Development of Mini Space Bioreactor System

微重力对空间细胞培养的影响规律一直是国际空间生物学的重点研究领域。而空间细胞培养技术和方法作为空间细胞生物学研究的基础，其概念性和原理性设计是正确区分重力对细胞的直接作用和间接作用的前提。另外，空间实验成本高昂，空间细胞培养装置的体积、重量、功耗是首要的制约因素。为保证充分物质交换，满足细胞代谢需求，同时尽可能降低由细胞供液形式产生的力学环境对细胞的影响，区分重力对细胞的直接作用和间接作用，我们研制了逆流片层式微型细胞培养装置。实验表明为使培养液流动对细胞生长影响最小，流动剪切应变率应小于1s-1。通过理论计算分析的逆流片层式微型细胞培养装培养室内流场及流动剪切范围表明，该装置可以满足要求。通过实验检测细胞培养时的氧耗、糖耗等，可以确定不同种类细胞的培养液流量范围。培养室内采用经表面改性的聚合物网架作为细胞载体，使得培养空间得到充分利用，并利于操作。从而为空间细胞培养研究提供了一种新的技术手段。

The Development of Biosensor with Imaging Ellipsometry

The concept of biosensor with imaging ellipsometry was proposed about ten years ago. It has become an automatic analysis technique for protein detection with merits of label-free, multi-protein analysis, and real-time analysis for protein interaction process, etc. Its principle, andrelated technique units, such as micro-array, micro-fluidic and bio-molecule interaction cell, sampling unit and calibration for quantitative detection as well as its applications in biomedicine field are presented here.

Development of a Cell Size Relaxed Scheme for the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Method

The conventional direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method has a strong restriction on the cell size because simulated particles are selected randomly within the cell for collisions. Cells with size larger than the molecular mean free path are generally not allowed in correct DSMC simulations. However, the cell-size induced numerical error can be controlled if the gradients of flow properties are properly involved during collisions. In this study, a large cell DSMC scheme is proposed to relax the cell size restriction. The scheme is applied to simulate several test problems and promising results are obtained even when the cell size is greater than 10 mean free paths of gas molecules. However, it is still necessary, of course, that the cell size be small with respect to the flow field structures that must be resolved.

Review of selected organisational IDs and development of use cases for the Jisc CASRAI-UK Organisational Identifiers Working Group

This project aimed to investigate and review candidates for providing an authoritative, widely used unique identifier for organisations involved in research in the UK. Specifically, we undertook to: ● clarify a representative but not comprehensive set of use cases for the UK research community to use organisational identifiers (orgIDs); ● survey and interview a small number of well-informed people in the field in order to create and prioritise a list of desirable features for the provision of orgIDs and potential services built around them; ● check the use cases and these required features against four possible candidate orgIDs and their providers; ● inform the Working Group of our conclusions and, if appropriate, make recommendations for adoption by the UK research community.

Livelihood analysis and development of a planning support for the poor in aquaculture and aquatic resource management. Workshop proceedings. 13-15 February 2001, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam

The workshop was organized to understand and describe the livelihoods of poor people who manage aquatic resources for planning support. The purpose was to support field workers to carry out livelihood analysis and how to use this information. (PDF contains 13 pages)

Development of kelp rockfish, Sebastes atrovirens (Jordan and Gilbert 1880), and brown rockfish, S. auriculatus (Girard 1854), from birth to pelagic juvenile stage, with notes on early larval development of black-and-yellow rockfish, S. chrysomelas (Jordan and Gilbert 1880), reared in the laboratory (Pisces: Sebastidae).

Larval kelp (Sebastes atrovirens), brown (S. auriculatus), and blackand-yellow (S. chrysomelas) rockfish were reared from known adults, to preflexion stage, nine days after birth for S. chrysomelas, to late postflexion stage for S. atrovirens, and to pelagic juvenile stage for S. auriculatus. Larval S. atrovirens and S. chrysomelas were about 4.6 mm body length (BL) and S. auriculatus about 5.2 mm BL at birth. Both S. atrovirens and S. auriculatus underwent notochord flexion at about 6–9 mm BL. Sebastes atrovirens transform to the pelagic juvenile stage at about 14–16 mm BL and S. auriculatus transformed at ca. 25 mm BL. Early larvae of all three species were characterized by melanistic pigment dorsally on the head, on the gut, on most of the ventral margin of the tail, and in a long series on the dorsal margin of the tail. Larval S. atrovirens and S. auriculatus developed a posterior bar on the tail during the flexion or postflexion stage. In S. atrovirens xanthic pigment resembled the melanistic pattern throughout larval development. Larval S. auriculatus lacked xanthophores except on the head until late preflexion stage, when a pattern much like the melanophore pattern gradually developed. Larval S. chrysomelas had extensive xanthic pigmentation dorsally, but none ventrally, in preflexion stage. All members of the Sebastes subgenus Pteropodus (S. atrovirens, S. auriculatus, S. carnatus, S. caurinus, S. chrysomelas, S. dalli, S. maliger, S. nebulosus, S. rastrelliger) are morphologically similar and all share the basic melanistic pigment pattern described here. Although the three species reared in this study can be distinguished on the basis of xanthic pigmentation, it seems unlikely that it will be possible to reliably identify field-collected larvae to species using traditional morphological and melanistic pigmentation characters. (PDF file contains 36 pages.)

Colonization and development of Oribatida mite communities (Acari: Oribatida) in the forest reclaimed limestone mine dumps

In order to study the colonization and development of moss mites (Oribatida) communities in a Scots pine forest of a reclaimed limestone mine dump in Northern Poland, 3 plots from the dump were chosen. The selected plots differed in age, 5 years old, 35 and 50 years old. From a total of 30 samples 499 mites (Acari) were extracted in Tullgren funnel from which 262 were Oribatida. Abundance (N) was analyzed in all mites and after determining the species of both, juvenile and adult stages of oribatids, the following indices were analyzed: Abundance (N), Dominance (D), Species diversity (S), Species richness (s) and Shannon’s diversity index (H). Regarding to the results obtained; oribatid mites were dominant with the highest abundance in all assemblages (Plot 1: 139 Oribatida /299 Acari. Plot 2: 40/55 and Plot 3: 83/145). Tectocepheus velatus showed a very high dominance (45,99%) in plot 1; the highest value for Shannon’s diversity index belonged to plot 3. On the other hand, juvenile’s percentage was significantly higher than adult’s percentage, especially at plot 2 (95,02%). These results made us to conclude that the high abundance of oribatids in the youngest forest is due to T. velatus’s high abundance and that plot 3 is the best habitat for mites. Finally, the high occurrence of juvenile stages requires keeping on studying the area.

Development of hexagrammids (Pisces: Scorpaeniformes) in the northeastern Pacific Ocean

Larvae of Oxylebius pictus, Zaniolepis sp., Ophiodon elongatus, Hexagrommos stelleri, H. decagrammus, H. lagocephalus, H. octogrammus, and Pleurogrammus monopterygius are described and illustrated from field collections which were supplemented by laboratory reared specimens of some species. Larvae hatch at a rather large size (3-9 mm), are heavily pigmented, and undergo direct development to an epipelagic prejuvenile stage. Larvae or the five genera are separable on the basis of body shape, pigmentation, and meristic characters. Larvae or the four species of Hexagrammos, which are quite similar in appearance, are separable on the basis of a combination of several pigmentation characters. Developmental evidence indicates that Oxylebius and Zaniolepis are similar to each other and are more similar to presumed primitive coUids than the other included genera. Ophiodon is dissimilar to the other four genera. Pleurogrammus and Hexagrommos have similar appearing larvae. Among the species of Hexagrammos a progression or increasing larval pigmentation can be seen from H. stelleri to H. decagrammus, H. lagocephalus, and H. octogrammus. (PDF file contains 50 pages.)

Water quality assessment and characterisation of chlorophyll-a variability related to river discharges, within the southeastern Bay of Biscay : evaluation and development of chlorophyll-a algorithms for MODIS and MERIS imagery

222 p. : il.