of more site-specific dates are given to some lamps. The distribution of the lamps indicates that while most were used for everyday lighting at the sanctuary, some may have had ritual connections. Most of the lamps were manufactured locally or at a nearby Arcadian site. Few lamps can be regarded as imports.

Mapping social values of ecosystem services: What is behind the map?

A growing interest in mapping the social value of ecosystem services (ES) is not yet methodologically aligned with what is actually being mapped. We critically examine aspects of the social value mapping process that might influence map outcomes and limit their practical use in decision making. We rely on an empirical case of participatory mapping, for a single ES (recreation opportunities), which involves diverse stakeholders such as planners, researchers, and community representatives. Value elicitation relied on an individual open-ended interview and a mapping exercise. Interpretation of the narratives and GIS calculations of proximity, centrality, and dispersion helped in exploring the factors driving participants’ answers. Narratives reveal diverse value types. Whereas planners highlighted utilitarian and aesthetic values, the answers from researchers revealed naturalistic values as well. In turn community representatives acknowledged symbolic values. When remitted to the map, these values were constrained to statements toward a much narrower set of features of the physical (e.g., volcanoes) and built landscape (e.g., roads). The results suggest that mapping, as an instrumental approach toward social valuation, may capture only a subset of relevant assigned values. This outcome is the interplay between participants’ characteristics, including their acquaintance with the territory and their ability with maps, and the mapping procedure itself, including the proxies used to represent the ES and the value typology chosen, the elicitation question, the cartographic features displayed on the base map, and the spatial scale.