An investigation of IAQ, thermal comfort and Sick Building Syndrome symptoms in UK energy efficient homes

Purpose
– Concern of the deterioration of indoor environmental quality as a result of energy efficient building design strategies is growing. Apprehensions of the effect of airtight, super insulated envelopes, the reduction of infiltration, and the reliance on mechanical systems to provide adequate ventilation (air supply) is promoting emerging new research in this field. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort investigation in UK energy efficient homes, through a case study investigation.

Design/methodology/approach
– The case study dwellings consisted of a row of six new-build homes which utilize mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) systems, are built to an average airtightness of 2m3/m2/hr at 50 Pascal’s, and constructed without a central heating system. Physical IAQ measurements and occupant interviews were conducted during the summer and winter months over a 24-hour period, to gain information on occupant activities, perception of the interior environment, building-related health and building use.

Findings
– The results suggest inadequate IAQ and perceived thermal comfort, insufficient use of purge ventilation, presence of fungal growth, significant variances in heating patterns, occurrence of sick building syndrome symptoms and issues with the MVHR system.

Practical implications
– The findings will provide relevant data on the applicability of airtight, mechanically ventilated homes in a UK climate, with particular reference to IAQ.

Originality/value
– IAQ data of this nature is essentially lacking, particularly in the UK context. The findings will aid the development of effective sustainable design strategies that are appropriate to localized climatic conditions and sensitive to the health of building occupants.

Rocking behaviour of multi-block columns subjected to pulse-type ground motion accelerations

Ancient columns, made with a variety of materials such as marble, granite, stone or masonry are an important part of the
European cultural heritage. In particular columns of ancient temples in Greece and Sicily which support only the architrave are
characterized by small axial load values. This feature together with the slenderness typical of these structural members clearly
highlights as the evaluation of the rocking behaviour is a key aspect of their safety assessment and maintenance. It has to be noted
that the rocking response of rectangular cross-sectional columns modelled as monolithic rigid elements, has been widely investigated
since the first theoretical study carried out by Housner (1963). However, the assumption of monolithic member, although being
widely used and accepted for practical engineering applications, is not valid for more complex systems such as multi-block columns
made of stacked stone blocks, with or without mortar beds. In these cases, in fact, a correct analysis of the system should consider
rocking and sliding phenomena between the individual blocks of the structure. Due to the high non-linearity of the problem, the
evaluation of the dynamic behaviour of multi-block columns has been mostly studied in the literature using a numerical approach
such as the Discrete Element Method (DEM). This paper presents an introductory study about a proposed analytical-numerical
approach for analysing the rocking behaviour of multi-block columns subjected to a sine-pulse type ground motion. Based on the
approach proposed by Spanos (2001) for a system made of two rigid blocks, the Eulero-Lagrange method to obtain the motion
equations of the system is discussed and numerical applications are performed with case studies reported in the literature and with a
real acceleration record. The rocking response of single block and multi-block columns is compared and considerations are made
about the overturning conditions and on the effect of forcing function’s frequency.
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Thermal environments and comfort in dementia friendly dwellings

This study follows on from a research project that developed guidelines for the Universal Design (UD) of Dementia Friendly Dwellings for People with Dementia, their Families and Carers. Research findings point to the need for thermal environments that support people with dementia and do not provoke stress, agitation or anxiety. Using semi-structured interviews and qualitative analysis of people with dementia this paper aims to provide insight into the questions of appropriate thermal environments. The qualitative analysis is supported by example simulated indoor environment studies that investigate comfort in common thermal environment provision scenarios in the homes of people with dementia. This paper focuses on the thermal environment, its impact on people with dementia, its therapeutic value, and its role in encouraging engagement in every day activity.
Findings from the interviews emphasize that control over their own internal environment is a priority for people with dementia. A strong preference for naturally or passively conditioned environments over mechanical conditioning is evident. Preferences are expressed for naturally ventilated environments enabling occupant instigated air movement. Repeated emphasis is placed on familiar elements including the fire and hot water bottle. Little desire is expressed for information feedback or technological displays.

Pine wilt disease: global issues, trade and economic impact

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is perhaps the most serious threat to pine forests worldwide. Since it´s discovery in the early XXth century by Japanese forest researchers, and the relationship with its causative agent, the pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in the 1970s, PWD has wreaked havoc wherever it appears. Firstly in the Far East (Japan, China and Korea) and now, more recently in 1999, in the EU (Portugal). The forest sector in Portugal plays a major role in the Portuguese economy with a 12% contribution to the industrial gross domestic product, 3.2% of the gross domestic product, 10% of foreign trade and 5% of national employment. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) is one of the most important pine productions, and industrial activity, such as the production of wood and resin, as well as coastal protection associated with sand dunes. Also, stone pine (Pinus pinea) plays an important role in the economy with a share derived from the exports of high-quality pineon seed. Thus, the tremendous economical and ecological impact of the introduction of a pest and pathogen such as the PWN, although as far as is known, the only species susceptible to the nematode is maritime pine. Immediately following detection, the research team involved (Univ. Évora, INIAP) informed the national plant quarantine and forest authorities, which relayed the information to Brussels and the appropriate EU authorities. A task force (GANP), followed by a national program (PROLUNP) was established. Since then, national surveys have been taking place, involving MADRP (Ministry of Agriculture), the University of Évora and several private corporations (e.g. UNAC). Forest growers in the area are particularly interested and involved since the area owned by the growers organizations totals 700 000 ha, largely affected by PWD. Detection of the disease has led to serious consequences and restrictions regarding exploration and commercialization of wood. A precautionary phytosanitary strip, 3 km-wide, has been recently (2007) established surrounding the affected area. The Portuguese government, through its national program PROLUNP, has been deeply involved since 1999, and in conjunction with the EU (Permanent Phytosanitary Committee, and FVO) and committed to controlling this nematode and the potential spread to the rest of the country and to the rest of the EU. The global impact of the presence of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus or the threat of its introduction and the resulting pine wilt disease in forested areas in different parts of the world is of increasing concern economically. The concern is exacerbated by the prevailing debate on climate change and the putative impact this could have on the vulnerability of the world’s pine forests to this disease. The scientific and regulatory approach taken in different jurisdictions to the threat of pine wilt disease varies from country to country depending on the perceived vulnerability of their pine forests to the disease and/or to the economic cost due to lost trade in wood products. Much of the research surrounding pine wilt disease has been located in the northern hemisphere, especially in southern Europe and in the warmer, coastal, Asian countries. However, there is an increased focus on this problem also in those countries in the southern hemisphere where plantations of susceptible pine have been established over the years. The forestry sector in Australia and New Zealand are on “high alert” for this disease and are practicing strict quarantine procedures at all ports of entry for wood products. As well, there is heightened awareness, as there is worldwide, for the need to monitor wood packaging materials for all imported goods. In carrying out the necessary monitoring and assessment of products for B. xylophilus and its vectors substantial costs are incurred especially when decisions have to be made rapidly and regardless of whether the outcome is positive or negative. Australia’s response recently to the appearance of some dying pines in a plantation illustrated the high sensitivity of some countries to this disease. Some $200,000 was spent on the assessment in order to save a potential loss of millions of dollars to the disease. This rapid, co-ordinated response to the report was for naught, because once identified it was found not to be B. xylophilus. This illustrates the particular importance of taking the responsibility at all levels of management to secure the site and the need of a rapid, reliable diagnostic method for small nematode samples for use in the field. Australia is particularly concerned about the vulnerability of its 1million hectares of planted forests, 80% of which are Pinus species, to attack from incursions of one or more species of the insect vector. Monochamus alternatus incursions in wood pallets have been reported from Brisbane, Queensland. The climate of this part of Australia is such that the Pinus plantations are particularly vulnerable to the potential outcome of such incursions, and the state of Queensland is developing a risk management strategy and a proactive breeding programme in response to this putative threat. New Zealand has 1.6 million hectares of planted forests and 89% of the commercial forest is Pinus radiata. Although the climate where these forests are located tends to be somewhat cooler than that in Australia the potential for establishment and development of the disease in that country is believed to be high. The passage alone of 200,000 m³/year of wood packaging through New Zealand ports is itself sufficient to require response. The potential incursion of insect vectors of pinewood nematode through the port system is regarded as high and is monitored carefully. The enormous expansion of global trade and the continued use of unprocessed/inadequately-processed wood for packaging purposes is a challenge for all trading nations as such wood packaging material often harbours disease or pest species. The extent of this problem is readily illustrated by the expanding economies and exports of countries in south-east Asia. China. Japan and Korea have significant areas of forestland infested with B. xylophilus. These countries too are among the largest exporting countries of manufactured goods. Despite the attempts of authorities to ensure that only properly treated wood is used in the crating and packaging of goods B. xylophilus and/or its insect vector infested materials is being recorded at ports worldwide. This reminds us, therefore, of the ease with which this nematode pest can gain access to forest lands in new geographic locations through inappropriate use, treatment or monitoring of wood products. It especially highlights the necessity to find an alternative to using low-grade lumber for packaging purposes. Lest we should believe that all wood products are always carriers of B. xylophilus and its vectors, it should be remembered that international trade of all kinds has occurred for thousands of years and that lumber-born pests and diseases do not have worldwide distribution. Other physico-biological factors have a significant role in the occurrence, establishment and sustainability of a disease. The question is often raised as to why the whole of southern Europe doesn’t already have B. xylophilus and pine wilt disease. European countries have traded with countries that are infested with B. xylophilus for hundreds of years. Turkey is an example of a country that appears to be highly vulnerable to pine wilt disease due to its extensive forests in the warm, southern region where the vector, Monochamus galloprovincialis, occurs. However, there is no record of the presence of B. xylophilus occurring there despite the importation of substantial quantities of wood from several countries In many respects, Portugal illustrates both the challenge and the dilemma. In recent times B. xylophilus was discovered there in the warm coastal region. The research, administrative and quarantine authorities responded rapidly and B. xylophilus appears to have been confined to the region in which it was found. The rapid response would seem to have “saved the day” for Portugal. Nevertheless, it raises again the long-standing questions, how long had B. xylophilus been in Portugal before it was found? If Lisbon was the port of entry, which seems very likely, why had B. xylophilus not entered Lisbon many years earlier and established populations and the pine wilt disease? Will the infestation in Portugal be sustainable and will it spread or will it die out within a few years? We still do not have sufficient understanding of the biology of this pest to know the answers to these questions.

Habitat-species interactions in a carnivore community

Na maioria das area protegidas nacionais existe uma considerável falta de informação científica relativa aos mamíferos carnívoros. A Reserva Natural da Serra da Malcata, localizada no centro-este de Portugal, tem vindo a desenvolver, desde os últimos 20 anos, estudos de ecologia e esta tese pretende dar seguimento a esse esforço de monitorização, através do desenvolvimento de métodos simples e eficientes, de monitorização de carnívoros, que possam servir como percursores de trabalhos a longo-prazo em áreas relevantes para a conservação. Através do uso de armadilhagem fotográfica, foram estudadas relações espécies-habitats para 5 espécies: gato-bravo (Felis silvestris), fuinha (Martes foina), raposa (Vulpes vulpes), gineta (Genetta genetta), e sacarrabos (Herpestes ichneumon). Foram desenvolvidos métodos para se determinar a densidade absoluta de raposa e gineta e a população de gato-bravo foi estudada em detalhe. As principais conclusões do estudo foram: 1) a ocupação de raposas é uniforme e parece ser independente de variáveis ambientais; 2) a ocupação de fuinha encontra-se relacionada com variáveis de habitat, estrutura paisagística e presas; 3) a ocupação de gineta está relacionada com a cobertura de folhosas e distribuição de presas; 4) para o sacarrabos verificase que a ocupação é influenciada pelas extensões de habitat arbustivos, 5) a população de gato-bravo sofreu um forte declínio durante o trabalho e requer urgentes medidas de conservação. Metodologicamente foi demonstrada a importância da modelação das probabilidades de detecção para espécies para as quais este parâmetros apresenta valores baixos ou é muito variável. Esta tese também demonstrou a grande importância da Serra da Malcata para a conservação de carnívoros e a necessidade do desenvolvimento de técnicas de monitorização padronizadas para uma correcta gestão adaptativa das áreas protegidas.

Aplicação de cortiça em dois tipos de reatores para tratamento de água

A qualidade da água degradou-se de forma relevante nas últimas décadas e os processos de sorção têm vindo a ser investigados como métodos promissores para o tratamento de águas contaminadas. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a capacidade de dois tipos de cortiça para a remoção de diversos contaminantes, em reatores de vaso fechado e de leito fixo. Os ensaios realizados em reatores de vaso fechado permitiram (i) avaliar o efeito do pH e da granulometria na eficiência dos sorventes na remoção de mercúrio e (ii) avaliar a afinidade dos sorventes para outros contaminantes, nomeadamente arsénio, cádmio, níquel e chumbo. Estruturalmente as duas cortiças estudadas aparentam ser semelhantes, com uma pequena diferença de comportamento ácido-base e não apresentam diferenças estatisticamente significativas na remoção de mercúrio. Os resultados obtidos permitiram constatar que o processo de remoção é independente do pH, tendo-se obtido percentagens de remoção da ordem dos 80% e de concentrações de mercúrio na cortiça na ordem dos 117 μg/g. As cortiças estudadas revelaram-se menos eficazes no tratamento de água com os restantes contaminantes, atingindo percentagens de remoção máximas de 0% para As, 11% para Cd, 35% para Ni e 69% para Pb. Os ensaios em leito fixo, mesmo sem terem sido otimizados, revelam que é possível obter uma eficácia de remoção de mercúrio superior a 90% nas primeiras 40 horas de trabalho, sendo a concentração de mercúrio no leito de 680 μg/g. Relativamente aos mecanismos de sorção, os resultados experimentais indicam que estes são possivelmente de natureza química e que as interações eletrostáticas têm pouca importância.

Revestimentos compatíveis para alvenarias antigas sujeitas a ação severa da água

Uma das maiores causas de degradação dos revestimentos é a presença de sais solúveis, tanto nas zonas costeiras como nas zonas continentais. Estes sais podem ter origens distintas, tais como: humidade ascensional, nevoeiro salino, inundações ou ainda estarem presentes nos próprios materiais, como é o caso da utilização de areias mal lavadas. O local onde os sais cristalizam é dependente do tipo de transporte entre a alvenaria e o revestimento, assim como da severidade da envolvente ambiental (temperatura e humidade relativa). Com esta tese pretende-se desenvolver revestimentos de substituição compatíveis, eficazes e duráveis para alvenarias antigas sujeitas à ação severa da água (humidade ascensional através das fundações com elevada concentração de NaCl); desenvolver ensaios de envelhecimento acelerado baseados em ciclos de dissolução e cristalização que permitam simular a ação severa da água; perceber a influência de revestimentos com caraterísticas extremas de permeabilidade ao vapor de água aplicados nas duas faces do mesmo suporte (argamassas de cimento e resina versus argamassas de cal), e sujeitos à ação severa da água; perceber a influência de vários fatores, tais como : rasgos verticais contínuos executados no emboço e a utilização de hidrófugo no reboco no desempenho dos vários sistemas de revestimento desenvolvidos, quando sujeitos à ação severa da água;; utilizar a remoção eletrocinética de sais, em provetes simulando a influência da alvenaria e dos revestimentos, com o objetivo de reduzir a sua concentração de NaCl, para que no futuro possa ser aplicado de forma eficaz em paredes de edifícios antigos, enquanto ação de manutenção, e desta forma aumentar a durabilidade dos revestimentos. Para atingir os objetivos descritos, foram considerados: i) o desenvolvimento de provetes que permitam considerar os sistemas de revestimento desenvolvidos nesta tese e o suporte, e que simulem uma alvenaria revestida em ambas as faces, e com os quais seja possível a simulação da ação severa da água em laboratório e, ii) o desenvolvimento ciclos de dissolução e cristalização numa parede de grandes dimensões existente em laboratório, que permitam simular a ação severa da água em condições tão reais quanto possível. O objetivo final deste estudo é o desenvolvimento de um revestimento de substituição denominado “emboço ventilado” para paredes de edifícios antigos com revestimentos degradados devido à presença de humidade ascensional e sais solúveis. Pretende-se que este sistema de revestimento, composto por duas camadas de revestimento (camada base e reboco), seja compatível, durável e eficaz, e que funcione como um sistema de acumulação no qual os sais cristalizem na camada base do sistema de revestimento (executada com rasgos verticais) e não na alvenaria ou na camada exterior.

Strength of visual percept generated by famous faces perceived without awareness: effects of affective valence, response latency, and visual field

Participants who were unable to detect familiarity from masked 17 ms faces ([Stone and Valentine, 2004] and [Stone and Valentine, in press-b]) did report a vague, partial visual percept. Two experiments investigated the relative strength of the visual percept generated by famous and unfamiliar faces, using masked 17 ms exposure. Each trial presented simultaneously a famous and an unfamiliar face, one face in LVF and the other in RVF. In one task, participants responded according to which of the faces generated the stronger visual percept, and in the other task, they attempted an explicit familiarity decision. The relative strength of the visual percept of the famous face compared to the unfamiliar face was moderated by response latency and participants’ attitude towards the famous person. There was also an interaction of visual field with response latency, suggesting that the right hemisphere can generate a visual percept differentiating famous from unfamiliar faces more rapidly than the left hemisphere. Participants were at chance in the explicit familiarity decision, confirming the absence of awareness of facial familiarity.

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How is it possible that civilization has a global understanding of the abstraction of the human form? At a subconscious level as humans we have the ability to find the form of the body in the most minimal of shapes, objects, landscape and even natural phenomena such as clouds, it is an ability inherent in human nature. This deep-rooted facility to recognise the human form at various levels of abstraction is also developed further by our life experiences, environment and total education; specifically in the fine and applied arts. For this research I have focused on the change between realistic representations of the human form to complete abstraction. I have broken it down to its most basic elements to explore at what point our visual language allows us to recognise and define a shape or object as being influenced by, or connected to, the human form. I have concentrated on extending my own visual language relating to the human form within my own practice. A series of practical research projects has been undertaken and has been supported by a new series of investigative works, drawings and written evidence of the ways in which the figure can be represented, documenting the process via the thesis and final works. As part of my research, I have investigated the way artists working with clay have abstracted the human form focusing in particular on work from the 1950s to the present day using clay, drawing and installation. I have looked at how, over this period, artists have developed their own visual signifiers of the human form within their abstract/representational creations. The aim of this research will be falls into two parts: • To investigate how far one can push the human form in clay before it moves into abstraction • To locate the vanishing point where viewers still identify the human within ceramic abstract sculpture

Emotional Responses to Disfigured Faces: The Influences of Perceived Anonymity, Empathy, and Disgust Sensitivity

Two experiments investigated self-reported emotional reactions to photographs of people with attractive, unattractive or structurally disfigured faces. In Experiment 1 participants viewing disfigured faces reported raised levels of sorrow and curiosity but not raised levels of negative emotions. In Experiment 2 there was more negative emotion and less positive emotion reported under conditions of relatively high anonymity, compared to low anonymity, specific to disfigured faces, suggesting that self-reports are influenced by social desirability. Trait empathy was associated with sorrow and negative emotions when viewing disfigured faces. Disgust sensitivity was associated with negative emotions and inversely associated with positive emotions.

Rational Thinking and Belief in Psychic Abilities: It Depends on Level of Involvement

Previous research has shown that lay believers in psychic abilities are more prone to intuitive thinking, less inclined to rational thinking, and have an external locus of control, compared to non-believers. Psychic practitioners, however, may have different characteristics. Psychic practitioners (N=31; mean age = 42.7 years, s.d.=13.1), lay believers (N=33; mean age = 33.0 years, s.d.=10.3), and non-believers (N=31; mean age = 34.4 years, s.d.=15.4) completed questionnaires measuring thinking styles, locus of control, and psychic belief. Comparisons of lay believers with non-believers confirmed previous observations; believers had a higher propensity for intuitive thinking, lower propensity for rational thinking, and more external locus of control. In contrast, practitioners were equivalent to non-believers in rational thinking and had the highest internal locus of control. This highlights the importance of considering level of involvement with psychic practice in understanding the thinking styles of believers. Results suggested that practitioners may have rationalised their beliefs and constructed a coherent model of psychic phenomena that satisfies a propensity for rational thinking within a community of belief.

Stochastic ground motion simulation with geological site effects in damage asessment

Damage assessment of structures with a mechanical non linear model demands the representation of seismic action in terms of an accelerogram (dynamic analysis) or a response spectrum (pushover analysis). Stochastic ground motion simulation is largely used in regions where seismic strong-motion records are available in insufficient number. In this work we present a variation of the stochastic finite-fault method with dynamic corner frequency that includes the geological site effects. The method was implemented in a computer program named SIMULSIS that generate time series (accelerograms) and response spectra. The program was tested with the MW= 7.3 Landers earthquake (June 28, 1992) and managed to reproduce its effects. In the present work we used it to reproduce the effects of the 1980’s Azores earthquake (January 1, 1980) in several islands, with different possible local site conditions. In those places, the response spectra are presented and compared with the buildings damage observed.

Zooarqueologia e tafonomia de Castanheiro do Vento

Dissertação mest., Arqueologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2007

Évaluation du potentiel de croissance et de rendement d’une culture de tomates biologiques cultivées dans une serre climatisée à l’aide d’un système géothermique

Ce projet visait à comparer les effets agronomiques d’une serre de tomates biologiques semi-fermée utilisant un système de climatisation par géothermie comparativement à une serre ouverte. Deux serres de 228 et 230 m2 ont été équipées d’un système d’échangeur d’air avec géothermie qui refroidissait et déshumidifiait l’air (serre semi-fermée) et d’un système de ventilation naturelle (serre témoin). Ces dernières ont été comparées au cours des années 2012 et 2013 entre lesquels les traitements ont été permutés. Les variables mesurées étaient les paramètres de croissance des plants ainsi que le rendement, le calibre des fruits et les propriétés physico-chimiques des tomates. Les résultats ont démontré que le système de climatisation n’a pas eu d’effets significatifs sur la croissance des plants, la qualité des fruits ainsi que le rendement. Les deux serres avaient des cibles de concentration en CO2 comprises entre 450 µL L-1 et 1000 µL L-1 selon l’ensoleillement. Les quantités de CO2 injectées ont été de 11 kg/m2 et 15 kg/m2 respectivement en 2012 et 2013 dans la serre semi-fermée alors qu’elles ont été de 24 kg/m2 et 25 kg/m2 dans la serre témoin. Bien qu’ayant nécessité moins d’injection, la serre semi-fermée a permis de conserver des concentrations en CO2 de 638 µL L-1 en 2012 et de 593 µL L-1 en 2013. Ces concentrations sont plus élevées que celles obtenues dans la serre témoin qui étaient respectivement de 385 µL L-1 et 486 µL L-1 en 2012 et 2013. De ce fait, le coût monétaire associé à l’enrichissement carboné a été de 1,6 à 2,0 fois plus élevé dans la serre témoin que dans la serre semi-fermée.

La parole en action : dissensus sur les accommodements raisonnables lors des auditions en commission parlementaire au Québec (2010-2011)

La question du pluralisme religieux est au Québec, l’objet de désaccords et de variations dans son mode de régulation et ses instruments d’action publique. La consultation publique sur le projet loi n° 94, Loi établissant les balises encadrant les demandes d’accommodement dans l’Administration gouvernementale et dans certains établissements, est au cœur de ceux-ci. En se basant sur l’analyse des séances d’auditions publiques en commission parlementaire qui ont eu lieu au Québec entre mai 2010 et janvier 2011 sur le projet de loi n° 94, cette thèse vise à interroger les enjeux liés à la publicisation des prises de positions et de l’échange d’arguments entre différents acteurs. À partir d’une méthodologie par théorisation enracinée et d’un cadre conceptuel qui se rattache à la communication publique, cette thèse cherche à mettre en évidence quelques-unes des propriétés des interactions verbales et non verbales qui composent et incarnent cette activité délibérative. Elle approche ces interactions du point de vue de leur publicisation en s’appuyant sur deux principes : la participation publique en tant qu’un instant de la construction du problème public et l’audition publique en commission parlementaire comme maillon d’un réseau dialogique qui participe à la publicisation du désaccord sur les accommodements raisonnables. Mettant l’accent sur l’usage du langage (verbal, non verbal et para verbal), l’objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre comment des groupes minoritaires et majoritaires, engagés dans une arène publique où les points de vue par rapport aux accommodements raisonnables sont confrontés et mis en visibilité, gèrent leur situation de parole publique. La démarche de recherche a combiné deux stratégies d’analyse : la première stratégie d’inspiration conversationnelle, qui observe chaque séquence comme objet indépendant, a permis de saisir le déroulement des séances d’audition en respectant le caractère séquentiel des tours de parole La deuxième stratégie reviens sur les principaux résultats de l’analyse des séances d’auditions pour valider les résultats et parvenir à la saturation théorique pour élaborer une modélisation. L’exploitation des données selon cette approche qualitative a abouti au repérage de trois dynamiques. La première fait état des contraintes discursives. La seconde met en évidence le rôle des dimensions motivationnelles et socioculturelles dans la construction des positionnements et dans l’adoption d’un registre polémique. La troisième souligne la portée de la parole publique en termes d’actualisation des rapports de pouvoir et de confirmation de son caractère polémique. La modélisation proposée par cette thèse représente le registre polémique comme un élément constitutif de l’engagement argumentatif des acteurs sociaux mais qui est considérablement enchâssé dans d’autres éléments contextuels et motivationnels qui vont orienter sa portée. En tant qu’elle est exprimée dans un site dialogique, la parole publique en situation d’audition publique en commission parlementaire est en mesure de créer de nouvelles intrigues et d’une possibilité de coexister dans le dissensus. Le principal apport de cette thèse est qu’elle propose une articulation, concrète et originale entre une approche de la parole publique en tant que révélatrice d’autre chose que d’elle-même (nécessaire à tout éclaircissement des points de vue dans cette controverse) et une approche de la parole publique en tant que performance conduisant à la transformation du monde social. D’où, le titre de la thèse : la parole en action. Mots clefs : parole publique, discours, arène publique, pluralisme religieux, accommodements raisonnables, controverses, dissensus, théorisation enracinée