A (des)construção da noção de gênero nos contos de Katherine Mansfield

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

O caso Fujimori: exemplo de superação da impunidade em América Latina

The present study focuses the impunity for human rights violations in Latin America. In this tradition of impunity, there is one exception, the emblematic case Fujimori, in which the conviction was for murder and serious injury, crimes against humanity according to the International Criminal Law. This sentence is an example in the context of this traditional trend of impunity. The research also analyzes the use of international law as a barrier state against injustice, both in substantive, imposing binding or mandatory standards with a universal character, but also in procedural terms, by providing supranational mechanisms to protect victims.

A temática da violência escolar na formação docente inicial: das lacunas existentes às discussões necessárias

This paper emerged from a reflection on the troubles afflicting and shocked teachers, especially early in his career, among which stands out both in studies and in reports propagated by the teachers themselves: the violence manifested in and out of classrooms. Given this finding and the obvious need for overcoming beyond ephemeral measures, this research outlines two equally important goals: a) incite the discussion of violence at the time of initial teacher training as well as the emergence of new studies concerning this subject in academic research and b) transgress the tradition of research that consists in recommending prescriptions to be applied about how banning school violence, disregarding the peculiarities of each context. These objectives are derived from following question: which strategies are developed in undergraduate courses that aim to preparing of future teachers to deal with the phenomenon of violence in elementary school? Intending to answer this question and, therefore, contemplate the objectives outlined we opted for specialized bibliographic material analysis, systematically selected as the method. As a main result, it was found that the discussion of the theme of school violence in the initial teacher training is something still scarce in practice and incipient in the sphere of research. Therefore, we emphasize the importance of strengthening of this discussion so that when they get into career teaching, future teachers feel adequately subsidized up to face the everyday challenges that may manifest over the profession.

Institucionalização da Gestão Escolar no Brasil: em foco as primeiras décadas do século XX (1911-1950)

This work aims to investigate the institutionalization of management processes in the legislation of the Brazilian education. For this study was considered the first decades of the twentieth century (1911-1950). The laws of Brazil in the early Republic were derived from tradition or forged by the great legislators. In turn, the tradition is inserted in the power of social organization that is preserved, in a more forceful manner, through the norms and rules. With this assumption, the study chose the Rivadávia and Carlos Maximiliano Reforms, both of the beginning of the century, and the Organic Laws of Teaching, granted by the government in this period, to understand how legislation institutionalized the role of the director in basic education in this context history. The reflections presented introduce historical elements that demonstrate actions and relationships that remain in the form of habits in the school managements. These institutionalized elements contribute to the debate about the political and pedagogical difficulties pointed out by scholars and professionals, related to the promotion of democratic management in the public school.

Poe, Baudelaire, Huysmans: dândis e malditos

Poe, Baudelaire and Huysmans, voices that bewilder readers due to their literary iconoclastic impulse, knew how to bother society and tradition becoming archetypes of the poèt maudit. Eccentrics, these poets, living exiled to the margins of the frustrated bourgeois society with its moral rules, wish for something beyond world then was offering; so, they turn for the mysterious regions of the obscure, of the sordidness and of the Satanic, finally becoming the poets of the abyss. At the same time maudits and aesthetes, they wish to be sublime and consider the dandyism like the last ray of light of the decadence: it is what this article intends to discuss.

Canto e fala: o espetáculo do poder da linguagem na tragédia grega

No presente estudo, destacamos como a estrutura da poesia trágica em partes cantadas e dialogadas resulta num grande espetáculo dominado pela palavra. Nos cantos corais e nos cantos de ator, os estados emocionais são marcados pelo viés da tradição do dialeto dórico. Nos diálogos, o ritmo próximo da fala quotidiana, em dialeto ático, acelera os acontecimentos em cena, põe em ação e movimenta o que Aristóteles depois vai chamar de “ação”. O resultado da mescla de tradição e novidade, de canto e fala, de dança e gestos, é um espetáculo contendo mito e “realidade”, poesia e retórica, entre outras dicotomias, em que o poder da linguagem é colocado em cena. Na tragédia, então, a palavra em todos os seus modos de expressão é o espetáculo a ser visto e ouvido. Assim, a tragédia grega insere-se numa longa tradição iniciada pela poesia oral homérica e anuncia o estabelecimento da filosofia.

Do hexâmetro ao decassílabo: equivalência estilística baseada na materialidade da expressão

This paper deals with the relationship between the Latin hexametre and the Portuguese decasyllable, mainly paying attention to the possibility of a translation which could save some stylistic equivalence based on the proportionality of the materiality of expression.

Línguas de ritmo silábico

One of the most controversial issues in the history of Phonetics is the discussion about the typology of speech rhythm. Out of the Greek and Latin tradition on poetry versification, the notion of rhythm has been misunderstood as speech rate. In the early years of the 20th century, a dichotomy merged classifying the speech rhythm into stress-timed and syllable-timed languages, inspired by the old theory of poetic versification. Following the same old pattern, later on, a third type of language were proposed: the moraic languages, initially attributed only to Japanese. With the facilities to carry on acoustic research, in the second half of the 20th century, the typology of language rhythm came to a dead end. Different types of language were set out. This paper discusses these ideas, showing a great misunderstanding among researchers in relation to the characterization of a syllable-timed language. The notion of mora is revisited and its role in the study of speech rhythm is better defined.

Uma visão da gramática na vivência da linguagem

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Na teoria e na ficção: a vanguarda em Clarice Lispector

The short story “Os desastres de Sofia” (1964), of Clarice Lispector, can be read as fictional metaphor for the way as the writer elaborated and presented the concept of “Vanguard”. Philosophical reflections of Walter Benjamin (1933) contains the arguments that Clarice, in this narrative, invigorates, by the use of modern keys, vanguardist, according to her conception, which Benjamin sanctioned by the melancholic look of the past. Clarice is notable as a writer of prose affiliated with the brazilian modern poetry.

Os jogos frutais e o poema: natureza viva; natureza-morta

The (usually rotten) fruit theme or motif is recurring in Ferreira Gullar‟s poetic work (from A luta corporal, 1954, to Em alguma parte alguma, 2010). It can be said that the semantic-metaphoric field comprises metapoetic to political and social issues –expressive aspects in the author‟s trajectory. Thus, starting from the fruit topic which is characteristic of the bucolic-pastoral poetic tradition and tracing its presence in Brazil, this paper aims, by analysing some of Gullar‟s poems, to reflect on the peculiar way the problem is subverted in his lyric.

A educação de adultos como socialização: Hannah Arendt versus Paulo Freire

This paper analyzes data under diametrically opposed theoretical frameworks. Encouraged by the sudden and recent popularity of Hannah Arendt, we decided to submit the data of a already presented dissertation to a “new” reference, extracted from Arendt’s famous text on the education crisis in the United States in the 1950. Data had been interpreted in the light of Paulo Freire’s epistemology. In further analyzes, from Arendt, our interpretations gained even more strength. However, in the final comparison between the two thinkers stand out irreconcilable differences: For Arendt, it is impossible to educate adults and the world of education should be detached from the world of politics, since the responsibility of the educator is based on tradition and authority while for Freire is indeed possible to educate adults and the responsibility of the educator – as in Sartre – leads to freedom. Our conclusion is to be possible the social education of adults if we educate ourselves with them in a dialogic relationship.

As origens do novo conservadorismo estadunidense em um sistema federativo: Barry Goldwater e a tentativa de coalizão entre tradicionalistas e libertários

A tradição do novo conservadorismo nos EUA foi determinante para a ampliação do debate político durante as últimas décadas, uma vez que, a partir da década de 1950 inseriu e fomentou uma série de ideias que, até então, pareciam excluídas e marginalizadas da discussão política devido ao grande sucesso eleitoral do modelo liberal creditado ao Partido Democrata. Para aprofundar esse debate, o artigo discute a importância da campanha eleitoral de Barry Goldwater, em 1964, e sua relação com a consolidação do movimento conservador no país, compreendendo como a partir dela amarrou-se uma aliança entre variadas correntes que compunham o espectro conservador, o que possibilitou ao Partido Republicano disputar novamente as eleições em um patamar de igualdade com o partido rival. Para realizar essa análise, em um primeiro momento, partimos de uma abordagem sobre o sistema federalista, com o intuito de compreender alguns de seus princípios básicos e sua influência na formação dos EUA como nação. Esse debate serve como base para uma releitura melhor contextualizada em torno de temas presentes na campanha de 1964, principalmente, no que se refere as propostas em torno do papel do Estado e relacionadas ao discurso em defesa dos interesses dos estados e da defesa da Constituição recorrentes no pleito eleitoral estadunidense. Junto a isso, aprofundamos a análise sobre as correntes que compunham o conservadorismo no país, demonstrando como elas, embora fossem muitas vezes antagônicas, se acomodaram em um projeto político conservador.

Juana I en el exilio del franquismo

La reina Juana I se construye discursivamente a partir de las crónicas de sus contemporáneos. Olvidada durante siglos, reaparece en el romanticismo francés y español. La Juana del franquismo estipula intensa intertextualidad con la Juana de la tradición decimonónica. Este texto indaga, con base en Doña Juana la Loca, de Gómez de la Serna, y Juana inventó la noche, de Martín Elizondo, la intertextualidad compleja entre la Juana del franquismo y la Juana de los exiliados.

Oralidade, letramento e identidade

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)