Description of NRA tracking studies: tracking techniques and fish counter technology

The study began on the 7th January 1991 and was completed in June 1991. Two reports have been produced. This report published as R&D Note 33 describes NRA tracking studies, tracking techniques and fish counter technology. The second report published as R&D Note 34 evaluates NRA tracking studies and recommends future research. The latter will be used solely for NRA management purposes. This report briefly outlines the programme of the NRA, placing the Fisheries programme in the context of the work of the NRA as a whole, and viewing the tracking work against the broader requirements of the NRA Fisheries research programme. Two techniques currently exist for studying the detailed timing and extent of movements of adult salmon: tracking of individually identifiable fish, and counting the numbers of fish moving past a fixed point in the river. Further details of these techniques and their development are given in Sections 2 and 3. Section 4 summarises and assesses completed and current NRA tracking Studies. Complete project descriptions for the studies are contained in Appendix A. Section 5 discusses the scientific content of these studies in relation to similar work carried out elsewhere in the UK. Section 6 details the future development of tracking techniques. Tracking work on migratory salmonids has tended to concentrate largely upon the movements of adult salmon. Much of this report will therefore be concerned with salmon tracking studies. NRA studies involving sea trout are referred to where appropriate. The methodological problems of sea trout tracking studies are summarised in Section 2.1.3.

Use of pop-up satellite archival tag technology to study postrelease survival of and habitat use by estuarine and coastal fishes: an application to striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

Pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) have been used to study movements, habitat use, and postrelease survival of large pelagic vertebrates, but the size of these tags has historically precluded their use on smaller coastal species. To evaluate a new generation of smaller PSATs for the study of postrelease survival and habitat use of coastal species, we attached Microwave Telemetry, Inc., X-tags to ten striped bass (Morone saxatilis) 94–112 cm total length (TL) caught on J hooks and circle hooks during the winter recreational fishery in Virginia. Tags collected temperature and depth information every five minutes and detached from the fish after 30 days. Nine of the ten tags released on schedule and eight transmitted 30% to 96% (mean 78.6%) of the archived data. Three tags were physically recovered during or after the transmission period, allowing retrieval of all archived data. All eight striped bass whose tags transmitted data survived for 30 days after release, including two fish that were hooked deeply with J hooks. The eight fish spent more than 90% of their time at depths less than 10 m and in temperatures of 6–9°C, demonstrated no significant diel differences in depth or temperature utilization (P>0.05), and exhibited weak periodicities in vertical movements consistent with daily and tidal cycles.

Farming experiments and transfer of technology of bivalve culture along the southwest coast of India

The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) in India developed bivalve farming technologies in the 1970s, but these were not widely adopted at the time. In 1993, CMFRI undertook an action research program to encourage farming of edible oysters (Crassostrea madrasensis), mussels (Perna viridis and Perna indica), clams (Paphia malabarica) and pearls (Pinctada fucata) along the southwest coast of India. Successful demonstration of the viability of bivalve farming led to the initiation of commercial farming of mussels and generated interest among farmers and entrepreneurs in developing production of pearls and farming of edible oysters. Given the high potential for the mollusc aquaculture, both for the local and export market, issues such as demarcation and issuance of lease right on aquaculture zones in public waterbodies by the government, organization of marketing systems and provisions for technical and financial support to farmers need to be addressed.

Discursos na/da educação profissional e tecnológica: a criação dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia

A presente pesquisa de doutorado tem como objeto de estudo as recontextualizações e ressignificações que a educação profissional e tecnológica passou nos últimos anos, com a criação dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, tomando por base os discursos circulantes que amparam as mudanças introduzidas a partir das políticas educacionais e curriculares. O problema de pesquisa foi desenvolvido por meio de um olhar dialético entre macro e microcontextos, tendo como preocupação o discurso na sua relação com a estrutura social, apoiando-se nas formulações da Análise Crítica do Discurso, a partir de Norman Fairclough. Ao mesmo tempo, foram utilizadas as teorizações de Stephen Ball, principalmente a abordagem do ciclo de políticas, que trabalha com as formulações discursivas dos diferentes contextos de produção e implementação de políticas educacionais. Toda a discussão conduzida neste trabalho sobre a conjuntura macroestrutural da sociedade, a partir do novo capitalismo, na sua relação com os aspectos do microcontexto, levou ao entendimento de que o gerencialismo e a performatividade penetraram profundamente nas relações, conduzindo a opções ideológicas pautadas em discursos que refletem essas tecnologias. Por meio das reflexões e análises sobre o contexto nacional, tendo como base textos diversos, e sobre o microcontexto do Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro, considerando observações, escutas, diálogos, vivências e experiências, essa pesquisa aponta para o potencial do contexto da prática. Compreende-se que as intervenções dos docentes, técnicos e gestores dos Institutos Federais nos discursos que interpretam, promovendo recontextualizações e ressignificações, definirão a formação que o novo e crescente contingente de discentes receberá e, neste ponto, essa pesquisa aposta em formulações discursivas contra-hegemônicas que apontam para uma formação politécnica para o mundo do trabalho.