Baobab: uma fonte natural de vitamina C

Introdução: As vitaminas distinguem-se de outros constituintes dietéticos por, em quantidades mínimas, beneficiarem diversos processos metabólicos. A vitamina C (ácido L-ascórbico), presente em frutas e legumes, é fundamental para a nutrição humana, por ser um antioxidante natural. No entanto, os teores do ácido L-ascórbico, principal forma biologicamente ativa desta vitamina, decrescem significativamente ao longo do amadurecimento dos alimentos. O conhecimento da composição nutricional e fitoquímica de frutos exóticos, caso da múcua (Baobab), pode dar a conhecer novas fontes de bioativos e permitir a sua valorização, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade social e económica da região de origem. Objetivos: Análise quantitativa do teor total de vitamina C da polpa do fruto da Adansonia digitata L., conhecida Baobab, espécie nativa de África. Métodos: O teor de ácido ascórbico foi determinado por HPLC-DAD, segundo um método previamente validado. 2 g de amostra foram adicionados a 12 mL de solução estabilizadora (ácido perclórico 10%, v/v) + ácido metafosfórico 1%, p/v). Para a determinação do teor de vitamina C total, utilizou-se tris(2-carboxietil) fosfina (5 mM). O teor de ácido desidroascórbico (forma biologicamente menos ativa) foi determinado por diferença. Resultados: O teor total de vitamina C foi de 26,1 mg/100 g, sendo 22,8 mg/100 g de ácido L-ascórbico e 3,33 mg/100 g de ácido desidroascórbico. Embora estes valores sejam significativamente inferiores aos descritos na laranja (49,1 mg/100 g) e no kiwi (55,2 mg/100 g), este fruto tem um período de conservação substancialmente maior. Atendendo aos seus teores reduzidos de humidade, o Baobab pode ser uma alternativa natural rica em antioxidantes. Conclusões: Este estudo salienta o potencial efeito antioxidante de uma fruta tropical pouco estudada e apenas consumida pela população local. A estabilidade do teor de ácido L-ascórbico observada no Baobab promove novas perspetivas de exploração e utilização de recursos naturais, no âmbito das ciências da nutrição.

VITAMIN “A” FOOD CONSUMPTION BY PREGNANT WOMEN IN BRAZIL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the Vitamin “A” food consumption by pregnant women in Brazil. Methods: The review consisted of a search for articles published in the period from 1999 to 2015 in SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS databases. At the end, eight articles were selected for this review. Results: The methods used for the analysis of the intake of vitamin “A” were: food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) – considering the diet or only vitamin “A” foods and the dietary recall (24hDR). Only two articles estimated the adequacy of the Vitamin “A” food consumption by the population assessed. Some methodological limitations were quite frequent, emphasizing the lack and/or limitation of information on the sample representativeness, loss of studies, accuracy of the methods applied and the control of confounding variables. Conclusion: It is observed that there are still few studies that critically assess the Vitamin “A” food consumption by pregnant women in Brazil, and that the identification and control of possible biases of the dietary surveys can improve the reliability of the information found.

Influência da alimentação sobre os níveis de retinol no leite caprino

The caprine milk is a product of high biological value and high digestibility. Due to these characteristics it is quite used by newly born children that are not breastfed or that are intolerant to the bovine milk. The vitamin deficiency is a public health problem in underdeveloped areas as the Northeast of Brazil and where areas the caprine ones adapt very well. The present study was led to analyze the influence of the feeding in the vitamin levels in the caprine milk. The animals used were the races Saanen and Murciana, divided in three groups. The first group with 38 animals of race Saanen and the second with 30 animals of race Murciana were, fed with concentrated and voluminous. A third group with 20 animals of the race Saanen was fed exclusively with voluminous. The four group was added with 10. 000 UI of retinol palmitato, administered directly, like capsule, in the mouth of animal. Parallel it was verified the level of retinol of milk in the beginning and final of the sucked, in the goats of the second group (race Murciana n =30). The retinol of caprine milk was determined through the system of liquid cromatografia of high efficiency (HPLC). The retinol levels in the studied groups were respectively: first (38. 5 ± 12. 7 μg/100ml), second (40. 5 ± 9. 7 μg/100ml); third, with 20 animals of race Saanen fed exclusively with voluminous (23. 1 ± 6. 7 μg/100ml) and in the group a, suplementation with 10. 000 UI of retinol palmitato (43,7 ± 18,8 μg/100ml) before, and (61,9 ± 26,9 μg/100ml) after the supplementation. It was not found significant difference between the averages from animals of the first and second group, that were fed with the same concentrate diet and voluminous, showing that the retinol levels in the milk of these two races are equivalent. Already in the animals of the first and third group that they were fed with different diets, in those which diet was just voluminous, a drastic reduction was verified in the retinol levels. In relation to the retinol of the milk in different moments from the same sucked, it was observed in the beginning of the breast-feeding (22. 6 ± 9. 8 μg/100ml) and at the end of the sucked (49. 6 ± 14. 7μg/100ml), being the difference between the averages, statistically significant (p < 0,0001). Already in the animals that were supplemented, a significant increase was observed in the retinol concentration, being obtained a medium response of 41,85%

Avaliação da suplementação materna com megadose de vitamina A sobre os níveis de retinol e alfa-tocoferol no colostro

The vitamins A and E are recognizably important in the initial stages of life and the newborn depends on nutritional adequacy of breast milk to meet their needs. These vitamins share routes of transport to the tissues and antagonistic effects have been observed in animals after supplementation with vitamin A. This study aimed to verify the effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin A megadose (200,000 UI) in the immediate post-partum on the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum. Healthy parturient women attended at a public maternity natalensis were recruited for the study and divided into two groups: control (n = 37) and supplemented (n = 36). Blood samples of colostrum and milk were collected until 12 hours after delivery. The women of the supplemented group was administered a retynil palmitate capsule and 24 hours after the first collection was obtained the 2nd sample of colostrum in two groups for analysis of retinol and alpha-tocopherol in milk. The mean retinol concentration of 50,7 ± 14,4 μg/dL (Mean ± standard deviation) and alpha-tocopherol of 1217.4 ± 959 mg/dL in the serum indicate the nutritional status biochemical appropriate. Supplementation with retynil palmitate resulted in increase not only retinol levels in the colostrum of the supplemented group (p = 0.002), but also the concentration of alpha-tocopherol (p = 0.04), changing from 1456.6 ± 1095.8 mg/dL to 1804.3 ± 1432.0 mg/dL (milk 0 and 24 respectively) compared to values in the control group, 984.6 ± 750.0 mg/dL and 1175.0 ± 730.8 mg/dL. The women had different responses to supplementation, influenced by baseline levels of retinol in colostrum. Those with previous by low levels of retinol in colostrum (<60 mg/dL) had increased the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in milk, whereas those with adequate levels (> 60 mg/dL), showed a reduction after supplementation. Supplementation with retinol palmitate is an important intervention in situations of high risk for vitamin A deficiency, when considering the need to maternal supplementation, since the excess vitamin can offer unfavorable interactions between nutrients essential for the mother-child group

Influência do estado nutricional materno em vitamina A sobre os níveis de imunoglobulina A no colostro humano

Mothers with good vitamin A nutritional status during gestation and lactation are better able to nourish and protect their infant with maternal milk. Our hypothesis is that women with more serum retinol have more retinol and secretory immunoglobulin A in colostrum. 190 healthy puerperal women from a Brazilian public maternity were recruited and divided according to the cutoff point for serum retinol (30 μg/dL). A number of the women was supplemented with 200000 UI (60 mg) of retinyl palmitate in the immediate postpartum. Serum and colostrum were collected on the 1st day postpartum and colostrum again on the following day. Retinol (serum and colostrum) was analyzed by HPLC and SIgA (colostrum) by turbidimetry. The mothers presented with adequate biochemical indicators of nutritional status, according to serum retinol (44.6 μg/dL). There were significant differences (p= 0.0017 and p= 0.043, respectively) in retinol and SIgA levels in the colostrum of mothers with serum retinol > 30 μg/dL and < 30 μg/dL. The concentration of SIgA in the colostrum of non-supplemented mothers on the 1st day postpartum was 822.6 mg/dL, decreasing after 24 hours to 343.7 mg/dL. Supplemented mothers showed levels of SIgA in colostrum of 498.9 mg/dL on the 2nd day postpartum (p= 0.00006). The colostrum of women with good vitamin A nutritional status had more retinol and SIgA. Additionally, maternal supplementation increases the levels of SIgA in colostrum. The higher levels of SIgA on the 1st day postpartum showed the importance of early breastfeeding, given that it provides considerable immunological benefits to newborn infants

Papel protector de la dieta Mediterránea sobre el Índice de Hígado Graso. Estudio PREDIMED-Málaga

ANTECEDENTES La dieta Mediterránea está asociada con una disminución en la prevalencia del síndrome metabólico donde el hígado graso es el componente hepático. No obstante, los efectos de esta dieta sobre las enzimas hepáticas y el hígado graso apenas están explorados, es más, los mecanismos subyacentes en relación con el hígado graso y una dieta Mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva o frutos secos no han sido aún estudiados. El Índice de Hígado Graso (FLI, Fatty Liver Index), ha sido desarrollado como una herramienta predictiva simple y eficaz de hígado graso no alcohólico (HGNA) utilizado en diferentes estudios. OBJETIVO Analizar el efecto sobre el Índice de Hígado Graso, de una intervención con dieta Mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva virgen extra o con frutos secos frente a un grupo control con una dieta baja en grasas, dentro del ensayo PREDIMED- Málaga. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO Se analizaron los datos de los participantes del ensayo PREDIMED-Málaga, hombres (55-80 años) y mujeres (60-80 años), libres de enfermedad cardiovascular al inicio, pero con alto riesgo de desarrollarla. PREDIMED-Málaga es un ensayo aleatorizado de 6 años de duración con tres brazos de intervención (1grupo control con dieta baja en grasa y 2 grupos con dieta Mediterránea, uno suplementado con aceite de oliva virgen extra y otro con frutos secos). Al inicio, al año y a los 3, 5 y 6 años se les realizó mediciones antropométricas y toma de muestras de sangre para calcular el FLI. Se usaron modelos lineales mixtos para explorar los efectos fijos de los 3 grupos de intervención sobre el FLI, y sus interacciones con el tiempo. RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 276 participantes con datos de FLI al inicio y al menos con dos mediciones más de seguimiento. La edad media de los participantes fue de 67 años, y el 66 % eran mujeres. La prevalencia basal de HGNA estimado (FLI≥60) fue del 57%. El cambio del Índice de Hígado Graso en el grupo control aumentó de forma significativa con el tiempo, con 1,13±0,41 puntos al año (p=0,006). En el grupo de dieta Mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva virgen extra, la evolución temporal del cambio del FLI fue similar al grupo control aunque se mantiene -3,90±1,9 puntos más bajo que el grupo control (p=0,038). En el grupo suplementado con frutos secos la evolución fue significativamente menor que la del grupo control (-1,63±0,62; p=0,009). En el grupo de dieta Mediterránea enriquecida con frutos secos la evolución del cambio del IMC fue 0,100 puntos menor al año en comparación con el grupo control (p=0,004). En el grupo de control, el cambio del perímetro de cintura aumentó significativamente con el tiempo (0,61±0,16 cm/año; p<0,001) en contraste con el grupo suplementado con aceite de oliva virgen extra que permaneció estable frente al control (-0,51±0,22; p=0,019). CONCLUSIONES Los resultados del presente estudio sugieren que una intervención con dieta Mediterránea podría retrasar o enlentecer la progresión natural del hígado graso, del índice de masa corporal y del perímetro de cintura en individuos con alto riesgo cardiovascular, y por lo tanto, ser una estrategia útil en la prevención y el tratamiento del mismo. No obstante, se necesitan estudios que ayuden a corroborar las conclusiones obtenidas sobre el Índice del Hígado Graso mediante pruebas diagnósticas más objetivas de hígado graso no alcohólico

Estado nutricional e efeito da vitamina A na resposta imune frente à infecção por Leishmania Infantum

Nutritional status is an important determinant to the response against Leishmania infection, although few studies have characterized the molecular basis for the association found between malnutrition and the disease. Vitamin A supplementation has long been used in developing countries to prevent mortality by diarrheal and respiratory diseases, but there are no studies on the role of vitamin A in Leishmania infection, although we and others have found vitamin A deficiency in visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Regulatory T cells are induced in vitro by vitamin A metabolites and are considered important cells implicated T CD4+ cell suppression in human VL. This work aimed to examine the correlation of nutritional status and the effect of vitamin A in the response against Leishmania infantum infection. A total of 179 children were studied: 31 had active VL, 33 VL history, 44 were DTH+ and 71 were DTH- and had negative antibody to Leishmania (DTH-/Ac-). Peripheral blood monuclear cells were isolated in a subgroup of 10 active VL and 16 DTH-/Ac- children and cultivated for 20h under 5 different conditions: 1) Medium, 2) Soluble promastigote L. infantum antigens (SLA), 3) All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), 4) SLA + ATRA and 5) Concanavalin A. T CD4+CD25highFoxp3+, T CD4+CD25-Foxp3- and CD14+ monocytes were stained and studied by flow cytometry for IL-10, TGF-β and IL-17 production. Nutritional status was compromised in VL children, which presented lower BMI/Age and retinol concentrations when compared to healthy controls. We found a negative correlation between nutritional status (measured by BMI/Age and serum retinol) and anti-Leishmania antibodies and acute phase proteins. There was no correlation between nutritional status and parasite load. ATRA presented a dual effect in Treg cells and monocytes: In healthy children (DTH-/Ac-), it induced a regulatory response, increasing IL-10 and TGF-β production; in VL children it modulated the immune response, preventing increased IL-10 production after SLA stimulation. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between BMI/Age and IL-17 production and negative correlation between serum retinol and IL-10 and TGF-β production in T CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ cells after SLA stimulus. Our results show a potential dual role of vitamin A in the immune system: improvement of regulatory profile during homeostasis and down modulation of IL-10 in Treg cells and monocytes during symptomatic VL. Therefore, the use of vitamin A concomitant to VL therapy might improve recovery from disease status in Leishmania infantum infection

Dieta del “curil” Anadara tuberculosa (Sowerby, 1833) a partir del análisis de contenido estomacal e intestinal, en Bahía de Jiquilisco, Departamento de Usulután, El Salvador

En la costa de El Salvador, el “curil” (Anadara tuberculosa), constituyen una fuente importante de alimento, empleo y beneficios económicos para las personas que habitan en las cercanías de zonas costeras y estuarinas del país. Aunque ésta especie es reproducida artificialmente en el laboratorio de la Estación Acuícola de Producción de Moluscos de Puerto el Triunfo, Usulután, no existe información específica acerca de sus hábitos alimenticios en su hábitat natural para la región centroamericana. Por lo cual, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la composición específica de su dieta, a través del contenido estomacal e intestinal durante los meses de septiembre 2013 a enero 2014 en cuatro sitios de la Bahía de Jiquilisco, El Chile (EC), EL Jobal (EJ), Boca Los Lagartos (BL) e Isla Magueyal (IM). Se analizaron un total de 540 tractos digestivos de Anadara tuberculosa, obteniendo un total de 30,328 ítems alimenticios, en su mayoría correspondientes a 37 especies de diatomeas (95,91%), principalmente por los géneros Thalassiosira plicata (12,78%), Diploneis smithii (9,21%), Diploneis gruendleri (7,59%), Thalassiosira sp. (5,0%), Thalassionema nitzchioides (4,91%). Además, se aplicaron los índices de Levins (Bi=0,42) y Shannon-Wiener (H’=3,24), para amplitud y diversidad de dieta, respectivamente, indicando que esta especie se tipifica como especialista, debido a que presenta un espectro trófico diverso, dominado por pocas especies. Así mismo, se realizó un traslape de dieta de Morisita-Horn, en cuanto a rangos de tallas establecidos (menores de 4 cm, 4-5 cm y mayores de 5 cm), encontrando valores de Cλ=0,50 a 0,90, evidenciando que existe un traslape medio-alto en las especies filtradas por las diferentes tallas; así como también, para los sitios de muestreo se estimaron los índices de similitudes de Jaccard (Ij= 0,63-0,82) y Sorensen (Is= 0,72-0,90) indicando que no existen diferencias significativas en cuanto a los ítems alimenticios encontrados en los tractos digestivos de A. tuberculosa para la Bahía de Jiquilisco.

Efeito do teor proteico da dieta na digestibilidade da bolota em porcos alentejanos

O objectivo do presente ensaio é avaliar o efeito do teor proteico da dieta na digestibilidade da bolota em porcos Alentejanos. Para tal, nove animais foram seccionados e colocados em caixas metabólicas onde as dietas foram distribuídas aleatoriamente, segundo o Modelo de Quadrado Latino 3 x 3. O ensaio in vivo foi assim dividido em três períodos, durante os quais se recolheram amostras de alimento, refugos fezes e urina para posterior análise em laboratório. Foi determinada a composição química do alimento e calculada a digestibilidade e balanço de azoto dos três tratamentos. Também foi determinado o conteúdo em compostos fenólicos e taninos da bolota pelo método do Folin­ Ciocalteu, taninos condensados pelo método do Butanol-HCl e a capacidade complexante dos taninos pelo método da Difusão Radial. Devido à reduzida capacidade de os taninos complexarem as proteínas e à baixa ingestão da luzerna não foi possível verificar diferenças na proteína ingerida entre os tratamentos testados. ABSTRACT; The aim of present experiment is to evaluate the effect of protein content in diet digestibility of oak acorn in Alentejano pigs. For that, nine animals were selected and housed in metabolic cages where diets were given randomly, in a Latin Square model3 x 3. The in vivo experiment was divided in three periods, during which were collected feed, refusals, feces and urine samples for subsequent laboratory analyses. Chemical feed composition was determinate and calculated the digestibility and nitrogen balance in three treatments. It was also determinate the amount of phenolic compounds and tannins on oak acorn by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, condensed tannins by Butanol-HCl assay and the availability to form complex with protein by Radial Diffusion assay. It was observed a reduced availability of tannins to bind proteins and a low Lucerne intake, so it wasn't possible to verify differences on protein intake, between tested treatments.

Efeitos do extrato de Rhynchelytrum Repens em modelo murino de obesidade e hiperglicemia induzidas por dieta hiperlipídica

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2015.

Avaliação do retinol em parturientes com diabetes mellitus gestacional no pós parto imediato

Micronutrient deficiencies affect individuals mainly in developing countries, where vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem worldwide more worrying, especially in groups with increased physiological needs such as children and women of reproductive age. Vitamin A is supplied to the body through diet and has an important role in the visual process, cell differentiation, maintenance of epithelial tissue, reproductive and resistance to infection. The literature has demonstrated the relationship between vitamin A and diabetes, including gestational, leading to a risk to both mother and child. Gestational diabetes is any decrease in glucose tolerance of variable magnitude diagnosed each the first time during pregnancy, and may or may not persist after delivery. Insulin resistance during pregnancy is associated with placental hormones, as well as excess fat. Studies have shown that retinol transport protein produced in adipose tissue in high concentrations, this would be associated with resistance by interfering with insulin signaling. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the concentration of retinol in serum and colostrum from healthy and diabetic mothers in the immediate postpartum period. One hundred and nine parturient women were recruited, representing seventy-three healthy and thirty-six diabetic. Retinol was extracted and subsequently analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Among the results highlights the mothers with gestational diabetes were older than mothers healthy, had more children and a higher prevalence of cases of cesarean section. Fetal macrosomia was present in 1.4% of healthy parturient women and in 22.2% of diabetic mothers. The maternal serum retinol showed an average of 39.7 ± 12.5 mg/dL for healthy parturients 35.12 ± 15 mg/dL for diabetic and showed no statistical difference. It was observed that in the group of diabetic had 17% vitamin A deficiency, whereas in the healthy group, only 4% of the women were deficentes. Colostrum, the concentration of retinol in healthy was 131.3 ± 56.2 mg/dL and 125.3 ± 41.9 mg/dL in diabetic did not differ statistically. This concentration of retinol found in colostrum provides approximately 656.5 mg/day for infants born to healthy mothers and 626.5 mg/day for infants of diabetic mothers, based on a daily consumption of 500 mL of breast milk and need Vitamin A 400 mg/day, thus reaching the requirement of the infant. The diabetic mothers showed significant risk factors and complications related to gestational diabetes. Although no 11 difference was found in serum retinol concentration and colostrum among women with and without gestational diabetes, the individual analysis shows that parturients women with diabetes are 4.9 times more likely to develop vitamin A deficiency than healthy parturients. However, the supply of vitamin A to the newborn was not committed in the presence of gestational diabetes

Avaliação da suplementação com vitamina E, na forma natural ou sintética, em mulheres no pós-parto imediato e sua concentração no colostro

The Vitamin E consists of eight chemically homologous forms, designated alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols and tocotrienols. Biologically, the alpha-tocopherol (α-TOH) is the most important. Commercially, are found two types of α-TOH a natural (RRR-alpha-tocopherol) and another synthetic (all-rac-alpha-tocopherol). Both forms are absorbed in the intestine, the liver is a preference in favor of forms 2R, due to transfer protein α-TOH. It has higher affinity to these stereoisomers. Newborns are considered high risk for vitamin E deficiency, mainly premature, these have breast milk as a food source for maintenance of serum α-TOH. Clinical signs such as thrombocytosis, hemolytic anemia, retrolental fibroplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and spinocerebellar degeneration can be found in case of a low intake of α-TOH. Thus, maternal supplementation on postpartum with α-TOH can be an efficient way to increase levels of vitamin E in breast milk and thus the consequently increase the supply of micronutrient for the newborn. However, most studies with vitamin E supplementation have been conducted in animals and little is known about the effect of maternal supplementation in humans, as well as on its efficiency to increase levels of α-TOH in human milk, depending on the shape natural or synthetic. The study included 109 women, divided into three groups: control without supplementation (GC) (n=36), supplemented with natural capsule (GNAT) (n=40) and the synthetic capsule (GSINT) (n=33). Blood samples were collected for determination of maternal nutritional status, and colostrums at initial contact and after 24 hours post-supplementation. Analyses were performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Values of α-TOH in serum below 499.6mg/dL were considered deficient. We used the Kruskal-Wallis test and Tukey test to confirm the increase of alpha-tocopherol in milk and efficiency of administered capsules. Daily consumption of α-TOH was based on daily intake of 500 mL of colostrum by the newborn and compared with the nutritional requirement for children from 0 to 6 months of age, 4 mg / day. The mothers had mean concentration of serum α-TOH in 1016 ± 52, 1236 ± 51 and 1083 ± 61 mg / dL, in CG, GNAT and GSINT respectively. There were no women with deficiiency. The GC did not change the concentrations of α-TOH in colostrum. While women supplemented with natural and synthetic forms increased concentrations of α-TOH colostrum in 57.6% and 39%, respectively. By comparing supplemented groups, it was observed a significant difference (p=0.04), the natural capsule more efficient than the synthetic, approximately 49.6%. Individually, 21.1% of the women provided below 4mg/day of α-TOH, after supplementation for this index declined4.1%. Thus, maternal supplementation postpartum raised the levels of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum, and increased efficiency was observed with the natural form

Efeitos da dieta hipoprotéica na formação e composição de estruturas dentárias: estudo experimental em ratos Wistar

Protein and caloric malnutrition has been considered one of the most concerned endemic diseases in Brazil and in the world. It has been known that depletion or reduction of proteins as far as meals are concerned can steer irreversible damages upon several organic systems. This study had as aim evaluate the effects the low-protein diet had over the formation and composition of the teeth components. 18 females and 6 males were used for the experiment. 12 from the 18 females had undertaken the low-protein diet (DH) for 03 weeks and the other 6, which remained, and those males had undertaken a controlled diet (DC) for the same period. All animals had the diets during their mating, pregnancy and lactation cycle. As soon as the offsprings had been born, 10 young males and females of each group faced a disease hood analysis to check the teeth germs of their lower fore teeth. The rest of the group had their lactation cycle normally 60 days. Then they were put to death and had their lower fore teeth removed both to be analyzed through a scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) of the structure alterations and to have their calcium checked by an atomic absorption of the phosphorus vanadate-molibdate method and by other minerals EDX method. The animals livers were removed to have their hepatic proteins analyzed as well. The histopatologic study showed that at first day of birth, all animals had their lower fore teeth come out. It was verified that 90% of the animals teeth were in an apposition and calcification period and it was possible to observe the dentin formation from 60% of the 90% already mentioned. Through the SEM method it could be realized that 90% of the animals of the DH group had their lower fore teeth easily broken and no definite shape. In this same group itself, it was also observed long micro fissures 369,66 nm ± 3,45 while the DC group had fissures of 174 nm ± 5,72. Now regarding the calcium and phosphorus concentration, it could be noticed that there was a great reduction of these components and other minerals in the DH group. Almost all minerals, except for the Cl and K, presented higher levels in the DC group enamel.The reduction of the protein input greatly influenced the offsprings´ weight and height. However the hepatic proteins had no important difference between the groups what can make one believe that those animals suffered from protein malnutrition of marasmic kind