The antioxidative effect of icariin in human erythrocytes against free-radical-induced haemolysis

Icariin (2-(4'-methoxyl phenyl)-3-rhamnosido-5-hydroxyl-7-glucosido-8-(3'-methyl-2-butyleny"chromanone) is the major component in Herba Epimedii used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of atherosclerosis. This work focuses on the antioxidative effect of icariin on freeradical-induced haemolysis of human erythrocytes, in which the initial free radical derives from the decomposition of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH) at physiological temperature. To reveal the structure-activity relationship of icariin, the antioxidant effects of two structural analogues of icariin, acacetin (2-(4'-methoxylphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxylchromone) and norwogonin (2-phenyl-5,7,8-trihydroxylchromone), on the same experimental system were examined as well. It was found that all these chromone derivatives (Chm-OHs) dose-dependently protected human erythrocytes against free-radical-induced haemolysis. The order of antioxidative activity was nonvogoni-n > acacetin > icariin by the analysis of the relationship between the concentration of Chm-OHs and the prolongation percentage of the lag time of haemolysis (PP%). It was also proved that the phenyl hydroxyl group attached to the chromone ring at 7-position cannot trap the free radical- On the contrary, phenyl hydroxyl groups at the 5- and 8-position in nonvogonin made it a significant antioxidant in AAPH-induced haemolysis.

Synthesis and solvent enhanced relaxation property of water-soluble endohedral metallofullerenols

Gadolinium fullerenols, as novel and potential contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, were synthesized, which showed excellent efficiency in enhancing water proton relaxation with a relaxivity of 47.0+/-1.0 mM(-1).s(-1).

Study on the fatty acid composition of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum

The fatty acids composition in different parts of full-grown Rhopilema esculentum jellyfish from Yellow Sea was investigated. The lipids, extracted from the umbrella and oral arms and gonads of R. eculentum jellyfish, respectively were analysed by combined capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results show that there are more than thirty kinds of fatty acids in jellyfish, and the fatty acid compositions of three parts of R. esculentum are almost the same. In the three parts, percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are high, and range from 36.23% to 38.74%. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosatetraenoic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are three major PUFA.

基于VR的视景生成与基于小波变换的图像匹配算法研究

图像匹配是指把一个图像区域从另一个可能在不同时间，不同视点位置或者由不同传感器所获得的图像区域中确定出来或找到它们之间对应关系的一种重要的图像分析与处理技术。 实验结果验证是图像匹配中的一个重要环节。传统的图像匹配实验验证一般是在真实环境中进行。这种验证方式基本都面临实验周期长、成本高、安全性低、不易重复实验、可控性差、受气候条件、实验场地限制等诸多缺陷。在传统实物验证前，我们迫切需要寻找一种新的实验平台。虚拟现实技术的发展为我们构建新的实验平台提供了很好的技术支持代替传统方法。虚拟现实是一种由计算机和电子技术创造的看似真实的虚拟环境。通过多种传感设备，用户可根据自身的感觉，使用人的自然技能对虚拟世界中的物体进行考察和操作，参与其中的事件;同时提供视、听、触等直观而又自然的实时感知，并使参与者“沉浸”于虚拟环境中。作为虚拟现实行业的引导者，由Multigen-Paradigm公司开发的Creator三维建模软件和Vega实时可视化三维视景仿真软件已经广泛应用各种行业。本文采用这两种软件作为我们实验平台的开发工具。结果表明利用虚拟现实技术构建的仿真实验平台能够提供图像和数据，保证图像匹配实验的进行。 基于特征的图像匹配方法是提取图像中的一些特征点，然后借助这些特征点进行匹配。它能够较好的克服基于区域图像匹配算法易受实时性、光照、几何畸变等影响的缺点。边缘特征作为图像的一种基本特征已经广泛应用于图像匹配算法之中。传统的边缘检测方法(如Sobel、Prewitt和Canny算法)对噪声很敏感。 小波变换具有检测局部突变的能力，并且对图像噪声鲁棒，因此是检测图像边缘的有效工具。本文利用小波变换作为图像边缘检测工具，首先对图像分别做两方向的小波变换，进而得到二维小波变换的幅值和梯度，然后利用非极大值抑制方法检测二维小波变换的模极值点作为图像的边缘点。最后利用边缘直方图描述符实现模板边缘与实时图像边缘之间的匹配。 本文完成的主要工作如下： 1、 利用虚拟现实技术进行视景生成，构建图像匹配实验平台。输出实时图像以及加干扰的摄像机拍摄时所对应的水平角、俯仰角、自旋角、高度等指令参数。 2、 根据实时图像及对应参数，利用几何变换将前视图像转换为下视图像。 3、 在图像匹配中，我们在分析传统的边缘检测算子如Sobel、Prewitt、Canny等对噪声敏感的基础上，提出一种基于小波变换的图像边缘检测算法。 本文的实验环境为Vega、VC6.0++、Matlab7.0 实验结果表明本文所提出算法的有效性。

美国普度大学CIM递阶控制系统参考模型简介

本文简要介绍了美国普度大学ＣＩＭ参考模型的具体内容、系统特征、系统经济效益、系统发展趋势以及存在的一些问题。

新元古代陡山沱期古海洋的氧化还原环境演变

High resolution geochemical analysis of Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation deposits in eastern Gorges area, including carbon and sulfur isotope compositions, trace elements, rare earth elements, and so on, show a whole panorama of the oceanic environment in Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation. The deposits of Doushantuo II recorded consistent δ13Corg values and variable δ13Ccarb values, which suggets that it is strongly redox stratified in Doushantuo ocean, and there is a large DOC reservior in the deep ocean. The redox state of Doushantuo ocean in Yangtze area was not steady. The movement of chemocline was concerned with the transgression and/or regression. During the transgression, raising sea level and upwelling with anoxic deep water would cause the ocean anoxic; during the regression, declining sea level and weathered sulfate input would cause the suface ocean becoming oxic. The oxidations of this DOC reservior would caused negative δ13C excurions in Doushantuo Formation. Comparing with oceanic redox states and fossils productivity, we found that the stratum with high biologic productivity and diversity did not indicated oxic conditions. In the opposite, these stratum recorded anoxic conditions. We suggeste that it would be relatived to burial and preservation of fossils, because anoxic conditions are in favor of burial and preservation of fossils. It is proved that methane seep occurred at the base of Duoshantuo cap carbonate. However, comparing cap carbonate with seep carbonate, we found that oxidation of methan and the post-diagenesis could not derictely result in cap carbonate deoposition. Cap carbonate would be derived from the high level CO2 in atomosphere.

凯氏蒸馏法和元素分析仪法测定沉积物中全氮含量的异同及其意义

氮循环是生物地球化学研究领域中最重要的课题之一，全氮含量的测定是农业、生物和环境等多领域研究中的常规测试项目。凯氏蒸馏法和元素分析仪法作为常规方法通用于上述领域的全氮含量测定，但两种方法在实际应用中的差异却常被忽视。通过对中国北方某盐湖沉积物序列近百个样品的全氮含量分析，对两种方法测定结果的异同进行了对比研究。凯氏蒸馏法的分析精密度高于元素分析仪法(前者标准偏差为0.007,后者为0.024)，但在样品硝态和亚硝态氮的含量较高时，凯氏蒸馏法所测结果显著低于元素分析仪法的测定结果，此时选择元素分析仪法进行全氮含量的测定更为可靠和准确；对硝态和亚硝态氮含量极低的样品，两种方法的测定结果无显著差异。研究表明，选择全氮含量的测定方法，必须对所测样品的无机氮含量有初步的了解。对于中国北方的多数盐湖和地表环境样品，由于其无机氮的含量较高，选择凯氏蒸馏法进行全氮含量的测定是不适当的。尽管如此，对所研究的湖泊沉积物剖面而言，两种方法的对比却可以提供有价值的气候和环境演变信息。随着沉积物剖面的由深到浅，两种方法的测定结果由一致变化到存在显著差异，表明了湖泊水体从早期的淡水向今天的盐湖演化的过程。因此，凯氏蒸馏法和元素分析仪法测定结果的差异可以作为一种独立的地球化学气候代用指标。

Characteristic infrared spectroscopic patterns in the protein bands of human breast cancer tissue

Infrared (IR) spectra of normal, hyperplasia, fibroadenoma and carcinoma tissues of human breast obtained from 96 patients have been determined and analyzed statistically. Several spectral differences were detected in the frequency regions of N-H stretching, amide I, II and III bands: (1) the bands in the region 3000-3600cm-1 shifted to lower frequencies for the carcinomatous tissue; (2) the A(3300)/A(3075) absorbance ratio was significantly higher for the fibroadenoma than for the other types of tissues; (3) the frequency of the a-helix amide I band decreased for the malignant tissue, while the corresponding beta -sheet amide I band frequency increased; (4) the A(1657)/A(1635) and A(1553)/A(1540) absorbance ratios were the highest for fibroadenoma and carcinoma tissues; (5) the A(1680)/A(1657) absorbance ratio decreased significantly in the order of normal > hyperplasia > fibroadenoma > carcinoma; (6) the A(1651)/A(1545) absorbance ratio increased slightly for the fibroadenoma and the carcinoma tissues; (7) the bands at 1204 and 1278 cm(-1), assigned to the vibrational modes of the collagen, did not appear in the original spectra as resolved peaks and were distinctly stronger in the deconvoluted spectra of the carcinoma tissue and (8) the A(1657)/A(1204) and A(1657)/A(1278) absorbance ratios, both yielding information on the relative content of collagen, increased in the order of normal < hyperplasia < carcinoma < fibroadenoma. The said differences imply that the information is useful for the diagnosis of breast cancer and malignant breast abnormalities, and may serve as a basis for further studies on conformational changes in tissue proteins during carcinogenesis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Desbrota da videira favorece a qualidade da uva.

1982

Clinical Use of the Volume-Time Curve for Endotracheal Tube Cuff Management

BACKGROUND: Previous investigation showed that the volume-time curve technique could be an alternative for endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff management. However, the clinical impact of the volume-time curve application has not been documented. the purpose of this study was to compare the occurrence and intensity of a sore throat, cough, thoracic pain, and pulmonary function between these 2 techniques for ETT cuff management: volume-time curve technique versus minimal occlusive volume (MOV) technique after coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: A total of 450 subjects were randomized into 2 groups for cuff management after intubation: MOV group (n = 222) and volume-time curve group (n = 228). We measured cuff pressure before extubation. We performed spirometry 24 h before and after surgery. We graded sore throat and cough according to a 4-point scale at 1, 24, 72, and 120 h after extubation and assessed thoracic pain at 24 h after extubation and quantified the level of pain by a 10-point scale. RESULTS: the volume-time curve group presented significantly lower cuff pressure (30.9 +/- 2.8 vs 37.7 +/- 3.4 cm H2O), less incidence and intensity of sore throat (1 h, 23.7 vs 51.4%; and 24 h, 18.9 vs 40.5%, P < .001), cough (1 h, 19.3 vs 48.6%; and 24 h, 18.4 vs 42.3%, P < .001), thoracic pain (5.2 +/- 1.8 vs 7.1 +/- 1.7), better preservation of FVC (49.5 +/- 9.9 vs 41.8 +/- 12.9%, P = .005), and FEV1, (46.6 +/- 1.8 vs 38.6 +/- 1.4%, P = .005) compared with the MOV group. CONCLUSIONS: the subjects who received the volume-time curve technique for ETT cuff management presented a significantly lower incidence and severity of sore throat and cough, less thoracic pain, and minimally impaired pulmonary function than those subjects who received the MOV technique during the first 24 h after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Influence of fat percentage, front thigh skinfold and girth on the maximum radial displacement of the dominant rectus femoris

4.171 JCR (2013) Q1, 6/81 Sport sciences

Changes in the mechanical characteristics of the knee musculature in professional female volleyball players

The technical efficiency in volleyball is closely related to the ability to perform displacements or jump (1). Therefore, it is necessary that precise, individualized, and localized evaluation of the muscles frequently involved in volleyball practice be studied (2,3). The aim of this study was to analyze the neuromuscular changes of the knee musculature in professional volleyball players using Tensiomyography (TMG) and jump tests.

A role for LH in the regulation of expression of mRNAs encoding components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in the ovine corpus luteum

P.M. Hastie and W. Haresign (2006). A role for LH in the regulation of expression of mRNAs encoding components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in the ovine corpus luteum. Animal Reproduction Science, 96(1-2), 196-209. Sponsorship: DEFRA RAE2008