LW-1型机器人重复位姿精度检测系统

本文介绍了一种非接触式（ＬＷ－１型）机器人重复位姿精度检测系统．该系统采用电涡流传感器作为位置信息传感器．以这种传感器的检测性能为基础，研究设计了相应的传感器测量结构、数学模型和坐标变换求解方法，使系统技术指标及使用性能达到了检测机器人重复位姿精度的实用要求．该系统具有鲁棒性强、设计合理、结构简单、造价低廉等特点，可以满足我国现阶段在机器人学研究和机器人开发应用方面的需求

柔性制造系统的负荷分配及路径规划方法

柔性是柔性制造系统（ＦＭＳ）的一个基本优点，但这一基本优点却往往被人们所忽视，许多现在运行的ＦＭＳ不是缺乏柔性，就是没能充分利用可获得的柔性来提高生产效率柔性制造系统的负荷分配和路径规划问题正是这种柔性的一个主要方面．然而，路径规划决策却往往被忽视．其中一个主要原因就是人们仍不能从传统的生产管理概念中解放出来．本文在明确概念区分的基础上，提出了一种柔性制造系统的负荷分配和路径规划的线性规划模型，其主要特点是将负荷分配和路径规划问题有机地结合起来，并通过仿真实验验证并分析了此方法对ＦＭＳ性能上的影响。

汉语四声的数学奥秘——频率变比3∶2

本论文采用音乐物理和数学方法揭示了汉语四声的奥秘——频率变比3∶2,这个比例被命名为“宝石配比”.这一发现为语音研究、语音教学以及计算机语音识别提供了一条重要的科学依据.

基于圆形标志点的全自动相机标定方法

相机标定是2D图像重建3D测度信息的关键步骤,也是一项耗时的任务,由于标定过程中经常需要人工寻找对应点。本文提出了一种基于圆形标志点的全自动相机标定方法。首先,在传统圆形标志点模板的基础上增设了5个方位圆。然后提出了新标定板下图像特征点的自动检测和匹配算法。匹配结果直接作为Zhang的算法的输入,从而计算出相机内外参数,避免了标定过程的人工干预。最终实验结果显示了所提方法在不同场景和光照条件下的自动性和正确性。

基于模糊多目标遗传算法的飞行器模拟件结构参数优化

空间飞行器模拟件的设计是一个具有约束的多目标多准则优化问题。本文在建立空间飞行器模拟件参数优化的数学模型的基础上,将模糊多目标决策理论用于飞行器模拟件的结构参数优化,提出了一种新的模糊评价指数。结构参数优化的结果已经用于某试验系统。

基于GIS的高速公路养护管理信息系统的设计与开发

China is experiencing a rapid development of highway ever since 1990s. By the end of 2004, the total length of the highway summed up to 33 thousand kilometers, ranking 2n in the world. After the open of highway, the accumulation of time and traffic causes the decrease of its capability. To ensure its good quality, security and operation functions, we should take some reasonable measures to maintain it periodically. At present, a big problem is that the traditional maintain measures can no longer meet the increasing requirements. Due to the characters of highway, the relationship of various maintenance data and geographic positions is even closer than any others. If we wan to improve the quality and efficiency of the maintenance work, particularly when there is need for decision-making, a great number of data that is related to geographic positions are absolutely necessary. Evidently, Geographical Information System (GIS) has incomparably advantages in dealing with these spatial information. As a result, a management system for highway maintenance work based on GIS became inevitable for the development of the maintenance of highway. The purpose of this paper is to establish a management system for highway maintenance work base on Geographical Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and spatial database, to manage all kinds of problems encountered in the work, and to provide support on information and methods. My study mainly includes: (1) Analysis on the current status of the maintenance and management work; overview on the history of domestic and international highway maintenance management systems; identifying the necessity and importance for establishing a management system for highway maintenance work based on GIS. (2) Based on the requirement analysis, I proposed a general design for this management system, and discussed the objective, design principles, framework, systematical structure and function design. (3) Outdoor data collection is not only a prime way to understand the current situation of the road, but also an important method for data update after the system is put into use. This paper also intends to establish a set of plan to collect data efficiently and precisely which is based on GIS and GPS technologies. (4) The maintenance management database is a supporting platform for various maintenance decision-makings. Such decisions need the support of a great amount of data, which would cause other problems, such as the diversity of the data source, difference of data formats. This paper also discussed how to deal with these problems and establish such a database. (5) To propose an approach to assess the condition of pavement, based on GIS and related maintenance models. Among all the maintenance models, the two for assessing and forecasting pavement condition are the most important and mature. This paper also analyzed these two models and introduced them in terms of the integration of models. (6) This paper took the Guangshen Highway for example, explaining how to realize a GIS for management of highway maintenance work.

遮挡范式下碰撞时间估计的特性研究

The estimation of Time to Collision (TTC) related to avoiding collisions or making interceptions is an important cognitive ability for individuals. A number of studies have been carried out on this topic and related theories are developed. One of the most famous theories is the τ Theory. Based on the τ Theory, researches have found that visual information and physical information of moving objects would influent the TTC estimation. Are there any other factors that can affect people’s TTC estimation? A mixed design was used to examine the TTC estimation by different types of participants (professional drivers / people can not drive), with different moving objects (car/tricycle), under different speed (slow/fast) and direction (left to right / right to left) in Occlusion Paradigm. There were 21 professional drivers and 20 individuals who cannot drive participated in the experiment which was displayed on a computer. Participants were asked to click the button when he/she believed that the moving object had just contacted the red line. E-prime was used to establish the whole experimental environment and the RT was recorded at the same time. The results revealed that: (1) there is significant different TTC estimation between car and tricycle; (2) the professional drivers have more accurate TTC estimation than people do not drive. We can come to conclusion that conceptual information and driving skill could affect TTC estimation.

2型糖尿病患者认知功能特点及相关影响因素研究

Objective: Type 2 diabetes patients’ performances of action memory , semantic memory and working memory and the related factors were explored. Methods: 60 Type 2 diabetes patients were compared with 60 age and gender and level of education matched non-diabetes controls. Mood were tested by SAS and SDS, MMSE was used to test the basic cognitive function, Trail Making Test A and B, Verbal fluency test, Go-No/Go test, and Stroop color-word test were used to investigate the executive function of Type 2 diabetes patients and normal controls (NC). Patients’ GLU, TG, TCH, HbA1c, insulin and Cp were tested and correlated with their action memory and working memory. Results: There was no difference between NC group and Type 2 diabetes patients in MMSE scores. There is depression and anxiety mood in Type 2 diabetes patients. Type 2 diabetes patients get lower score in action memory test. Comparing to NC group, Type 2 diabetes patients performed significantly worse in Trail Making Test A and B and verbal fluency test. In Stroop Test, NC group showed significant Stroop Effect and Repeated Distraction Promotion Effect and Negative Priming Effect. However, In Type 2 diabetes group, only the Stroop Effect appeared, but no Repeated Distraction Promotion Effect and Negative Priming Effect. There is no difference between Type 2 diabetes and NC in Stroop Effect. In Go-No/Go test, both of two groups showed significant Stroop Effect, however, there was no difference between them. And also there is no difference on error rate of all levels between them. The course of disease, GL, HbA1c, TG, TCH, INS and Cp affected action memory and working memory. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes patients’ action memory, semantic memory and working memory were partially impaired. Controlling the levels of GLU, TG and TCH can delay these kinds of impairment.

心算年老化的认知心理机制及功能磁共振成像研究

Mechanisms underlying cognitive psychology and cerebral physiological of mental arithmetic with increasing are were studied by using behavioral methods and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). I. Studies on mechanism underlying cognitive psychology of mental arithmetic with increasing age These studies were accomplished in 172 normal subjects ranging from 20 to 79 years of age with above 12 years of education (Mean = 1.51, SD = 1.5). Five mental arithmetic tasks, "1000-1", "1000-3", "1000-7", "1000-13", "1000-17", were designed with a serial calculation in which subjects sequentially subtracted the same prime number (1, 3, 7, 13, 17) from another number 1000. The variables studied were mental arithmetic, age, working memory, and sensory-motor speed, and four studies were conducted: (1) Aging process of mental arithmetic with different difficulties, (2) mechanism of aging of mental arithmetic processing. (3) effects of working memory and sensory-motor speed on aging process of mental arithmetic, (4) model of cognitive aging of mental arithmetic, with statistical methods such as MANOVA, hierarchical multiple regression, stepwise regression analysis, structural equation modelling (SEM). The results were indicated as following: Study 1: There was an obvious interaction between age and mental arithmetic, in which reaction time (RT) increased with advancing age and more difficult mental arithmetic, and mental arithmetic efficiency (the ratio of accuracy to RT) deceased with advancing age and more difficult mental arithmetic; Mental arithmetic efficiency with different difficulties decreased in power function: Study 2: There were two mediators (latent variables) in aging process of mental arithmetic, and age had an effect on mental arithmetic with different difficulties through the two mediators; Study 3: There were obvious interactions between age and working memory, working memory and mental arithmetic; Working memory and sensory-motor speed had effects on aging process of mental arithmetic, in which the effect of working memory on aging process of mental arithmetic was about 30-50%, and the effect of sensory-motor speed on aging process of mental arithmetic was above 35%. Study 4: Age, working memory, and sensory-motor speed had effects on two latent variables (factor 1 and factor 2), then had effects on mental arithmetic with different difficulties through factor 1 which was relative to memory component, and factor 2 which relative to speed component and had an effect on factor 1 significantly. II. Functional magnetic resonance imaging study on metal arithmetic with increasing age This study was accomplished in 14 normal right-handed subjects ranging from 20 to 29 (7 subjects) and 60 to 69 (7 subjects) years of age by using functional magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, a superconductive Signa Horizon 1.5T MRI system. Two mental arithmetic tasks, "1000-3" and "1000-17", were designed with a serial calculation in which subjects sequentially subtracted the same prime number (3 or 17) from another number 1000 silently, and controlling task, "1000-0", in which subjects continually rehearsed number 1000 silently, was regarded as baseline, based on current "baseline-task" OFF-ON subtraction pattern. Original data collected by fMRI apparatus, were analyzed off-line in SUN SPARC working station by using current STIMULATE software. The analytical steps were composed of within-subject analysis, in which brain activated images about mental arithmetic with two difficulties were obtained by using t-test, and between-subject analysis, in which features of brain activation about mental arithmetic with two difficulties, the relationship between left and right hemisphere during mental arithmetic, and age differences of brain activation in young and elderly adults were examined by using non-parameter Wilcoxon test. The results were as following:

印象形成中同化和对比效应研究

Impression formation is an important aspect of person perception and has important interpersonal consequences. There are assimilation and contrast effects in impression formation and is still considerable debate regarding the best way to account for them. This present research used trait-implying sentences as priming materials, trait inferences sever as self-generated primes, examined the effect of different trait knowledge in assimilation and contrast effects. Experiment 1 determined the priming and target stimuli of this research by pretest. In experiment 2, participants read trait-implying sentences and resulted in trait inference as self-generated primes, examined the influence of trait activation on impression formation. The results indicated that participants instructed to memorize trait-implying sentences showed assimilation effect, whereas participants instructed to form impression from trait-implying sentences showed contrast effect. Difference to previous studies that emphasized the impact of awareness of the prime in impression formation, this research paid attention to the impact of different trait knowledge that resulted from trait inference. Experiment 3 studied the influence of actor salience on impression formation. The results indicated that when trait-implying sentences that described actors with names and were accompanied with photos of the actors, participants showed contrast under both memorization and impression instructions. Experiment 4 studied the influence of attribution context on assimilation and contrasts. The results showed that contrast ensued when trait-implying sentences were accompanied with the information that suggested a person attribution, whereas assimilation ensued when that information suggested a situation attribution, independent of processing goals. Experiment 5 made a direct test of the effect of different trait knowledge in impression formation. The results discovered that when abstract trait concepts were activated they act as a general interpretation frame in encoding stage, whereas when specific actor-trait links were activated, the activated information is likely to be used as a comparative standard in judgment stage. All studied indicated that there are two types of activated trait knowledge in trait inference: abstract trait concepts versus specific actor-trait links. When trait inference activated abstract trait concepts, the activated information serves as interpretation frame and lead to assimilation effect during impression formation, when trait inference activated specific actor-trait links, the activated information is more likely to be used as a comparative standards and resulted in contrast effects. These findings have important implications for understanding the mechanism of impression formation and practical values for interpersonal communication.

大脑序列记忆信息的提取

The purpose of this study was to examine the cognitive and neural mechanism underlying the serial position effects using cognitive experiments and ERPs(the event related potentials), for 11 item lists in very short-term and the continuous-distractor paradigm with Chinese character. The results demonstrated that when the length of list was 11 Chinese character, and the presentation time, the item interval and the retention interval was 400ms, the primacy effect and recency effect belong to the associative memory and absolute memory respectively. The retrieval of the item at the primacy part depended mainly on the context cues, but the retrieval of the item at the recency part depended mainly on the memory trace. The same results was concluded in the continuous-distractor paradigm (the presentation time was 1sec, the item interval is 12sec, and the retention interval was 30sec). Cognitive results revealed the robust serial position effects in the continuous-distractor paradigm. The different retrieval process between items at the primacy part and items at the recency part of the serial position curve was found. The behavioral responses data of ERP illustrated that the responses for the prime and recent items differed neither in accuracy nor reaction time, the retrieval time for the items at the primacy part was longer than that for the items at the recency part. And the accuracy of retrieval for the primacy part item was lower than that for the recency part items. That meant the retrieval of primacy part items needed more cognitive processes. The recent items, compared with the prime items, evoked ERPs that were more positive, this enhanced positivity occurred in a positive component peaking around 360ms. And for the same retrieval direction (forward or backward), the significant positive component difference between the retrieval for prime items and the retrieval for recent items was found. But there was no significant difference between the forward and backward retrieval at both the primacy and recency part of the serial position curve. These revealed the two kind of retrieval (forward and backward) at the same part of the serial position curve belonged to the same property. These findings fit more closely with the notion of the distinct between the associative memory and the absolute memory.

Blair's Africa: The Politics of Securitization and Fear

Abrahamsen, R. (2005). Blair's Africa: The Politics of Securitization and Fear. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political. 30(1), pp.55-80 RAE2008

Kennedy, Johnson and NATO: Britain, America and the Dynamics of Alliance, 1962-68

Priest, Andrew, Kennedy, Johnson and NATO: Britain, America and the Dynamics of Alliance, 1962-68 (New York: Routledge, 2006), wpp.xiv+222 RAE2008

Total quality leadership : Employing organisational learning as a conduit

Oxtoby, B.; Morgan, R.; McGuinness, T.; and Jones, M. (2001). Total quality leadership: Employing organisational learning as a conduit. International Journal of Management. 18(2), pp.245-251 RAE2008

Recovering a lost inheritance : The marital economy and its absence from the Prehistory of Economics in Britain

Roberts, Michael. 'Recovering a lost inheritance: the marital economy and its absence from the Prehistory of Economics in Britain', in: 'The Marital Economy in Scandinavia and Britain 1400-1900', (Eds) Argen, Maria., Erickson, Amy Louise., Farnham: Ashgate, 2005, pp.239-256 RAE2008