Catalogue of the works relative to the law of nations and diplomacy in the library of the Department of state, May 13, 1881.

Mode of access: Internet.

Pittsburgh reports : containing cases decided by the federal and state courts of Pennsylvania, chiefly at the city of Pittsburgh /

Includes indexes.

A compendium of the anatomy of the human body : intended principally for the use of students ... This edition is prefixed with A compendious history of anatomy, and The Ruyschian art and method of making preparations to exhibit the structure of the human body, illustrated with a representation of the quicksilver tray and its appendages, which is not in the London edition.

"A compendious history of anatomy" and "The Ruyschian art and method of making preparations to exhibit the structure of the human body" (32 p. at front of v. 1) are by Robert Hooper, and are reprinted, with slight changes in text, from his The anatomist's vade-mecum, 4th ed., London, 1802.

Proceedings of the ... annual convention of the New York State Dairymen's Association.

Description based on: 33rd (1909).

The Cooperative federal-state-local health statistics system.

"May 1973"--P. [2] of cover.

... Annual Report : of the New Jersey State Agricultural Experiment Station

Mode of access: Internet.

Annual report of the New York State College of Human Ecology.

Title from cover.

Cataloging as an asset; an address to the New York State Library School, May 1, 1915.

On cover: From G. K. Hall & Co. with all good wishes at Christmas MCMLXVIII.

The modern British state : an introduction to the study of civics /

Includes index.

The standard course of lessons and exercises in the tonic sol-fa method of teaching music (Founded on Miss Glover's "Scheme for rendering Psalmody Congregational," 1835) : with additional exercises /

Mode of access: Internet.

A summary view of the AFOSR solid state sciences program.

Mode of access: Internet.

Questionnaire survey of VDT operators at the New York State Departments of Motor Vehicles and Taxation and Finance /

Cover title.

The transform likelihood ratio method for rare event simulation with heavy tails

We present a novel method, called the transform likelihood ratio (TLR) method, for estimation of rare event probabilities with heavy-tailed distributions. Via a simple transformation ( change of variables) technique the TLR method reduces the original rare event probability estimation with heavy tail distributions to an equivalent one with light tail distributions. Once this transformation has been established we estimate the rare event probability via importance sampling, using the classical exponential change of measure or the standard likelihood ratio change of measure. In the latter case the importance sampling distribution is chosen from the same parametric family as the transformed distribution. We estimate the optimal parameter vector of the importance sampling distribution using the cross-entropy method. We prove the polynomial complexity of the TLR method for certain heavy-tailed models and demonstrate numerically its high efficiency for various heavy-tailed models previously thought to be intractable. We also show that the TLR method can be viewed as a universal tool in the sense that not only it provides a unified view for heavy-tailed simulation but also can be efficiently used in simulation with light-tailed distributions. We present extensive simulation results which support the efficiency of the TLR method.