Autodeterminação local e desenvolvimento: uma análise da dinâmica social no município de São Roque de Minas

In this thesis, the basic research of Chase and Simon (1973) is questioned, and we seek new results by analyzing the errors of experts and beginners chess players in experiments to reproduce chess positions. Chess players with different levels of expertise participated in the study. The results were analyzed by a Brazilian grandmaster, and quantitative analysis was performed with the use of statistical methods data mining. The results challenge significantly, the current theories of expertise, memory and decision making in this area, because the present theory predicts piece on square encoding, in which players can recognize the strategic situation reproducing it faithfully, but commit several errors that the theory can¿t explain. The current theory can¿t fully explain the encoding used by players to register a board. The errors of intermediary players preserved fragments of the strategic situation, although they have committed a series of errors in the reconstruction of the positions. The encoding of chunks therefore includes more information than that predicted by current theories. Currently, research on perception, trial and decision is heavily concentrated on the idea of 'pattern recognition'. Based on the results of this research, we explore a change of perspective. The idea of 'pattern recognition' presupposes that the processing of relevant information is on 'patterns' (or data) that exist independently of any interpretation. We propose that the theory suggests the vision of decision-making via the recognition of experience.

Ação social das empresas privadas: uma metodologia para avaliação de resultados

In the recent years Corporate Social Action (CSA) has become more and more relevant to corporate context. The aim is to benefit both poor communities and the donnor companies, as it meets the needs of their salient stakeholders. Nevertheless, there still exists considerable scepticism concerning CSA. In order to become a solid management practice, it is critcal to evidence the attained results. Up to now, the focus has been on process evaluation, that is, on the policies companies are adopting. Literature revision has shown a great need of studies related to results identification in this field. Therefore, using stakeholders` framework (according to Wood, 1991; Donaldson and Preston, 1995; Hopkins, 1997; Hamil, 1999), we have developped a methodology to evaluate CSA results, based on public and private effectiveness criteria. As we applied it to assess Xerox social action in Brazil we were able to identify the attainment degree of expected results related to the benefitted community (Mangueira) and also to some Xerox salient stakeholders (employees and clients).

Projeto mangueira: ilusão ou inclusão Social. Uma experiência em gestão socio-esportiva

Este estudo tem como objetivo pesquisar o papel do esporte no processo de inclusão social na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, através do estudo do Programa Social da Mangueira, desenvolvido desde 1987, nesta comunidade. Este Programa usa o esporte como aglutinador e mobilizador de crianças e adolescentes com de desenvolver ações educacionais, de preservação da cultura local e de saúde. A estratégia de pesquisa foi a de um estudo de caso. O estudo conclui que este Programa vem obtendo sucesso, que o esporte é um importante fator no processo de inclusão social e que a questão da exclusão dos benefícios da cidadania no Brasil é um grave problema que vem prejudicando todo o desenvolvimento da nação, do ponto de vista econômico , social, político e ameaça a própria existência do Brasil como nação e unidade.

Previdência complementar no Brasil : análise do impacto da legislação na alocação de ativos entre 2003 e 2005

This work aims to identify the impacts brought about by legislation alterations regarding assets allocation by Pension Funds Companies. Focused on that, this work carried on a detailed review on the existing literature concerning Modern Portfolio Theory, Pension Funds Investment Strategies and on Brazilian Legislation for Financial Market and Pension Funds. On a second moment, the work identified asset allocation differences when comparing national financial market players and the data released by the official Social Security Secretary - SPC - regarding the 35 Pension Funds analyzed. In accordance with what the literature indicates, the work also reveals that Pension Funds pursue asset allocation policies different than those adopted by other market players due to the Fund¿s long term investment characteristics. No major impacts were identified on the legislation issued by the National Monetary Council ¿ CMN - in what it concerns asset allocation and impacts were only identified on the legislation regarding - CPMF - taxes on financial operations - which led Pension Funds to allocate expressive part of their assets on investment funds.

Desafios que enfrenta a ANP para regular a indústria de petróleo no Brasil depois da quebra do monopólio em 1997 ate o ano de 2005

This work is analyzing the challenges which the National Petrol Agency is facing to regulate the Petrol industry in Brazil after the Monopoly crash in the period between 1997 until 2005. Due to the necessities of adaptation of its political strategies to the rules which determine the international economic flows, Brazil was forced to use the Economic Regulation in order to control the market. The regulation established in Brazil is not indifferent to imperfect markets. Thus can be find a conflict of interests among companies, the government and consumers within this process of regulation. The established agency does not have enough autonomy for administrating a regulation. The State with its paternalism power does not allow the agency to fulfill its function for which it was established, even though its function was established by law. A regulating policy which is clearly defined will establish a strong and independent agency with a clear limitation of its competences, avoiding divergent interpretation which prioritizes investments and promotes economic development. The agency will have the challenge to regulate the companies that enter the sector, allowing the opening of the market for new initiatives of investments which contribute to the welfare of the country and breaking at the same time the monopoly that is lead by Petrobras since 1953. Combining a stable set of rules with agility in order to adapt to changes will provide the regulator with a great decision-making power. The flexibility in the regulation will improve the correcting of the rules that were set in the beginning, being more efficient, which are based on acquired experience and achieved results. The structure of the agency and the flexibility of the regulation should be orientated on the promotion of competition in order to achieve economic and social development.

Ouvidoria em órgão regulador do sistema financeiro nacional: o caso do Banco Central do Brasil

This study aims to understand how can the Ombudsman Office in the Central Bank of Brazil - the national monetary policy authority - contribute towards its interaction with society, especially regarding its customer service center. Social control over the government appears to be vital to the governments be responsive and pursue the public interest. The Ombudsman Office can be one instrument of social control. This research is a case study. The study presents the term ombudsman in the world and also its equivalent in Brazil - "ouvidor". Next, concepts related to public administration and accountability are approached. It was verified that the Ombudsman office can be effective in helping the social control of Central Bank of Brazil. Moreover, the Ombudsman Office brings a lot of valuable knowledge to this organization, mainly regarding its social role and its internal processes.

"A garantia soy yo" : etnografia das práticas comerciais entre camelôs nas cidades de Porto Alegre (Brasil) e Ciudad del Este (Paraguai)

O Centro de Porto Alegre (Brasil) caracteriza-se pela presença de vendedores de rua desde o século XVIII. Hoje, contudo, essa forma de comércio informal assume proporções extraordinárias, constituindo-se um fenômeno global relacionado à produção e comercialização de pirataria, consumida generalizadamente em todas as camadas sociais. O universo desta pesquisa são os camelôs e sacoleiros regularizados que trabalham na Praça XV de Novembro da capital gaúcha e comercializam mercadorias contrabandeadas de Ciudad del Este (Paraguai), trazidas por eles próprios. A atuação dos camelôs no espaço público envolve uma permanente negociação - ora pacífica, ora conflituosa - com o poder público, lojistas, meios de comunicação e vendedores de rua em situação irregular. Afora as dificuldades do trabalho de rua e a competitividade do ofício, os comerciantes estudados formam suas redes de relações (sejam elas de vizinhança, de parentesco ou de companheirismo de viagem) pautadas pela presença constante da solidariedade e lealdade - códigos simbólicos que dão sustentação ao trabalho cotidiano, conferindo sentido ao trabalho e à vida social. Procura-se, com isso, fornecer uma visão ampla do universo estudado, mostrando várias de suas facetas, acompanhadas ao longo de uma etnografia que aconteceu tanto em Porto Alegre, quanto na fronteira do Brasil com o Paraguai.

Organizações humanizadas - o caso do Brasil 500 anos

A responsabilidade social tem se tornado tema de grande interesse no meio empresarial e acadêmico. Em tese, algumas empresas estão percebendo que a sustentabilidade dos seus negócios não será possível em um ambiente no qual os problemas sociais se agravam a cada dia. Esta pesquisa teve objetivo analisar a questão da responsabilidade social, aqui entendida como humanização nas organizações. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso: o projeto Brasil 500 anos, da Rede Globo de Televisão. Os resultados sugerem que o projeto mencionado (e a Rede que o abriga) possui características do que se denomina organizações humanizadas e que está alcançando objetivos tidos como importantes diferenciais no mundo atual.

Políticas públicas de segurança do Brasil e da Argentina: uma abordagem sobre os acordos de integração policial entre as unidades federativas do Codesul e da Crecenea-Litoral

Essa dissertação objetiva identificar até que ponto o acordo firmado entre o Codesul e a Crecenea-Litoral para integração do Sistema de Segurança Pública foi executado. A obra apresenta teorias sobre a origem do Estado e da Sociedade e procura relacionar esse assunto, em linhas gerais, com as problemáticas da Segurança Pública. Aborda questões relacionadas aos direitos e garantias individuais dos cidadãos. Mostra a estrutura da organização da Segurança Pública no Brasil e na Argentina e também faz considerações sobre a integração policial entre o Codesul e a Crecenea-Litoral. A metodologia utilizada privilegiou a pesquisa de campo. O estudo concluiu que a integração do Sistema de Segurança Pública entre o Codesul e a Crecenea-Litoral se encontra em uma fase embrionária. A vivência social, a praxe operacional e administrativa nos trabalhos policiais, das duas regiões, revelam que as políticas públicas no setor de segurança pública e principalmente no que se refere a integração policial são insignificantes.

Avaliação de incubadoras de empresas de base tecnológica sob a ótica do conceito de capital social

Este trabalho busca entender como as Incubadoras de Empresas, por meio das relações com os agentes que fazem parte das suas redes, são capazes de auxiliar o surgimento de novas empresas. Identificou-se que aquelas Incubadoras de Empresas que se relacionam por meio de laços fortes com suas Instituições Mantenedoras e onde seus gestores conseguem articular o Capital Social potencialmente disponível dentro da rede que se constrói a partir dessas Incubadoras, são capazes de estimular o surgimento de novas empresas e disponibilizar um volume de Capital Social suficientemente capaz para que essas empresas, durante o período de Incubação, tenham a possibilidade de acumular seu próprio Capital Social a ponto de garantir a sua sobrevivência, após a sua saída da Incubadora.

Políticas públicas para radiodifusão e imprensa: ação e omissão do estado no Brasil pós-1964

The press and the State had developed, in Brazil, a relation of interdependence. Press and broadcasting corporations depend on state money for its survival and politicians depend on the press and the exposition in the media to communicate with their electorate. This relation of proximity affects the elaboration of public policies for the sector. This study analyzes public policies for broadcasting and the press since 1964, when it was established in the country the military regimen, a mark of a deep reform in the Communications. Public policies are debated in line with two dimensions - one relative to the infrastructure needed by the Communications, and another referring to the content of information. Our conclusion clarifies the urgency of a revision in the laws that regulate the media, many of which are not applicable anymore, and questions the independence of Brazilian parliamentarians to proceed with the necessary reforms and to the discussion about new public policies for the sector.

Os tribunais de contas e o controle social : a proposta de criação de uma ouvidoria para o Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e sua importância no processo democrático fluminense

The aim of this dissertation is to study the contribution given by the Brazilian court of accounts, with the creation of the ombudsman on those institutions, to the exercise of the social control made by its citizens. Being considered one of the key inventions in the field of the external control of the public management, the ombudsman of the court of accounts is the most important means of control the society may use over the public management, as well as the place where the society and court of accounts might debate and get to an agreement concerning on how to spend the public asset in a way that will benefit the citizens. In order to fulfill the aim of the dissertation, the concepts of citizenship, particularly the deliberative citizenship, were recaptured, as well as the means of control in the public management and the role of the court of accounts as a participant in the external control of the public accounts. Lastly, some of the 18 ombudsman linked to Brazilian courts of account are presented in the dissertation. The Ombudsman of the Courts of Accounts of the states of Paraná and Pernambuco are emphasized once it is understood that they are in the path of transcending the concept of popular participation to the popular sovereignty, in which the debate with the society might, in a near future, decide possibly the course of the audits of those entities.

Observatório de Inovação Social do Turismo: prevenção e enfrentamento da exploração sexual de crianças e adolescentes no turismo

The "Observatório de Inovação Social do Turismo" was created due to the need of studies and researches related to tourism and its social impacts. The Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas, of Fundação Getulio Vargas, in partnership with the Ministry of Tourism and the Childhood Brazil, started in 2007, studies about the sexual exploration of children and adolescents. The present work has the objective to analyze, based on the results of the "Observatório de Inovação Social do Turismo", its contributions to the prevention and repression of sexual exploration of children and adolescents associated to the tourism.

A democratização da política pública e o fortalecimento da cidadania. Conhecendo o projeto Casa Brasil : unidades Vitória e Vila Velha

The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the Casa Brasil Project and its contribution for promoting actions related to citizenship in Vitoria and Vila Velha cities. The essay was led through a theoretical discussion about citizenship, public space, social participation and public politics. Thereafter thematic interviews based on a non-probabilistic method were done with seventeen people such as public power representatives, organized civilian society and community. The speech analysis was used for data treatment. Some negative and positive aspects referred to citizenship and public power were identified. The aim of the research was checking if there is any encouragement to a genuine and consciousness participation of the society for the structure and continuous citizenship practice. The Casa Brasil Project experience in Vitoria and Vila Velha demonstrates that its sustainability and effectiveness depend on how interacted and committed the strategic stakeholders are, since the condition of local institutions influences the model of social mobilization and individual participation. Besides, this essay shows it is necessary: to improve the citizen involvement ¿ by implementing the board of directors, which assures public participation in order to stimulate the community to take the unity control ¿ to grant democratic feature to the public power, and to increase citizenship.

Controle social exercido através da denúncia no âmbito do TCE-RJ

The crisis that affected the capitalist states during the last decade of the 20th century, put an end to the period of greatest expansion of the state, demanding alterations that brought, especially in economic terms, the ideals of the liberal state. The main goal of these changes was to optimize the administration of the public service by introducing into it more efficiency, transparency, and morality because the state had shown to be incapable of attending the demands of the society and its way of doing was inefficient and did not reach out to the public interest. In Brazil, like in other part of the world, recent scandals of corruption and misuse of public funds put in doubt the efficiency of the financial control system. Like any other political system Brazil has a complex set of external and internal control, institutions that work to prevent misuse of public funds and identify responsibilities if bad use occurred. All these elements highlight the mechanisms of control of the public administration, which came to be seen as essential instruments for the improvement of the management of the public resources, targeting the collective interest. Therefore, along with the traditional mechanisms of power suppression, such as the system of checks and balances, social control arises. This, when used together with the monitoring exercised by public inspection agencies, is defined as horizontal accountability activated by civil society, in which citizens and institutions gather efforts in order to promote a more effective charge of responsibility from public agents and politicians in case of misconducts. This study aimed to identify the opportunities and limitations of social control exercised by the complaint under the TCE-RJ. The results point to the need to develop measures to guarantee the anonymity of denouncers, to simplify the forms of access the TCE-RJ and to improve information spread to the citizen.